Evaluation of the safety of mixed tocopheryl phosphates (MTP)-A formulation of α-tocopheryl phosphate plus α-di-tocopheryl phosphate

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Volumn 44, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 916-932

  Libinaki, R ^a   Ogru, E ^b   Gianello, R ^a   Bolton, L ^c   Geytenbeek, S ^a  

^a MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b Phosphagenics Ltd   (Australia)

^c GRIBBLES PATHOLOGY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Safety; Tocopherol; Tocopherol esters; Tocopheryl phosphate; Vitamin E phosphate

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; PHOSPHATE;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL CELL; CHO CELL; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; ESCHERICHIA COLI; EYE IRRITATION; FEMALE; GENOTOXICITY; LABORATORY TEST; LD 50; MALE; MUTAGENESIS; NONHUMAN; RAT; SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM; SKIN TEST; TOXICITY TESTING;

ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; ANIMALS; ANTIOXIDANTS; BLOOD CELL COUNT; BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; BODY WEIGHT; CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS; DERMATITIS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; EYE DISEASES; FEMALE; HYPERSENSITIVITY; IRRITANTS; MALE; MICE; MICE, INBRED CBA; MUTAGENICITY TESTS; MUTAGENS; ORGAN SIZE; RABBITS; RATS; RATS, WISTAR;

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CRICETULUS GRISEUS; ESCHERICHIA COLI; MAMMALIA; ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS; SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM;

EID: 33744941292     PISSN: 02786915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.10.013     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. Ames B.N., McCann J., and Yamasaki E. Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/microsome-mutagenicity test. Mutat. Res. 31 (1975) 347-364
2. Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (CIREP). Final report on the safety assessment of tocopherol, tocopheryl acetate, tocopheryl linoleate, tocopheryl linoleate/oleate, tocopheryl nicotinate, tocopheryl succinate, dioleyl tocopheryl methylsilanol, potassium ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate, and tocophersolan. Int. J. Toxicol. 21 Suppl. 3 (2002) 51-116
3. Gianello R., Libinaki R., Azzi A., Gavin P.D., Negis Y., Zingg J.-M., Holt P., Keah H.-H., Griffey A., Smallridge A., West S., and Ogru E. α-Tocopheryl phosphate: a novel, natural form of vitamin E. Free Radical Biol. Med. 39 (2005) 970-976
4. Hathcock J.N., Azzi A., Blumberg J., Bray T., Dickinson A., Frei B., Jialal I., Johnston C.S., Kelly F.J., Kraemer K., Packer L., Parthasarathy S., Sies H., and Traber M. Vitamins E and C are safe across a broad range of intakes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81 (2005) 736-745
5. IOM, 2000. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and carotenoids. A report of the panel on dietary antioxidants and related compounds, subcommittees on upper reference levels of nutrients and interpretation and uses of dietary reference intakes, and the standing committee on the scientific evaluation of dietary reference intakes. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
6. ISCN, 1995. An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature. Felix Mitelman (Ed.), S. Karger, Switzerland.
7. Miller E.R., Pastor-Barriuso R., Dalal D., Riemersma R.A., Appel L.J., and Guallar E. Meta-Analysis: High-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann. Int. Med. 142 (2005) 37-46
8. Munteanu A., Zingg J.M., Ogru E., Libinaki R., Gianello R., West S., Negis Y., and Azzi A. Modulation of cell proliferation and gene expression by α-tocopheryl phosphates: relevance to atherosclerosis and inflammation. BBRC 318 (2004) 311-316
9. Nakayama S., Katoh E.M., Tsuzuki T., and Kobayashi S. Protective effect of by α-tocopherol-6-O-phosphate against ultraviolet B-induced damage in cultured mouse skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 121 (2003) 406-411
10. Negis Y., Zingg J.-M., Ogru E., Gianello R., Libinaki R., and Azzi A. On the existence of cellular tocopheryl phosphate, its synthesis, degradation and cellular roles: a hypothesis. IUBMB Life 57 (2005) 23-25
11. O'Brien P.J., and Herschlag D. Functional Interrelationships in the alkaline phosphatase superfamily: phosphodiesterase activity of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase. Biochemistry 40 (2001) 5691-5699
12. Ogru, E., Gianello, R., Libinaki, R., Smallridge, A., Bak, R., Geytenbeek, S., Kannar, D., West, S., 2003. Vitamin E phosphate: an endogenous form of vitamin E. Medimond S.r.l., Bologna, Italy.
13. Rezk B.M., Haenen G.R.M.M., van der Vijgh W.J.F., and Bast A. The extraordinary antioxidant activity of vitamin E phosphate. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1683 (2004) 16-21