Galanin and galanin-like peptide modulate neurite outgrowth via protein kinase C-mediated activation of extracellular signal-related kinase

European Journal of Neuroscience

Volumn 23, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 2937-2946

  Hawes, Jessica J ^a   Narasimhaiah, Roopashree ^a   Picciotto, Marina R ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

GalR2; Mitogen activated protein kinase; Neurite outgrowth; Neurospheres; PC12 cells; Protein kinase C

Indexed keywords

GALANIN; GALANIN LIKE PEPTIDE; GALANIN RECEPTOR 2; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE C;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; HIPPOCAMPUS; NERVE CELL; NERVE FIBER GROWTH; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; STEM CELL;

ANIMALS; BLOTTING, WESTERN; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELLS, CULTURED; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG INTERACTIONS; EMBRYO; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME INHIBITORS; EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED MAP KINASES; GALANIN; GALANIN-LIKE PEPTIDE; NEURITES; NEURONS; PROTEIN KINASE C; RATS; RECEPTORS, GALANIN; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; STEM CELLS;

EID: 33745100795     PISSN: 0953816X     EISSN: 14609568     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04828.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Burazin T.C. Gundlach A.L. ( 1998) Inducible galanin and GalR2 receptor system in motor neuron injury and regeneration. J. Neurochem., 71, 879 882.
2. Corbit K.C. Foster D.A. Rosner M.R. ( 1999) Protein kinase Cd mediates neurogenic but not mitogenic activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in neuronal cells. Mol. Cell Biol., 19, 4209 4218.
3. Dikic I. Batzer A.G. Blaikie P. Obermeier A. Ullrich A. Schlessinger J. Margolis B. ( 1995) Shc binding to nerve growth factor receptor is mediated by the phosphotyrosine interaction domain. J. Biol. Chem., 270, 15 125 15 129.
4. Doherty P. Williams G. Williams E.J. ( 2000) CAMs and axonal growth: a critical evaluation of the role of calcium and the MAPK cascade. Mol. Cell Neurosci., 16, 283 295.
5. Gundlach A.L. Burazin T.C. Larm J.A. ( 2001) Distribution, regulation and role of hypothalamic galanin systems: renewed interest in a pleiotropic peptide family. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 28, 100 105.
6. Hokfelt T. Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z. Villar M. Melander T. ( 1987) Increase of galanin-like immunoreactivity in rat dorsal root ganglion cells after peripheral axotomy. Neurosci. Lett., 83, 217 220.
7. Holmes F.E. Mahoney S. King V.R. Bacon A. Kerr N.C. Pachnis V. Curtis R. Priestley J.V. Wynick D. ( 2000) Targeted disruption of the galanin gene reduces the number of sensory neurons and their regenerative capacity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97, 11 563 11 568.
8. Kaplan D.R. Martin-Zanca D. Parada L.F. ( 1991) Tyrosine phosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity of the trk proto-oncogene product induced by NGF. Nature, 350, 158 160.
9. Kitayama T. Yoneyama M. Tamaki K. Yoneda Y. ( 2004) Regulation of neuronal differentiation by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors expressed in neural progenitor cells isolated from adult mouse hippocampus. J. Neurosci. Res., 76, 599 612.
10. Klesse L.J. Parada L.F. ( 1999) Trks: signal transduction and intracellular pathways. Microsc. Res. Tech., 45, 210 216.
11. Klimaschewski L. Unsicker K. Heym C. ( 1995) Vasoactive intestinal peptide but not galanin promotes survival of neonatal rat sympathetic neurons and neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. Neurosci. Lett., 195, 133 136.
12. Kolch W. Heidecker G. Kochs G. Hummel R. Vahidi H. Mischak H. Finkenzeller G. Marme D. Rapp U.R. ( 1993) Protein kinase C alpha activates RAF-1 by direct phosphorylation. Nature, 364, 249 252.
13. Landry M. Liu H.X. Shi T.J. Brumovsky P. Nagy F. Hokfelt T. ( 2005) Galaninergic mechanisms at the spinal level: focus on histochemical phenotyping. Neuropeptides, 39, 223 231.
14. Langel U. Bartfai T. ( 1998) Chemistry and molecular biology of galanin receptor ligands. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 863, 86 93.
15. Levi N.L. Hanoch T. Benard O. Rozenblat M. Harris D. Reiss N. Naor Z. Seger R. ( 1998) Stimulation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by gonadotropin-releasing hormone in pituitary alpha T3-1 cell line is mediated by protein kinase C, c-Src, and CDC42. Mol. Endocrinol., 12, 815 824.
16. Liebmann C. ( 2001) Regulation of MAP kinase activity by peptide receptor signalling pathway: paradigms of multiplicity. Cell. Signal., 13, 777 785.
17. Luttrell L.M. ( 2002) Activation and targeting of mitogen-activated protein kinases by G-protein-coupled receptors. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 80, 375 382.
18. Ma W. Bisby M.A. ( 1997) Differential expression of galanin immunoreactivities in the primary sensory neurons following partial and complete sciatic nerve injuries. Neuroscience, 79, 1183 1195.
19. Mahoney S.A. Hosking R. Farrant S. Holmes F.E. Jacoby A.S. Shine J. Iismaa T.P. Scott M.K. Schmidt R. Wynick D. ( 2003) The second galanin receptor GalR2 plays a key role in neurite outgrowth from adult sensory neurons. J. Neurosci., 23, 416 421.
20. Miranti C.K. Ohno S. Brugge J.S. ( 1999) Protein kinase C regulates integrin-induced activation of the extracellular regulated kinase pathway upstream of Shc. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 10 571 10 581.
21. Mohney R.P. Siegel R.E. Zigmond R.E. ( 1994) Galanin and vasoactive intestinal peptide messenger RNAs increase following axotomy of adult sympathetic neurons. J. Neurobiol., 25, 108 118.
22. Nishizuka Y. ( 1992) Intracellular signaling by hydrolysis of phospholipids and activation of protein kinase C. Science, 258, 607 614.
23. Ohtaki T. Kumano S. Ishibashi Y. Ogi K. Matsui H. Harada M. Kitada C. Kurokawa T. Onda H. Fujino M. ( 1999) Isolation and cDNA cloning of a novel galanin-like peptide (GALP) from porcine hypothalamus. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 37 041 37 045.
24. Pang L. Sawada T. Decker S.J. Saltiel A.R. ( 1995) Inhibition of MAP kinase kinase blocks the differentiation of PC-12 cells induced by nerve growth factor. J. Biol. Chem., 270, 13 585 13 588.
25. Schaeffer M.T. Cully D. Chou M. Liu J. Van der Ploeg L.H. Fong T.M. ( 1999) Use of bioluminescent aequorin for the pharmacological characterization of 5HT receptors. J. Recept. Signal. Transduct. Res., 19, 927 938.
26. Schlessinger J. ( 1993) Cellular signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases. Harvey Lect., 89, 105 123.
27. Seger R. Krebs E.G. ( 1995) The MAPK signaling cascade. Faseb J., 9, 726 735.
28. Shen P.J. Larm J.A. Gundlach A.L. ( 2003) Expression and plasticity of galanin systems in cortical neurons, oligodendrocyte progenitors and proliferative zones in normal brain and after spreading depression. Eur. J. Neurosci., 18, 1362 1376.
29. Shen P.J. Yuan C.G. Ma J. Cheng S. Yao M. Turnley A.M. Gundlach A.L. ( 2005) Galanin in neuro(glio)genesis: expression of galanin and receptors by progenitor cells in vivo and in vitro and effects of galanin on neurosphere proliferation. Neuropeptides, 39, 201 205.
30. Shetty A.K. Turner D.A. ( 1999) Neurite outgrowth from progeny of epidermal growth factor-responsive hippocampal stem cells is significantly less robust than from fetal hippocampal cells following grafting onto organotypic hippocampal slice cultures: effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J. Neurobiol., 38, 391 413.
31. Shi T.J. Cui J.G. Meyerson B.A. Linderoth B. Hokfelt T. ( 1999) Regulation of galanin and neuropeptide Y in dorsal root ganglia and dorsal horn in rat mononeuropathic models: possible relation to tactile hypersensitivity. Neuroscience, 93, 741 757.
32. Slack B.E. ( 1998) Tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and focal adhesion kinase by activation of muscarinic m3 receptors is dependent on integrin engagement by the extracellular matrix. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 95, 7281 7286.
33. Villar M.J. Cortes R. Theodorsson E. Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z. Schalling M. Fahrenkrug J. Emson P.C. Hokfelt T. ( 1989) Neuropeptide expression in rat dorsal root ganglion cells and spinal cord after peripheral nerve injury with special reference to galanin. Neuroscience, 33, 587 604.
34. Wang S. Clemmons A. Bayne M. Graziano M.P. ( 1998) Retrovirus-mediated expression of the GalR1 galanin receptor: implication for efficient stable expression of functional G protein-coupled receptors. J. Recept. Signal. Transduct. Res., 18, 311 320.
35. Xu Z.Q. Shi T.J. Landry M. Hokfelt T. ( 1996) Evidence for galanin receptors in primary sensory neurones and effect of axotomy and inflammation. Neuroreport, 8, 237 242.
36. Zhang X. Ju G. Elde R. Hokfelt T. ( 1993) Effect of peripheral nerve cut on neuropeptides in dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord of monkey with special reference to galanin. J. Neurocytol., 22, 342 381.