Impact of cytomegalovirus in organ transplant recipients in the era of antiviral prophylaxis

Transplantation

Volumn 81, Issue 12, 2006, Pages 1645-1652

  Limaye, Ajit P ^a,d   Bakthavatsalam, Ramasamy ^b   Kim, Hyung W ^c   Randolph, Sara E ^a   Halldorson, Jeffrey B ^b   Healey, Patrick J ^b   Kuhr, Christian S ^b   Levy, Adam E ^b   Perkins, James D ^b   Reyes, Jorge D ^b   Boeckh, Michael ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Complications; Cytomegalovirus; Liver transplant; Mortality; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

ACICLOVIR; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; BASILIXIMAB; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; CYCLOSPORIN; DACLIZUMAB; GANCICLOVIR; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIBODY; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; OKT 3; PREDNISONE; TACROLIMUS; VALGANCICLOVIR;

ADULT; ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION; FEMALE; GRAFT RECIPIENT; GRAFT REJECTION; HUMAN; INFECTION PREVENTION; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; UNITED STATES;

ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; COHORT STUDIES; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 33745441993     PISSN: 00411337     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000226071.12562.1a     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Balfour HH, Jr., Chace BA, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of oral acyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of renal allogratfs. N Engl J Med 1989; 320(21): 1381.
2. Gane E, Saliba F, Valdecasas GJ, et al. Randomised trial of efficacy and safety of oral ganciclovir in the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in liver-transplant recipients. The Oral Ganciclovir International Transplantation Study Group [corrected]. Lancet 1997; 350(9093): 1729.
3. Lowance D, Neumayer HH, Legendre CM, et al. Valacyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation. International Valacyclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Transplantation Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999; 340(19): 1462.
4. Barkholt L, Lewensohn-Fuchs I, Ericzon BG, et al. High-dose acyclovir prophylaxis reduces cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant patients. Transpl Infect Dis 1999; 1(2): 89.
5. Limaye AP, Corey L, Koelle DM, et al. Emergence of ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus disease among recipients of solid-organ transplants. Lancet 2000; 356(9230): 645.
6. Limaye AP, Bakthavatsalam R, Kim HW, et al. Late-onset cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant recipients despite antiviral prophylaxis. Transplantation 2004; 78(9): 1390.
7. Razonable RR, Rivero A, Rodriguez A, et al. Allograft rejection predicts the occurrence of late-onset cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease among CMV-mismatched solid organ transplant patients receiving prophylaxis with oral ganciclovir. J Infect Dis 2001; 184(11): 1461.
8. Paya C, Humar A, Dominguez E, et al. Efficacy and safety of valganciclovir vs. oral ganciclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2004; 4(4): 611.
9. Duncan SR, Grgurich WF, Iacono AT, et al. A comparison of ganciclovir and acyclovir to prevent cytomegalovirus after lung transplantation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150(1): 146.
10. Shibolet O, Ilan Y, Kalish Y, et al. Late cytomegalovirus disease following liver transplantation. Transpl Int 2003; 16(12): 861.
11. Akalin E, Sehgal V, Ames S, et al. Cytomegalovirus disease in high-risk transplant recipients despite ganciclovir or valganciclovir prophylaxis. Am J Transplant 2003; 3(6): 731.
12. Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients 2004 Annual Report Summary Tables, 2004: Tables 1.11a and 1.12a. Available at www. ustransplant.org. Accessed 15 Feb 2006.
13. de Otero J, Gavalda J, Murio E, et al. Cytomegalovirus disease as a risk factor for graft loss and death after orthotopic liver transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26(4): 865.
14. Falagas ME, Snydman DR, Griffith J, Werner BG. Exposure to cytomegalovirus from the donated organ is a risk factor for bacteremia in orthotopic liver transplant recipients. Boston Center for Liver Transplantation CMVIG Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23(3): 468.
15. Falagas ME, Paya C, Ruthazer R, et al. Significance of cytomegalovirus for long-term survival after orthotopic liver transplantation: a prospective derivation and validation cohort analysis. Transplantation 1998; 66(8): 1020.
16. Sagedal S, Hartmann A, Nordal KP, et al. Impact of early cytomegalovirus infection and disease on long-term recipient and kidney graft survival. Kidney Int 2004; 66(1): 329.
17. Burak KW, Kremers WK, Batts KP, et al. Impact of cytomegalovirus infection, year of transplantation, and donor age on outcomes after liver transplantation for hepatitis C. Liver Transpl 2002; 8(4): 362.
18. Grattan MT, Moreno-Cabral CE, Starnes VA, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection is associated with cardiac allograft rejection and atherosclerosis. JAMA 1989; 261(24): 3561.
19. George MJ, Snydman DR, Werner BG, et al. The independent role of cytomegalovirus as a risk factor for invasive fungal disease in orthotopic liver transplant recipients. Boston Center for Liver Transplantation CMVIG-Study Group. Am J Med 1997; 103(2): 106.
20. Evans PC, Soin A, Wreghitt TG, et al. An association between cytomegalovirus infection and chronic rejection after liver transplantation. Transplantation 2000; 69(1): 30.
21. Rosen HR, Chou S, Corless CL, et al. Cytomegalovirus viremia: risk factor for allograft cirrhosis after liver transplantation for hepatitis C. Transplantation 1997; 64(5): 721.
22. Rand KH, Pollard RB, Merigan TC. Increased pulmonary superinfections in cardiac-transplant patients undergoing primary cytomegalovirus infection. N Engl J Med 1978; 298(17): 951.
23. Boeckh M, Woogerd PM, Stevens-Ayers T, et al. Factors influencing detection of quantitative cytomegalovirus antigenemia. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32(3): 832.
24. Ljungman P, Griffiths P, Paya C. Definitions of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34(8): 1094.
25. Razonable RR, Rivero A, Brown RA, et al. Detection of simultaneous beta-herpesvirus infections in clinical syndromes due to defined cytomegalovirus infection. Clin Transplant 2003; 17(2): 114.
26. Ascioglu S, Rex JH, de Pauw B, et al. Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplants: an international consensus. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34(1): 7.
27. Nichols WG, Corey L, Gooley T, et al. High risk of death due to bacterial and fungal infection among cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seronegative recipients of stem cell transplants from seropositive donors: evidence for indirect effects of primary CMV infection. J Infect Dis 2002; 185(3): 273.
28. Falagas ME, Snydman DR, Griffith J, et al. Effect of cytomegalovirus infection status on first-year mortality rates among orthotopic liver transplant recipients. The Boston Center for Liver Transplantation CMVIG Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1997; 126(4): 275.
29. Marr KA, Carter RA, Boeckh M, et al. Invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: changes in epidemiology and risk factors. Blood 2002; 100(13): 4358.
30. Chatterjee SN, Fiala M, Weiner J, et al. Primary cytomegalovirus and opportunistic infections. Incidence in renal transplant recipients. JAMA 1978; 240(22): 2446.
31. Singh N, Wannstedt C, Keyes L, et al. Indirect outcomes associated with cytomegalovirus (opportunistic infections, hepatitis C virus sequelae, and mortality) in liver-transplant recipients with the use of preemptive therapy for 13 years. Transplantation 2005; 79(10): 1428.
32. Singh N. Preemptive therapy versus universal prophylaxis with ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32(5): 742.
33. Singh N. Late-onset cytomegalovirus disease as a significant complication in solid organ transplant recipients receiving antiviral prophylaxis: a call to heed the mounting evidence. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40(5): 704.