Cognitive activity and incident AD in a population-based sample of older persons

Neurology

Volumn 59, Issue 12, 2002, Pages 1910-1914

  Wilson, Robert S ^a   Bennett, D A ^a   Bienias, J L ^a   Aggarwal, N T ^a   De Leon, C F Mendes ^a   Morris, M C ^a   Schneider, J A ^a   Evans, D A ^a  

^a RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; OCCUPATION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 0037168799     PISSN: 00283878     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000036905.59156.A1     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Evans DA, Hebert LE, Beckett LA, et al. Education and other measures of socioeconomic status and risk of incident Alzheimer's disease in a defined population of older persons. Arch Neurol 1997;54:1399-1405.
2. Ott A, van Rossum CTM, van Harskamp F, van de Mheen H, Hofman A, Breteler MMB. Education and the incidence of dementia in a large population-based study: The Rotterdam Study. Neurology 1999;52:663-666.
3. Stern Y, Gurland B, Tatemichi TK, Tang MX, Wilder D, Mayeux R. Influence of education and occupation on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. JAMA 1994;271:1004-1010.
4. Friedland RP. Epidemiology, education, and the ecology of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1993;43:246-249.
5. Katzman R. Education and the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1993;43:13-20.
6. Mortimer JA. Brain reserve and the clinical expression of Alzheimer's disease. Geriatrics 1997;52(suppl 2):S50-S53.
7. Wilson RS, Bennett DA, Gilley DW, Beckett LA, Barnes LL, Evans DA. Premorbid reading activity and patterns of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2000;57:1718-1723.
8. Friedland RP, Fritsch T, Smyth KA, et al. Patients with Alzheimer's disease have reduced activities in midlife compared with healthy control-group members. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001;98:3440-3445.
9. Kondo K, Niino M, Shido K. A case-control study of Alzheimer's disease in Japan - Significance of life-styles. Dementia 1994;5:314-326.
10. Christensen H, Mackinnon A. The association between mental, social, and physical activity and cognitive performance in young and old subjects. Age Ageing 1993;22:175-182.
11. Hultsch DF, Hammer M, Small BJ. Age differences in cognitive performance in later life: Relationships to self-reported health and activity life style. J Gerontol Psychol Sci Soc Sci 1993;48:P1-P11.
12. Wilson RS, Bennett DA, Beckett LA, et al. Cognitive activity in older persons from a geographically defined population. J Gerontol Psychol Sci Soc Sci 1999;54:P155-P160.
13. Wilson RS, Mendes de Leon CF, Barnes LL, et al. Participation in cognitively stimulating activities and risk of incident Alzheimer's disease. JAMA 2002;287:742-748.
14. Albert MS, Smith LA, Scherr PA, Taylor JO, Evans DA, Funkenstein HH. Use of brief cognitive tests to identify individuals in the community with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease. Int J Neurosci 1991;57:167-178.
15. Smith A. Symbol Digit Modalities Test Manual - Revised. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services, 1982.
16. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. Mini-mental state: A practical method for grading the mental state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:189-198.
17. Morris MC, Scherr PA, Hebert LE, et al. The cross-sectional association between blood pressure and Alzheimer's disease in a biracial community population of older persons. J Gerontol Med Sci 2000;55A:M130-M136.
18. Aggarwal NT, Bennett DA, Bienias JL, Mendes de Leon CF, Morris MC, Evans DA. The prevalence of dizziness and its association with functional disability in a biracial community population. J Gerontol Med Sci 2000;55A:M288-M292.
19. McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, Katzman R, Price D, Stadlan E. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1984;34:939-944.
20. Hixson JE, Vernier DT. Restriction isotyping of human apolipoprotein E by gene amplification and cleavage with Hha I. J Lipid Res 1990;31:545-548.
21. National Center for Health Statistics, Moss AJ, Parsons VL. Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, United States, 1985. Vital and Health Statistics, Series 10, No. 160. Public Health Service, DHHS pub no. (PHS) 86-1588. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1986.
22. McPhillips JB, Pellettera KM, Barrett-Connor E, Wingard DL, Criqui MH. Exercise patterns in a population of older adults. Am J Prev Med 1989;5:65-72.
23. Taylor HL, Jacobs DR, Shucker B, Knudsen J, Leon AS, Debacker G. A questionnaire for the assessment of leisure time physical activities. J Chron Dis 1978;31:741-755.
24. Featherman DL, Hauser RM. The measurement of occupation in social surveys. In: Hauser RM, Featherman DL, eds. The Process of Stratification. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, 1977; 51-80.
25. Irwin M, Artin KH, Oxman MN. Screening for depression in the older adult: Criterion validity of the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1701-1704.
26. Kohout FJ, Berkman LF, Evans DA, Cornoni-Huntley J. Two shorter forms of the CES-D depression symptoms index. J Aging Health 1993;5:179-193.
27. Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: A self report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1977;1: 385-401.
28. SAS Institute. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, 2000.
29. Wolter KM. Introduction to Variance Estimation. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985.
30. Bowen J, Teri L, Kukull W, McCormick W, McCurry SM, Larson EB. Progression to dementia in patients with isolated memory loss. Lancet 1997;349:763-765.
31. Howieson DB, Dame A, Camicioli R, Sexton G, Payami H, Kaye JA. Cognitive markers preceding Alzheimer's dementia in the healthy oldest old. J Am Geriatr Soc 1997;45:584-589.
32. Fabrigoule C, Letenneur L, Dartigues JF, Zarrouk M, Commenges D, Barberger-Gateau P. Social and leisure activities and risk of dementia: A prospective longitudinal study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995;43:485-490.
33. Scarmeas N, Levy G, Tang M-X, Manly J, Stern Y. Influence of leisure activity on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 2001;57:2236-2242.
34. Laurin D, Verreault R, Lindsay J, MacPherson K, Rockwood K. Physical activity and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly persons. Arch Neurol 2001;58:498-504.
35. Yoshitake T, Kiyohara Y, Kato I, et al. Incidence and risk factors of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease in a defined elderly Japanese population: The Hisayama Study. Neurology 1995;45:1161-1168.
36. Broe GA, Creasey H, Jorm AF, et al. Health habits and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in old age: A prospective study on the effects of exercise, smoking and alcohol consumption. Aust NZ J Public Health 1998;22:621-623.