An exploratory study of the effect of mahjong on the cognitive functioning of persons with dementia

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

Volumn 21, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 611-617

  Cheng, Sheung Tak ^a   Chan, Alfred C M ^b   Yu, Edwin C S ^c  

^a CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b LINGNAN UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

^c KWAI CHUNG HOSPITAL   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Dementia; Digit memory; Mahjong; MMSE; Verbal memory

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMENTIA; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DISEASE SEVERITY; EFFECT SIZE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION; PLAY THERAPY; RANDOMIZATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECREATIONAL THERAPY; SCORING SYSTEM; THERAPY EFFECT; VERBAL MEMORY;

AGED, 80 AND OVER; COGNITION DISORDERS; DEMENTIA; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MENTAL RECALL; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PLAY AND PLAYTHINGS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; VERBAL BEHAVIOR;

EID: 33746394107     PISSN: 08856230     EISSN: 10991166     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/gps.1531     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. American Psychiatric Association. 2000. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Association: Washington, DC.
2. Ball K, Berch DB, Helmers KF, et al. 2002. Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults. JAMA 288: 2271-2281.
3. Baltes MM, Kühl K-P, Sowarka D. 1992. Testing for limits of cognitive reserve capacity: a promising strategy for early diagnosis of dementia? J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 47B: P165-P167.
4. Canadian Study of Health and Aging Working Group. 1994. Canadian Study of Health and Aging: study methods and prevalence of dementia. Can Med Assoc J 150: 899-913.
5. Chiu HFK, Lee HB, Chung WS, Kwong PK. 1994. Reliability and validity of the Cantonese version of Mini-Mental State Examination: a preliminary report. J HK Coll Psychiatr 4(Suppl. 2): 25-28.
6. Clare L, Woods RT. 2004. Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease: a review. Neuropsychol Rehabil 14: 385-401.
7. Fillenbaum GG, Hughes DC, Heyman A, George LK, Blazer DG. 1998. Relationship of health and demographic characteristics to Mini-Mental State Examination score among community residents. Psychol Med 18: 719-726.
8. Folstein MF, Anthony JC, Parhad I, Duffy B, Gruenberg EM. 1985. The meaning of cognitive impairment in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 33: 228-235.
9. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. 1975. 'Mini-Mental State': a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12: 189-198.
10. Kempermann G, Gast D, Gage FH. 2002. Neuroplasticity in old age: sustained fivefold induction of hippocampal neurogenesis by long-term environmental enrichment. Ann Neurol 52: 135-143.
11. Lee TMC, Yuen KSL, Chan CCH. 2002. Normative data for neuropsychological measures of fluency, attention, and memory measures for Hong Kong Chinese. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 24: 615-632.
12. Lee TMC. 2003. Normative Data: Neuropsychological Measures for Hong Kong Chinese. Neuropsychology Laboratory, University of Hong Kong: Hong Kong.
13. Lindenberger U, Reischies FM. 1999. Limits and potentials of intellectual functioning in old age. In The Berling Aging Study: Aging From 70 to 100, Baltes PB, Mayer KU (eds). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge; 329-359.
14. Mahjong (n.d.). Retrieved February 7, 2005, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahjong/.
15. Mahoney FI, Barthel DW. 1965. Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index. Md State Med J 14: 61-65.
16. Reynolds CA, Finkel D, Gatz M, Pedersen NL. 2002. Sources of influence on rate of cognitive change over time in Swedish twins: an application of latent growth models. Exp Aging Res 28: 407-433.
17. Orrell M, Spector A, Thorgrimsen L, Woods B. 2005. A pilot study examining the effectiveness of maintenance Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (MCST) for people with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 20: 446-451.
18. Santaguida PL, Raina P, Booker L, et al. 2004. Pharmacological Treatment of Dementia (Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 97). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Rockville, MD.
19. Schaie KW, Willis SL. 1986. Can decline in adult intellectual functioning be reversed? Dev Psychol 22: 223-232.
20. Sheikh JI, Yesavage JA. 1986. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clin Gerontol 5: 165-173.
21. Sink KM, Holden KF, Yaffe K. 2005. Pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: a review of the evidence. JAMA 293: 596-608.
22. Spector A, Thorgrimsen L, Woods B, et al. 2003. Efficacy of an evidence-based cognitive stimulation therapy programme for people with dementia: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 183: 248-254.
23. Verghese J, Lipton RB, Katz MJ, et al. 2003. Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. N Engl J Med 348: 2508-2516.
24. Wilson RS, Bennett DA, Bienias JL, et al. 2002a. Cognitive activity and incident AD in a population-based sample of older persons. Neurology 59: 1910-1914.
25. Wilson RS, Mendes de Leon CF, Barnes LL, et al. 2002b. Participation in cognitively stimulating activities and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. JAMA 287: 742-748.
26. Wong MTP, Ho TP, Ho MY, Yu CS, Wong YH, Lee SY. 2002. Development and inter-rater reliability of a standardized verbal instruction manual for the Chinese Geriatric Depression Scale-short form. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 17: 459-463.
27. Zarit SH, Zarit JM, Reever KE. 1982. Memory training for severe memory loss: effects on senile dementia patients and their families. Gerontologist 22: 373-377.