메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 321-331

Implementation of X-ray fluorescence microscopy for investigation of elemental abnormalities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Author keywords

ALS; Elemental analysis; Nerve cell; Spinal cord section; Synchrotron radiation

Indexed keywords

BROMINE; CALCIUM; CHLORINE; COPPER; IRON; PHOSPHORUS; POTASSIUM; SULFUR; ZINC;

EID: 33744785108     PISSN: 03643190     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11064-005-9030-6     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0036176613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Menzies FM, Ince PG, Shaw PJ (2002) Mitochondrial involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurochem Int 40:543-551
    • (2002) Neurochem Int , vol.40 , pp. 543-551
    • Menzies, F.M.1    Ince, P.G.2    Shaw, P.J.3
  • 2
    • 0032904412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the role of mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases: Mitochondrial mutations and oxidative pathology, protective nuclear responses, and cell death in neurodegeneration
    • Cassarino DS, Bennett JP (1999) An evaluation of the role of mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases: mitochondrial mutations and oxidative pathology, protective nuclear responses, and cell death in neurodegeneration. Brain Res Rev 29:1-25
    • (1999) Brain Res Rev , vol.29 , pp. 1-25
    • Cassarino, D.S.1    Bennett, J.P.2
  • 3
    • 0031418498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegenerative disorders in humans: The role of glutathione in oxidative stress-mediated neuronal death
    • Bains JS, Shaw CA (1997) Neurodegenerative disorders in humans: the role of glutathione in oxidative stress-mediated neuronal death. Brain Res. Rev 25:335-358
    • (1997) Brain Res Rev , vol.25 , pp. 335-358
    • Bains, J.S.1    Shaw, C.A.2
  • 4
    • 0042165931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: The role of oxidative stress and altered homeostasis of metals
    • Carri MT, Ferri A, Cozzolino M, Calabrese L, Rotilio G (2003) Neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the role of oxidative stress and altered homeostasis of metals. Brain Res Bull 61:365-374
    • (2003) Brain Res Bull , vol.61 , pp. 365-374
    • Carri, M.T.1    Ferri, A.2    Cozzolino, M.3    Calabrese, L.4    Rotilio, G.5
  • 6
    • 0032731637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALS-linked Cu/Zn-SOD mutation increases vulnerability of motor neurons to excitotoxicity by a mechanisms involving increased oxidative stress and perturbed calcium homeostasis
    • Kruman II, Pedersen WA, Springer JE, Mattson MP (1999) ALS-linked Cu/Zn-SOD mutation increases vulnerability of motor neurons to excitotoxicity by a mechanisms involving increased oxidative stress and perturbed calcium homeostasis. Exp Neurol 160:28-39
    • (1999) Exp Neurol , vol.160 , pp. 28-39
    • Kruman, I.I.1    Pedersen, W.A.2    Springer, J.E.3    Mattson, M.P.4
  • 7
    • 0033989243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene mutations
    • Orrell RW (2000) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene mutations. Neuromuscular Dis 10:63-68
    • (2000) Neuromuscular Dis , vol.10 , pp. 63-68
    • Orrell, R.W.1
  • 8
    • 0034281085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Toxins and environment Amyotroph
    • Mitchell JD (2000) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: toxins and environment Amyotroph. Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord 1(4):235-250
    • (2000) Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. 235-250
    • Mitchell, J.D.1
  • 9
    • 0035872474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms by which metals promote events connected to neurodegenerative diseases
    • Campbell A, Smith MA, Sayre LM, Bondy SC, Perry G (2001) Mechanisms by which metals promote events connected to neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res Bull 55/2:125-132
    • (2001) Brain Res Bull , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-132
    • Campbell, A.1    Smith, M.A.2    Sayre, L.M.3    Bondy, S.C.4    Perry, G.5
  • 11
    • 0034035616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metals and neuroscience
    • Bush AI (2000) Metals and neuroscience. Curr Op Chem Biol 4:184-191
    • (2000) Curr Op Chem Biol , vol.4 , pp. 184-191
    • Bush, A.I.1
  • 12
    • 2142748057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synchrotron techniques for metalloproteins and human disease in post genome era
    • Hasnain SS (2004) Synchrotron techniques for metalloproteins and human disease in post genome era. J Synchrotron Radit 1:7-11
    • (2004) J Synchrotron Radit , vol.1 , pp. 7-11
    • Hasnain, S.S.1
  • 13
    • 0033278283 scopus 로고
    • A study of the dual role of copper in superoxide dismutase as antioxidant and pro-oxidant in cellular models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Carri MT, Battistoni A, Ferri A (1994) A study of the dual role of copper in superoxide dismutase as antioxidant and pro-oxidant in cellular models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Adv Exp Med Biol 448:205-213
    • (1994) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.448 , pp. 205-213
    • Carri, M.T.1    Battistoni, A.2    Ferri, A.3
  • 14
    • 0035978743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Rowland LP, Shneider NA (2001) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. N Engl J Med 344(22):1688-1700
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , Issue.22 , pp. 1688-1700
    • Rowland, L.P.1    Shneider, N.A.2
  • 15
    • 0010465540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instrumentation for μ-XRF at synchrotron sources
    • Janssens KHA, Adams FCV, Rindby A (eds), John Wiley, Chichester
    • Iida A (2000) Instrumentation for μ-XRF at synchrotron sources. In: Janssens KHA, Adams FCV, Rindby A (eds), Microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis, John Wiley, Chichester, pp 117-153
    • (2000) Microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis , pp. 117-153
    • Iida, A.1
  • 18
    • 0041975137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination of synchrotron radiation X-ray microprobe and nuclear microprobe for chromium and chromium oxidation states quantitative mapping in single cells
    • Ortega R, Deves G, Fayard B, Salome M, Susini J (2003) Combination of synchrotron radiation X-ray microprobe and nuclear microprobe for chromium and chromium oxidation states quantitative mapping in single cells. Nucl Instrum Meth Phys Res B 210:325-329
    • (2003) Nucl Instrum Meth Phys Res B , vol.210 , pp. 325-329
    • Ortega, R.1    Deves, G.2    Fayard, B.3    Salome, M.4    Susini, J.5
  • 20
    • 0035529874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • XAFS spectroscopy of a single neuron from a patient with Parkinson's disease
    • Yoshida S, Ektessabi A, Fujisawa S (2001) XAFS spectroscopy of a single neuron from a patient with Parkinson's disease. J Synchrotron Radiat 8:998-1000
    • (2001) J Synchrotron Radiat , vol.8 , pp. 998-1000
    • Yoshida, S.1    Ektessabi, A.2    Fujisawa, S.3
  • 21
    • 0242494017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and chemical state analysis of iron in the Parkinsonian substantia nigra using synchrotron radiation micro beams
    • Ide-Ektessabi A, Kawakami T, Watt F (2004) Distribution and chemical state analysis of iron in the Parkinsonian substantia nigra using synchrotron radiation micro beams. Nucl Instrum Meth Phys Res B 213:590-594
    • (2004) Nucl Instrum Meth Phys Res B , vol.213 , pp. 590-594
    • Ide-Ektessabi, A.1    Kawakami, T.2    Watt, F.3
  • 24
    • 0028142392 scopus 로고
    • El Escorial World Federation of Neurology criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Subcommittee on Motor Neuron Diseases/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis of the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Neuromuscular Diseases and the El Escorial "Clinical limits of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" workshop contributors
    • Brooks BR (1994) El Escorial World Federation of Neurology criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Subcommittee on Motor Neuron Diseases/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis of the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Neuromuscular Diseases and the El Escorial "Clinical limits of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" workshop contributors. J Neurol Sci 124(Suppl.):96-107
    • (1994) J Neurol Sci , vol.124 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 96-107
    • Brooks, B.R.1
  • 25
    • 28844466526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pink-beam and monochromatic micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis at the beamline L.
    • Krell U, Schneider JR, von Zimmerman M (Eds) HASYLAB at DESY, Hamburg
    • Falkenberg G, Rickers K (2002) Pink-beam and monochromatic micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis at the beamline L. In: Krell U, Schneider JR, von Zimmerman M (Eds) Hasylab Annual Report 2002 Part I, HASYLAB at DESY, Hamburg, pp 88-95
    • (2002) Hasylab Annual Report 2002 Part I , pp. 88-95
    • Falkenberg, G.1    Rickers, K.2
  • 27
    • 0027957647 scopus 로고
    • Nanometer spatial-resolution achieved in hard X-ray-imaging and Laue diffraction experiments
    • Bilderback DH, Hoffman SA, Thiel DJ (1994) Nanometer spatial-resolution achieved in hard X-ray-imaging and Laue diffraction experiments. Science 263:201-203
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 201-203
    • Bilderback, D.H.1    Hoffman, S.A.2    Thiel, D.J.3
  • 29
    • 23544462582 scopus 로고
    • Limits for qualitative detection and quantitative determination
    • Currie LA (1968) Limits for qualitative detection and quantitative determination. Anal Chem 40:586-593
    • (1968) Anal Chem , vol.40 , pp. 586-593
    • Currie, L.A.1
  • 31
    • 0035097912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zinc-induced augmentation of excitatory synaptic currents and glutamate receptor responses in hippocampal CA3 neurons
    • Lin DD, Cohen AS, Coulter DA (2001) Zinc-induced augmentation of excitatory synaptic currents and glutamate receptor responses in hippocampal CA3 neurons. J Neurophysiol 85(3):1185-1196
    • (2001) J Neurophysiol , vol.85 , Issue.3 , pp. 1185-1196
    • Lin, D.D.1    Cohen, A.S.2    Coulter, D.A.3
  • 34
    • 0035027723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zn(2+) induces stimulation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway through phosphoinositide 3-Kinase
    • Eom SJ, Kim EY, Lee JE, Kang HJ, Shim J, Kim SU, Gwag BJ, Choi EJ (2001) Zn(2+) induces stimulation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway through phosphoinositide 3-Kinase. Mol Pharmacol 59(5):981-986
    • (2001) Mol Pharmacol , vol.59 , Issue.5 , pp. 981-986
    • Eom, S.J.1    Kim, E.Y.2    Lee, J.E.3    Kang, H.J.4    Shim, J.5    Kim, S.U.6    Gwag, B.J.7    Choi, E.J.8
  • 35
    • 0016242482 scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein pigments - Their relationship to ageing in the human nervous system II. The melanin content of pigmented nerve cells
    • Mann DMA, Yates PO (1974) Lipoprotein pigments - their relationship to ageing in the human nervous system II. The melanin content of pigmented nerve cells. Brain 97:489-498
    • (1974) Brain , vol.97 , pp. 489-498
    • Mann, D.M.A.1    Yates, P.O.2
  • 36
    • 0034238089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ permeable AMPA/kainate channels and selective neurodegeneration
    • 2+ permeable AMPA/kainate channels and selective neurodegeneration. Trends Neurosci 23:365-371
    • (2000) Trends Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 365-371
    • Weiss, J.H.1    Sensi, S.L.2
  • 37
    • 0024779411 scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of zinc and zinc-containingneurons
    • Frederickson CJ (1989) Neurobiology of zinc and zinc-containingneurons. Int Rev Neurobiol 31:145-238
    • (1989) Int Rev Neurobiol , vol.31 , pp. 145-238
    • Frederickson, C.J.1
  • 38
    • 0026766977 scopus 로고
    • Zinc proteins: Enzymes, storage proteins, transcription factors, and replication proteins
    • Coleman JE (1992) Zinc proteins: enzymes, storage proteins, transcription factors, and replication proteins. Ann Rev Biochem 61:897-946
    • (1992) Ann Rev Biochem , vol.61 , pp. 897-946
    • Coleman, J.E.1
  • 40
    • 0034456918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Copper-dependent oxidative stress and neurodegeneration
    • Rotilio G, Carri MT, Rossi L, Ciriolo MR (2000) Copper-dependent oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. IUBMB Life 50(4-5):309-314
    • (2000) IUBMB Life , vol.50 , Issue.4-5 , pp. 309-314
    • Rotilio, G.1    Carri, M.T.2    Rossi, L.3    Ciriolo, M.R.4
  • 42
    • 0035906331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Copper and genomic stability
    • Linder MC (2001) Copper and genomic stability. Mutation Res 475:141-152
    • (2001) Mutation Res , vol.475 , pp. 141-152
    • Linder, M.C.1
  • 43
    • 0032484497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low activity of key phospholipid catabolic and anabolic enzymes in human substantia nigra: Possible implications for Parkinson's disease
    • Ross BM, Moszczynska A, Ehrlich J, Kish SJ (1998) Low activity of key phospholipid catabolic and anabolic enzymes in human substantia nigra: possible implications for Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 83:791-798
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.83 , pp. 791-798
    • Ross, B.M.1    Moszczynska, A.2    Ehrlich, J.3    Kish, S.J.4
  • 44
    • 0019842691 scopus 로고
    • Cell damage in the brain: A speculative synthesis
    • Siesjo BK (1981) Cell damage in the brain: A speculative synthesis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1:155-185
    • (1981) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.1 , pp. 155-185
    • Siesjo, B.K.1
  • 45
    • 0030567766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium related damage in ischemia
    • Kristian T, Siesjo BK (1996) Calcium related damage in ischemia. Life Sci 59:357-367
    • (1996) Life Sci , vol.59 , pp. 357-367
    • Kristian, T.1    Siesjo, B.K.2
  • 48
    • 0035058876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of metallothioneins promotes the disease expression of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice in a dose-dependent manner
    • Nagano S, Satoh M, Sumi H (2001) Reduction of metallothioneins promotes the disease expression of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice in a dose-dependent manner. Eur J Neurosci 13(7):1363-1370
    • (2001) Eur J Neurosci , vol.13 , Issue.7 , pp. 1363-1370
    • Nagano, S.1    Satoh, M.2    Sumi, H.3
  • 49
    • 0029587548 scopus 로고
    • Studies on cellular free radical protection mechanisms in the anterior horn from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Shaw IC, Fitzmaurice PS, Mitchell JD, Lynch PG (1995) Studies on cellular free radical protection mechanisms in the anterior horn from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurodegeneration 4(4):391-396
    • (1995) Neurodegeneration , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 391-396
    • Shaw, I.C.1    Fitzmaurice, P.S.2    Mitchell, J.D.3    Lynch, P.G.4
  • 50
    • 0031816139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of MnSOD polymorphisms in sporadic ALS patients
    • Tomblyn M, Kasarskis EJ, Xu Y, St Clair DK (1998) Distribution of MnSOD polymorphisms in sporadic ALS patients. J Mol Neurosci 10(1):65-66
    • (1998) J Mol Neurosci , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-66
    • Tomblyn, M.1    Kasarskis, E.J.2    Xu, Y.3    St Clair, D.K.4
  • 51
    • 0031951054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CuZnSOD and MnSOD immunoreactivity in brain stem motor neurons from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
    • Berl
    • Liu Y, Brooks BR, Taniguchi N, Hartmann HA (1998) CuZnSOD and MnSOD immunoreactivity in brain stem motor neurons from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 95(1):63-70
    • (1998) Acta Neuropathol , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-70
    • Liu, Y.1    Brooks, B.R.2    Taniguchi, N.3    Hartmann, H.A.4
  • 52
    • 0034951763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood levels of toxic and essential metals in motor neuron disease
    • Pamphlett R, McQuilty R, Zarkos K (2001) Blood levels of toxic and essential metals in motor neuron disease. Neurotoxicology 22(3):401-410
    • (2001) Neurotoxicology , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 401-410
    • Pamphlett, R.1    McQuilty, R.2    Zarkos, K.3
  • 53
    • 0030926555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace elements, age, and sex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease
    • Kanias GD, Kapaki E (1997) Trace elements, age, and sex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 56(2):187-201
    • (1997) Biol Trace Elem Res , vol.56 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-201
    • Kanias, G.D.1    Kapaki, E.2
  • 54
    • 0018489564 scopus 로고
    • Metals in spinal cord tissue of patients dying of motor neuron disease
    • Kurlander HM, Patten BM (1979) Metals in spinal cord tissue of patients dying of motor neuron disease. Ann Neurol 6(1):21-24
    • (1979) Ann Neurol , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-24
    • Kurlander, H.M.1    Patten, B.M.2
  • 56
    • 0029620288 scopus 로고
    • Neutron activation analysis of trace elements in motor neuron disease spinal cord
    • Markesbery WR, Ehmann WD, Candy JM (1995) Neutron activation analysis of trace elements in motor neuron disease spinal cord. Neurodegeneration 4(4):383-390
    • (1995) Neurodegeneration , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 383-390
    • Markesbery, W.R.1    Ehmann, W.D.2    Candy, J.M.3
  • 58
    • 0029017315 scopus 로고
    • Aluminum, calcium, and iron in the spinal cord of patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using laser microprobe mass spectroscopy: A preliminary study
    • Kasarskis EJ, Tandon L, Lovell MA, Ehmann WD (1995) Aluminum, calcium, and iron in the spinal cord of patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using laser microprobe mass spectroscopy: a preliminary study. J Neurol Sci 130(2):203-208
    • (1995) J Neurol Sci , vol.130 , Issue.2 , pp. 203-208
    • Kasarskis, E.J.1    Tandon, L.2    Lovell, M.A.3    Ehmann, W.D.4
  • 59
    • 18544371009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress
    • Valko M, Morris H, Cronin MT (2005) Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem 12(10):1161-1208
    • (2005) Curr Med Chem , vol.12 , Issue.10 , pp. 1161-1208
    • Valko, M.1    Morris, H.2    Cronin, M.T.3
  • 60
    • 0027984081 scopus 로고
    • Iron, selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity are elevated in sporadic motor neuron disease
    • Ince PG, Shaw PJ, Candy JM, Mantle D, Ehmann W, Markesbury W (1994) Iron, selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity are elevated in sporadic motor neuron disease. Neurosci Lett 182(1):87-90
    • (1994) Neurosci Lett , vol.182 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-90
    • Ince, P.G.1    Shaw, P.J.2    Candy, J.M.3    Mantle, D.4    Ehmann, W.5    Markesbury, W.6
  • 61
    • 0022000331 scopus 로고
    • Heavy metal concentrations in blood cells in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Nagata H, Miyata S, Nakamura S, Kameyama M, Katsui Y (1985) Heavy metal concentrations in blood cells in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 67(2):173-178
    • (1985) J Neurol Sci , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 173-178
    • Nagata, H.1    Miyata, S.2    Nakamura, S.3    Kameyama, M.4    Katsui, Y.5
  • 62
    • 0025164014 scopus 로고
    • Determination of manganese concentrations in the spinal cords from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy
    • Kihira T, Mukoyama M, Ando K, Yase Y, Yasui M (1990) Determination of manganese concentrations in the spinal cords from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. J Neurol Sci 98(2-3):251-258
    • (1990) J Neurol Sci , vol.98 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 251-258
    • Kihira, T.1    Mukoyama, M.2    Ando, K.3    Yase, Y.4    Yasui, M.5
  • 63
    • 0029689345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of trace elements in the central nerve tissues with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
    • Ejima A, Watanabe C, Koyama H, Satoh H (1996) Analysis of trace elements in the central nerve tissues with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Tohoku J Exp Med 178(1):1-10
    • (1996) Tohoku J Exp Med , vol.178 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-10
    • Ejima, A.1    Watanabe, C.2    Koyama, H.3    Satoh, H.4
  • 64
    • 0020523160 scopus 로고
    • Increased manganese level in spinal cords of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis determined by radiochemical neutron activation analysis
    • Miyata S, Nakamura S, Nagata H, Kameyama M (1983) Increased manganese level in spinal cords of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis determined by radiochemical neutron activation analysis. J Neurol Sci 61(2):283-293
    • (1983) J Neurol Sci , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 283-293
    • Miyata, S.1    Nakamura, S.2    Nagata, H.3    Kameyama, M.4
  • 65
    • 0022648975 scopus 로고
    • Trace elements in the spinal cord and other tissues in motor neuron disease
    • Mitchell JD, East BW, Harris IA (1986) Trace elements in the spinal cord and other tissues in motor neuron disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 49(2):211-215
    • (1986) J Neurol Neurosurg Psych , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-215
    • Mitchell, J.D.1    East, B.W.2    Harris, I.A.3
  • 67
    • 0022407541 scopus 로고
    • Intraneuronal deposition of calcium and aluminium in amyotropic lateral sclerosis of Guam
    • Garruto RM, Swyt C, Fiori CE, Yanagihara R, Gajdusek DC (1985) Intraneuronal deposition of calcium and aluminium in amyotropic lateral sclerosis of Guam. Lancet 2(8468):1353
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8468 , pp. 1353
    • Garruto, R.M.1    Swyt, C.2    Fiori, C.E.3    Yanagihara, R.4    Gajdusek, D.C.5
  • 68
    • 0014047513 scopus 로고
    • The CSF iron in patients with neurological diseases
    • Kjellin KG (1967) The CSF iron in patients with neurological diseases. Acta Neurol Scand 43(3):299-313
    • (1967) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 299-313
    • Kjellin, K.G.1
  • 69
    • 0029550582 scopus 로고
    • Disappearance of ALS from Guam: Implications for exogenous causes
    • Chen KM (1995) Disappearance of ALS from Guam: implications for exogenous causes. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 35(12):1549-1553
    • (1995) Rinsho Shinkeigaku , vol.35 , Issue.12 , pp. 1549-1553
    • Chen, K.M.1
  • 70
    • 0037000643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of neuropathological changes in ALS. The review of own autopsy material
    • Adamek D, Tomik B, Pichór A, Kałuża J, Szczudlik A (2002) Heterogeneity of neuropathological changes in ALS. The review of own autopsy material. Folia Neuropathologica 40:119-124
    • (2002) Folia Neuropathologica , vol.40 , pp. 119-124
    • Adamek, D.1    Tomik, B.2    Pichór, A.3    Kałuza, J.4    Szczudlik, A.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.