Hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) evaluate predation risk using chemical signals from predators and injured conspecifics

Journal of Chemical Ecology

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 605-619

  Smee, Delbert L ^a   Weissburg, Marc J ^a  

^a GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Blue crab; Chemical cue; Clam; Diet; Flume; Foraging; Predator avoidance; Predator prey interaction; Risk evaluation

Indexed keywords

BIVALVE; CHEMICAL CUE; PREDATION RISK; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION; SIGNAL;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL COMMUNICATION; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; BIVALVE; PHYSIOLOGY; PREDATION;

ANIMAL COMMUNICATION; ANIMAL NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; ANIMAL NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; ANIMALS; BIVALVIA; CUES; PREDATORY BEHAVIOR;

ANIMALIA; BIVALVIA; CALLINECTES SAPIDUS; DECAPODA (CRUSTACEA); MERCENARIA MERCENARIA;

EID: 33745826644     PISSN: 00980331     EISSN: 15731561     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-9021-8     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. AUKEMA, B. H. and RAFFA, K. F. 2004. Does aggregation benefit bark beetles by diluting predation? Links between a group-colonization strategy and the absence of emergent multiple predator effects Ecol. Entomol. 29:129-138.
2. BROWN, G. E. and DREIER, V. M. 2002. Predator inspection and attack cone avoidance in the characin fish: the effects of predator diet and prey experience. Anim. Behav. 63:1175-1181.
3. BROWN, G. E., PAIGE, J. A., and GODIN, J. G. J. 2000. Chemically mediated predator inspection behavior in the absence of predation visual cues by a characin fish. Anim. Behav. 60:315-321.
4. BRYER, P. J., MIRZA, R. S., and CHIVERS, D. P. 2001. Chemosensory assessment of predation risk by slimy sculpins, Cottus cognathus: Responses to alarm, disturbance, and predator cues. J. Chem. Ecol. 27:533-546.
5. CARPENTER, S. R., KITCHELL, J. F., and HODGSON, J. R. 1985. Cascading tropic interactions and lake productivity. BioScience 35:634-639.
6. CHIVERS, D. P. and MIRZA, R. S. 2001. Importance of predator diet cues in responses of larval wood frogs to fish and invertebrate predators. J. Chem. Ecol. 27:45-51.
7. CHIVERS, D. P. and SMITH, R. J. F. 1998. Chemical alarm signaling in aquatic predator-prey interactions: a review and prospectus. Ecoscience 5:338-352.
8. CHIVERS, D. P., WISENDEN, B. D., and SMITH, R. J. F. 1996. Damselfly larvae learn to recognize predators from chemical cues in the predator's diet. Anim. Behav. 52:315-320.
9. COEN, L. D. and HECK, K. L. JR. 1991. The interactive effects of siphon-nipping and habitat on bivalve (Mercenaria mercenaria (L.)) growth in a subtropical seagrass (Halodule wrightii Aschers) meadow. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 145:1-13.
10. COTE', I. M. and JELNIKAR, E. 1999. Predator-induced clumping behavior in mussels (Mytilus edulis Linnaeus). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 235:201-211.
11. CROWL, T. A. and COVICH, A. P. 1990. Predator-induced life history shifts in a freshwater snail. Science 247:949-951.
12. ECGLESTON, D. B., LIPCIUS, R. N., and HINES, A. H. 1992. Density-dependent predation by blue crabs upon infaunal clam species with contrasting distribution and abundance patters. Mar. Ecol., Prog. Ser. 85:55-68.
13. FERNER, M. C. and WEISSBURG, M. J. 2005. Slow-moving predatory gastropods track prey odors in fast and turbulent flow. J. Exp. Biol. 208:809-819.
14. FINELLI, C. M., PENTCHEFF, N. D., ZIMMER, R. K., and WETHEY, D. S. 2000. Physical constraints on ecological process: a field test of odor-mediated foraging. Ecology 81:784-797.
15. FITZGIBBON, C. D. 1990. Mixed species grouping in Thompson's and Grant's gazelles: the antipredator benefits. Anim. Behav. 39:1116-1126.
16. HAMILTON, W. D. 1971. Geometry for the selfish herd. J. Theor. Biol. 31:295-311.
17. HOWE, N. R. and HARRIS, L. G. 1978. Transfer of the sea anemone pheromone, anthopluerine, by the nudibranch Aeolidia papillosa. J. Chem. Ecol. 4:551-561.
18. IRLANDI, E. A. 1994. Large and small-scale effects of habitat structure on rates of predation: how percent coverage of seagrass affects rates of predation and siphon-nipping on an infaunal bivalve. Oecologia 98:176-183.
19. IRLANDI, E. A. and PETERSON, C. H. 1991. Modification of animal habitat by large plants: mechanisms by which seagrasses influence clam growth. Oecologia 87:307-318.
20. KATZ, L. B. and DILL, L. M. 1998. The scent of death: chemosensory assessment of predation risk by animals. Ecoscience 5:361-394.
21. LEONARD, G. H., BERTNESS, M. D., and YUND, P. O. 1999. Crab predation, waterborne cues, and inducible defenses in blue mussels Mytilus edulis. Ecology 80:1-14.
22. LIMA, S. L. 1998. Nonlethal effects in the ecology of predator-prey interactions. BioScience 48:25-34.
23. LIMA, S. L. 2002. Putting predators back into behavioral predator-prey interactions. Trends Ecol. Evol. 17:70-75.
24. LIMA, S. L. and DILL, L. M. 1990. Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus. Can. J. Zool. 68:619-640.
25. MACKIE, A. M. and SHELTON, R. G. J. 1972. A whole animal bioassay for the determination of food attractants of the lobster Homarus gammaus. Mar. Biol. 14:217-224.
26. MADISON, D. M., SULLIVAN, A. M., MAERZ, J. C., MCDARBY, J. H., and ROHR, J. R. 2002. A complex, cross-taxon, chemical releaser of antipredator behavior in amphibians. J. Chem. Ecol. 28:2271-2282.
27. MATHIS, A. and SMITH, R. J. F. 1993. Intraspecific and cross super-order responses to chemical alarm signals by brook stickleback. Ecology 74:2395-2404.
28. MENGE, B. A. 2000. Top-down and bottom-up community regulation in marine rocky intertidal habitats. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 250:257-289.
29. MCINTOSH, A. R. and PECKARSKY, B. L. 1999. Criteria determining behavioural responses to multiple predators by a stream mayfly. Oikos 85:554-564.
30. MICHELI, F. 1995. Behavioural plasticity in prey-size selectivity of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus feeding on bivalve prey. J. Anim. Ecol. 64:63-74.
31. MICHELI, F. 1997. Effects of predator foraging behavior on patterns of prey mortality in marine soft bottoms. Ecol. Monogr. 67:203-224.
32. MILLAR, J. G. and HAYNES, K. F. (eds.). 1998. Methods in Chemical Ecology, Volume 1: Chemical Methods. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA. 390 p.
33. MIRZA, R. A. and CHIVERS, D. P. 2001. Do juvenile yellow perch use diet cues to assess the level of threat posed by intraspecific predators? Behaviour 138:1249-1258.
34. NAKAOKA, M. 2000. Nonlethal effects of predators on prey populations: predator-mediated change in bivalve growth. Ecology 81:1031-1045.
35. PAINE, R. T. 1966. Food web complexity and species diversity. Am. Nat. 103:65-75.
36. PECKARSKY, B. L. 1996. Alternative predator avoidance syndromes of stream-dwelling mayfly larvae. Ecology 77:1888-1905.
37. PETERSON, C. H. 1986. Quantitative allometry of gamete production by Mercenaria mercenaria into old age. Mar Ecol., Prog. Ser. 29:93-97.
38. PETRANKA, J. W. and HAYS, L. 1998. Chemically-mediated avoidance of a predatory odonate (Anax junius) by American toad (Bufo americanus) and wood frog (Rana sylvatica) tadpoles. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 42:23-271.
39. PETRANKA, J. W., KATZ, L. B., and SIH, A. 1987. Predator-prey interactions among fish and larval amphibians: use of chemical cues to detect predatory fish. Anim. Behav. 35:420-425.
40. POWELL, G. V. N. 1974. Experimental analysis of the social value of flocking by starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in relation to predation and foraging. Anim. Behav. 22:501-505.
41. SCHMITZ, O. J. 1998. Direct and indirect effects of predation and predation risk in old-field interaction webs. Am. Nat. 151:327-342.
42. SCHMITZ, O. J., BECKERMAN, A. P., and O'BRIEN, K. M. 1997. Behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades: Effects of predation risk on food web interactions. Ecology 78:1388-1399.
43. SIH, A., CROWLEY, P., MCPEEK, M., PETRANKA, J., and STROTHMEIER, K. 1985. Predation, competition, and prey communities: a review of field experiments. Ann. Rev. Ecolog. Syst. 16:269-312.
44. SMEE, D. L. and WEISSBURG, M. J. In press. Clamming up: environmental forces diminish the perceptive ability of bivalve prey. Ecology.
45. SMITH, M. E. and BELK, M. C. 2001. Risk assessment in western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis): do multiple cues have additive effects? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 51:101-107.
46. SOKAL, R. R. and ROHLF, F. J. 1995. Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research, 3rd edition. W. H. Freeman and Co., New York.
47. STABELL, O. B. and LWIN, M. S. 1997. Predator-induced phenotypic changes in crucian carp are caused by chemical signals from conspecifics. Environ. Biol. Fisches 49:145-149.
48. SULLIVAN, K. A. 1984. The advantages of social foraging in downy woodpeckers. Anim. Behav. 32:16-22.
49. VIRNSTEIN, R. W. 1977. The importance of predation by crabs and fishes on benthic infauna in Chesapeake Bay. Ecology 58:1199-1217.
50. WALKER, R. L. 1987. Hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria (L.) populations of coastal Georgia. Georgia Marine Science Center, Technical Report Series 87-1, Athens.
51. WEBSTER, D. R. and WEISSBURG, M. J. 2001. Chemosensory guidance cues in a turbulent odor plume. Limnol. Oceanogr. 46:1034-1047.
52. WEISSBURG, M. J. and ZIMMER-FAUST, R. K. 1993. Life and death in moving fluids: hydrodynamic effects on chemosensory mediated predation. Ecology 74:1428-1443.
53. WEISSBURG, M. J., FERNER, M. C., PISUT, D. P., and SMEE, D. L. 2002. Ecological consequences of chemically mediated prey perception. J. Chem. Ecol. 28:1953-1970.
54. WERNER, E. E. and PEACOR, S. D. 2003. A review of trait-mediated indirect interactions in ecological communities. Ecology 84:1083-1100.
55. ZIMMER, R. K. and BUTMAN, C. A. 2000. Chemical signaling processes in the marine environment. Biol. Bull. 198:168-187.
56. ZIMMER-FAUST, R. K. and CASE, J. F. 1982. Organization of food search in the kelp crab, Pugettia producta (Randall). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 57:237-255.