Intraperitoneal L-carnitine regulates lipid metabolism and reduces oxidative stress in fructose-induced hyperlipidemic rats

Diabetologia Croatica

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 87-95

  Rajasekar, Panchamoorthy ^a   Ravichandran, Mambakkam Katchapeswaran ^a   Anuradha, Carani Venkatraman ^a  

^a ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

Antioxidants; Carnitine; Insulin resistance; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Lipoproteins

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; CARNITINE; FRUCTOSE; LIPOPROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE STEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIPID METABOLISM; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LIVER; MALE; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RAT; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; SUPPLEMENTATION;

EID: 33744913521     PISSN: 03510042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Thorburn AW, Storlein LH, Jenkins AB, Khouri S, Kraegen EW. Fructose induced in vivo insulin resistance and elevated plasma triglyceride levels in rats. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;49:1155-1163.
2. Kasim Karakas SE, Vriend H, Almario R, Chow LC, Goodman MN. Effects of dietary carbohydrates on glucose and lipid metabolism in golden Syrian hamsters. J Lab Clin Med 1996;128:208-213.
3. Martinez FJ, Rizza RA, Romero JC. High fructose feeding elicits insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hypertension in normal mongrel dog. Hypertension 1994;23:456-463.
4. Dai S, McNeill JH. Fructose induced hypertension is concentration and duration dependent. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 1995;33:101-107.
5. Kelley GL, Allan G, Azhar S. High dietary fructose induces a hepatic stress response resulting in cholesterol and lipid dysregulation. Endocrinology 2004;145:548-555.
6. Vasdev S, Ford CA, Longerich L, Gadag V, Wadhawan S. Role of aldehydes in fructose-induced hypertension. Mol Cell Biochem 1998;181:1-9.
7. Busserolles J, Gueux E, Demigne C, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y. Oligofructose protects against the hypertriglyceridemic and pro-oxidative effects of a high fructose diet in rats. Endocrinology 2004;145:548-555.
8. Faure P, Rossini E, Lafond JL, Richard MJ, Favier A, Halimi SJ. Vitamin E improves the free radical defense system potential and insulin sensitivity of rats fed high fructose diets. Nutrition 2004;127:103-107.
9. Reaven GM. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperteriglyceridemia and hypertension: parallels between human disease and rodent models. Diabetes Care Rev 1991;14:195-202.
10. Leighton James AKM, Bhuiyan J, Foster D, Seccombe D. Effect of L-carnitine treatment on very low density lipoprotein kinetics in the hyperlipidemic rabbit. Clin Biochem 1995;28:451-458.
11. Derosa G, Cicero AFG, Gaddi A, Mugellini A, Ciccarelli L, Fogari R. The effect of carnitine on plasma lipoprotein(a) levels in hypercholesterolemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Ther 2003;25:1429-1439.
12. Izgut-Uysal VN, Agac A, Derin N. Effect of carnitine on stress-induced lipid peroxidation in rat gastric mucosa. J Gastroenterol 2001;36:231-236.
13. Migrone G, Greco AV, Capristo E, et al. AL-carnitine improves glucose disposal in type 2 diabetic patients. J Am Coll Nutr 1999;18:77-82.
14. Rajasekar P, Kaviarasan S, Anuradha CV. L-carnitine administration prevents oxidative stress in high fructose-fed insulin resistant rats. Diabetol Croat 2005;34:21-28.
15. Folch J, Lees M, Stanley GSH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissue. J Biol Chem 1951;126:497-509.
16. Zlatki A, Zak B, Boyle AJ. A new method for the direct determination of serum cholesterol. J Lab Clin Med 1953;45:486.
17. Zilversmit DB, Davis AK. Microdetermination of plasma phospholipids by trichloroacetic acid precipitation. J Lab Clin Invest 1950;35:155.
18. Foster CS, Dunn O. Stable reagents for determination of serum triglycerides by a colorimetric Hantzich condensation method. Clin Chem 1973;19:338-340.
19. Falholt K, Falholt W, Lund B. An easy colorimetric method for routine determination of free fatty acids in plasma. Clin Chim Acta 1973;46:105.
20. Leffler HH, Mc Dougald GH. Estimation of cholesterol in serum by means of improved techniques. Am J Clin Pathol 1963;39:311-315.
21. Korn ED. Clearing factors: a heparin activated lipoprotein lipase. Isolation and characterization of enzyme from normal rats. J Biol Chem 1955;215:1-26.
22. Hitz J, Sterinmetz J, Surt G. Plasma LCAT-reference values and effects of xenobiotics. Clin Chim Acta 1983;133:85-96.
23. Kritchevsky D, Kothari HV. Aortic cholesterol esterase studies in white carnean and show Racer pigeons. Biochem Biophys Acta 1973;326:489-491.
24. Rao V, Ramakrishnan S. Indirect assessment of hydroxy methyl glutaryl CoA reductase activity in liver tissue. J Clin Chem 1975;21:1523-1527.
25. Levine RL, Garland D, Oliver CN, et al. Determination of carbonyl content in oxidatively modified proteins. Methods Enzymol 1990;186:464-478.
26. Vasdev S, Ford CA, Longerich L, Gadag V, Wadhawan S. Role of aldehydes in fructose induced hypertension. Mol Cell Biochem 1998;181:1-9.
27. Rock E, Astier C, Lab C, et al. Magnesium deficiency in rats induces a rise in plasma nitric oxide. Magnes Res 1995;8:237-242.
28. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin's-Phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951;193:265-275.
29. Sedlack J, Lindsay RH. Estimation of total protein sulfhydryl groups in tissues with Ellman's reagent. Anal Biochem 1968;25:192-205.
30. Thirunavukkarasu V, Anuradha CV. Influence of α-lipoic acid on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system in blood of insulin resistant rats. Diab Obes Metabol 2004;6:200-207.
31. Spence JT, Koudelka AP, Tseng-Crank JC. Role of protein synthesis in the carbohydrate-induced changes in the activities of acetyl coA-carboxylase and hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase in cultured rat hepatocytes. Biochem J 1985;227:939-947.
32. Lee Y, Hirose H, Zhou YT Esser V, McGarry JD, Linger RH. Increased lipogenic capacity of the islets of obese rats: a role in pathogenesis of NIDDM. Diabetes 1997;46:408-413.
33. Casaschi A, Maiyoh GK, Adeli K, Theriqult AG. Increased diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity is associated with triglyceride accumulation in tissue of diet-induced insulin-resistant hyperlipidemic hamsters. Metabol Clin Exp 2005;54:403-409.
34. Unger RH. Lipotoxic diseases. Annu Rev Med 2002;53:319-336.
35. Shulman GI. Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 2000;103:17-22.
36. Randle PJ. Regulatory interactions between lipids and carbohydrates: the glucose fatty acid cycle after 35 years. Diabetes Metab Rev 1998;14:263-283.
37. Fields M, Lavis CG, Lore M, Antholine WS. The influence of gender on developing copper deficiency and on free radical generation of rats fed a fructose diet. Metabolism 1992;44:989-994.
38. Suzuki K, Islam KN, Kaneto H, Ookawara T, Taniguchi N. The contribution of fructose and nitric oxide to oxidative stress in hamster islet tumor (HIT) cells through the inactivation of glutathione peroxidase. Electrophoresis 2000;21:285-288.
39. Qiu C, Muchant D, Beierwattes WH, Racusen L, Baylis C. Evolution of chronic nitric oxide inhibition hypertension: relationship to renal fuction. Hypertension 1998;31:21-26.
40. Shinozaki K, Kashiwagi A, Nishio Y, et al. Abnormal biopterin metabolism is a major cause of impaired endothelium dependent relaxation through nitric oxide/O2- imbalance in insulin resistant rat aorta. Diabetes 1999;48:2437-2445.
41. Rudich A, Tirosh A, Potashnik R, Hemi R, Kanety H, Bashan N. Prolonged oxidative stress impairs insulin induced GLUT 4 translocation in 3TS-LT adipocytes. Diabetes 1998;47:1562-1569.
42. Ferannini E, Buzzigoli G, Bevilacqua S, et al. Interaction of carnitine with insulin-stimulated metabolism in humans. Am J Physiol 1988;255:946-952.
43. Reznick AZ, Kagan VE, Ramsey R, et al. Antiradical effects in L-propionyl carnitine, protection of the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury: the possible role of iron chelation. Arch Biochem Biophys 1992;296:394-401.
44. Conti P, Reale M, Stuard S, et al. Reduced human lymphocyte blastogenesis and enhancement of adenosine triphosphate by L-carnitine. Mol Cell Biochem 1994;131:1-8.
45. Khairallah EA, Wolf G. Growth-promoting and lipotropic effect of carnitine in rats fed diet limited in protein and methionine. J Nutr 1984;87:469-476.
46. Araki E, Murakami T, Shirotani T, et al. A cluster of four SP1 biniding sites required for efficient expression of the human insulin receptor gene. J Biol Chem 1991;6:3944-3948.
47. Dayanandan A, Kumar P, Panneerselvam C. Protective role of L-carnitine on liver and heart lipid peroxidation in atherosclerotic rats. J Nutr Biochem 2001;12:254-257.
48. Sushamakumari S, Jaydeep A, Suresh Kumar JS, Venugopal PM. Effect of carnitine on malondialdehyde, taurine and glutathione levels in the heart of rats subjected to myocardial stress by isoproternol. Indian J Exp Biol 1989;27:134-137.
49. Cameron NE, Cotter MA. Neurovascular effects of L-carnitine treatment in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 1997;29:239-244.
50. Tamamogullari N, Silig Y, Icagasioglu S, Atalay A. Carnitine deficiency in diabetes mellitus complications. J Diabetes Complications 1999;13:251-253.