메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 243-252

Low-dose flutamide-metformin therapy for hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism in non-obese adolescents and women

Author keywords

Drospirenone; Flutamide; Metformin; Oral contraception; Polycystic ovary syndrome

Indexed keywords

CYPROTERONE ACETATE; DROSPIRENONE; ETHINYLESTRADIOL; FLUTAMIDE; GESTODENE; METFORMIN; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; SPIRONOLACTONE;

EID: 33645801997     PISSN: 13554786     EISSN: 14602369     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmi054     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (80)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 21244500111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen excess fetal programming of female reproduction: A developmental aetiology for polycystic ovary syndrome?
    • Abbott DH, Barnett DK, Bruns CM and Dumesic DA (2005) Androgen excess fetal programming of female reproduction: A developmental aetiology for polycystic ovary syndrome? Hum Reprod Update 11,357-374.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod Update , vol.11 , pp. 357-374
    • Abbott, D.H.1    Barnett, D.K.2    Bruns, C.M.3    Dumesic, D.A.4
  • 6
    • 23844453653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care-related economic burden of the polycystic ovary syndrome during the reproductive life span
    • Azziz R, Marin C, Hoq L, Badamgarav E and Song P (2005) Health care-related economic burden of the polycystic ovary syndrome during the reproductive life span. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90,4650-4658.
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 4650-4658
    • Azziz, R.1    Marin, C.2    Hoq, L.3    Badamgarav, E.4    Song, P.5
  • 7
    • 0036073073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence
    • Baumann EE and Rosenfield RL (2002) Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence. Endocrinologist 12,333-348.
    • (2002) Endocrinologist , vol.12 , pp. 333-348
    • Baumann, E.E.1    Rosenfield, R.L.2
  • 8
    • 2442434415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased C-reactive protein levels in the polycystic ovary syndrome: A marker of cardiovascular disease
    • Boulman N, Levy Y, Leiba R, Shachar S, Linn R, Zinder O and Blumenfeld Z (2004) Increased C-reactive protein levels in the polycystic ovary syndrome: A marker of cardiovascular disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89,2160-2165.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 2160-2165
    • Boulman, N.1    Levy, Y.2    Leiba, R.3    Shachar, S.4    Linn, R.5    Zinder, O.6    Blumenfeld, Z.7
  • 10
    • 1842678279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should insulin-sensitizing drugs be used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome?
    • Cheang KI and Nestler JE (2004) Should insulin-sensitizing drugs be used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome? Reprod Biomed Online 8,440-447.
    • (2004) Reprod Biomed Online , vol.8 , pp. 440-447
    • Cheang, K.I.1    Nestler, J.E.2
  • 12
    • 12444286845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of combination therapy with metformin and combined oral contraceptives (COC) versus COC alone on insulin sensitivity, hyperandrogenemia, SHBG and lipids in PCOS patients
    • Cibula D, Fanta M, Vrbikoba J, Stanicka S, Dvorakova K, Hill M, Skrha J, Zivny J and Skrenkova J (2005) The effect of combination therapy with metformin and combined oral contraceptives (COC) versus COC alone on insulin sensitivity, hyperandrogenemia, SHBG and lipids in PCOS patients. Hum Reprod 20,180-184.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod , vol.20 , pp. 180-184
    • Cibula, D.1    Fanta, M.2    Vrbikoba, J.3    Stanicka, S.4    Dvorakova, K.5    Hill, M.6    Skrha, J.7    Zivny, J.8    Skrenkova, J.9
  • 13
    • 0028140279 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of flutamide and spironolactone in the treatment of hirsutism: A randomized controlled trial
    • Cusan L, Dupont A, Gomez JL, Tremblay RR and Labrie F (1994) Comparison of flutamide and spironolactone in the treatment of hirsutism: A randomized controlled trial. Fertil Steril 61,281-287.
    • (1994) Fertil Steril , vol.61 , pp. 281-287
    • Cusan, L.1    Dupont, A.2    Gomez, J.L.3    Tremblay, R.R.4    Labrie, F.5
  • 15
    • 0031726522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a pure antiandrogen receptor blocker, flutamide, on the lipid profile in the polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Mitrakou A, Raptis S, Tolis G and Duleba AJ (1998) The effect of a pure antiandrogen receptor blocker, flutamide, on the lipid profile in the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83,2699-2705.
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 2699-2705
    • Diamanti-Kandarakis, E.1    Mitrakou, A.2    Raptis, S.3    Tolis, G.4    Duleba, A.J.5
  • 17
    • 0035127474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current concepts in the polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Dunaif A and Thomas A (2000) Current concepts in the polycystic ovary syndrome. Annu Rev Med 52,401-419.
    • (2000) Annu Rev Med , vol.52 , pp. 401-419
    • Dunaif, A.1    Thomas, A.2
  • 19
    • 0036063322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin added to ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled study
    • Elter K, Imir G and Durmusoglu F (2002) Clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin added to ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled study. Hum Reprod 17,1729-1737.
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , pp. 1729-1737
    • Elter, K.1    Imir, G.2    Durmusoglu, F.3
  • 21
    • 1042276554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of flutamide and metformin administered alone or in combination in dieting obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Gambineri A, Pelusi C, Genghini S, Morselli-Labate AM, Cacciari M, Pagotto U and Pasquali R (2004) Effect of flutamide and metformin administered alone or in combination in dieting obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol 60,241-249.
    • (2004) Clin Endocrinol , vol.60 , pp. 241-249
    • Gambineri, A.1    Pelusi, C.2    Genghini, S.3    Morselli-Labate, A.M.4    Cacciari, M.5    Pagotto, U.6    Pasquali, R.7
  • 22
    • 33645821745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin: A novel adipokine linking adipocytes and vascular function
    • Goldstein BJ and Scalia R (2004) Adiponectin: A novel adipokine linking adipocytes and vascular function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87,2870-2874.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , pp. 2870-2874
    • Goldstein, B.J.1    Scalia, R.2
  • 23
    • 0026594568 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of liver toxicity associated with the use of flutamide in prostate cancer patients
    • Gomez JL, Dupont A, Cusan L, Tremblay M, Suburu R, Lemay M and Labrie F (1992) Incidence of liver toxicity associated with the use of flutamide in prostate cancer patients. Am J Med 92,465-470.
    • (1992) Am J Med , vol.92 , pp. 465-470
    • Gomez, J.L.1    Dupont, A.2    Cusan, L.3    Tremblay, M.4    Suburu, R.5    Lemay, M.6    Labrie, F.7
  • 24
    • 24344501691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycemia alters tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from mononuclear cells in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Gonzalez F, Minium J, Rote NS and Kirwan JP (2005) Hyperglycemia alters tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from mononuclear cells in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90,5336-5342.
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 5336-5342
    • Gonzalez, F.1    Minium, J.2    Rote, N.S.3    Kirwan, J.P.4
  • 25
    • 10744232993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flutamide-metformin to reduce fat mass in hyperinsulinemic ovarian hyperandrogenism: Effects in adolescents and in women on third-generation oral contraception
    • Ibáñez L and de Zegher F (2003a) Flutamide-metformin to reduce fat mass in hyperinsulinemic ovarian hyperandrogenism: Effects in adolescents and in women on third-generation oral contraception. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88, 4720-4724.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 4720-4724
    • Ibáñez, L.1    de Zegher, F.2
  • 26
    • 0037247208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose combination of flutamide, metformin and an oral contraceptive for non-obese, young women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Ibáñez L and de Zegher F (2003b) Low-dose combination of flutamide, metformin and an oral contraceptive for non-obese, young women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod 18,57-60.
    • (2003) Hum Reprod , vol.18 , pp. 57-60
    • Ibáñez, L.1    de Zegher, F.2
  • 27
    • 11144354560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethinylestradiol-drospirenone, flutamide-metformin, or both for adolescents and young women with hyperinsulinemic hyper-androgenism: Opposite effects on adipocytokines and body adiposity
    • Ibáñez L and de Zegher F (2004a) Ethinylestradiol-drospirenone, flutamide-metformin, or both for adolescents and young women with hyperinsulinemic hyper-androgenism: Opposite effects on adipocytokines and body adiposity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89,1592-1597.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 1592-1597
    • Ibáñez, L.1    de Zegher, F.2
  • 28
    • 4344628946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flutamide-metformin plus an oral contraceptive (OC) for young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Switch from third- to fourth-generation OC reduces body adiposity
    • Ibáñez L and de Zegher F (2004b) Flutamide-metformin plus an oral contraceptive (OC) for young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: switch from third- to fourth-generation OC reduces body adiposity. Hum Reprod 19,1725-1727.
    • (2004) Hum Reprod , vol.19 , pp. 1725-1727
    • Ibáñez, L.1    de Zegher, F.2
  • 29
    • 12244285665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flutamide-metformin plus ethinylestradiol-drospirenone for lipolysis and anti-atherogenesis in young women with ovarian hyperandrogenism: The key role of metformin at start and after more than one year of therapy
    • Ibáñez L and de Zegher F (2005) Flutamide-metformin plus ethinylestradiol-drospirenone for lipolysis and anti-atherogenesis in young women with ovarian hyperandrogenism: The key role of metformin at start and after more than one year of therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90,39-43.
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 39-43
    • Ibáñez, L.1    de Zegher, F.2
  • 30
    • 0031769471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precocious pubarche, hyperinsulinism and ovarian hyperandrogenism in girls: Relation to reduced fetal growth
    • Ibáñez L, de Zegher F, Francois I and Potau N (1998) Precocious pubarche, hyperinsulinism and ovarian hyperandrogenism in girls: relation to reduced fetal growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83,3558-3662.
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 3558-3662
    • Ibáñez, L.1    de Zegher, F.2    Francois, I.3    Potau, N.4
  • 31
    • 0033694297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hirsutism, hyper-androgenism, oligomenorrhea, dyslipidemia, and hyperinsulinism in nonobese, adolescent girls: Effect of flutamide
    • Ibáñez L, Potau N, Marcos MV and de Zegher F (2000a) Treatment of hirsutism, hyper-androgenism, oligomenorrhea, dyslipidemia, and hyperinsulinism in nonobese, adolescent girls: Effect of flutamide. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85,3251-3255.
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , pp. 3251-3255
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Potau, N.2    Marcos, M.V.3    de Zegher, F.4
  • 32
    • 0033756465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitization to insulin in adolescent girls to normalize hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea, dyslipidemia, and hyperinsulinism after precocious pubarche
    • Ibáñez L, Valls C, Potau N, Marcos MV and de Zegher F (2000b) Sensitization to insulin in adolescent girls to normalize hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea, dyslipidemia, and hyperinsulinism after precocious pubarche. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85,3526-3530.
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , pp. 3526-3530
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Valls, C.2    Potau, N.3    Marcos, M.V.4    de Zegher, F.5
  • 33
    • 0035724946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycystic ovary syndrome after precocious pubarche: Ontogeny of the low birth-weight effect
    • Ibáñez L, Valls C, Potau N, Marcos MV and de Zegher F (2001) Polycystic ovary syndrome after precocious pubarche: Ontogeny of the low birth-weight effect. Clin Endocrinol 55,667-672.
    • (2001) Clin Endocrinol , vol.55 , pp. 667-672
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Valls, C.2    Potau, N.3    Marcos, M.V.4    de Zegher, F.5
  • 34
    • 0036078815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additive effects of insulin-sensitizing and antiandrogen treatment in young, nonobese women with hyperinsulinism, hyperandrogenism, dyslipidemia and anovulation
    • Ibáñez L, Valls C, Ferrer A, Ong K, Dunger D and de Zegher F (2002) Additive effects of insulin-sensitizing and antiandrogen treatment in young, nonobese women with hyperinsulinism, hyperandrogenism, dyslipidemia and anovulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87,2870-2874.
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , pp. 2870-2874
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Valls, C.2    Ferrer, A.3    Ong, K.4    Dunger, D.5    de Zegher, F.6
  • 35
    • 0038644550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose flutamide-metformin therapy reverses insulin resistance and reduces fat mass in non-obese adolescents and young women with ovarian hyperandrogenism
    • Ibáñez L, Ong K, Ferrer A, Amin R, Dunger D and de Zegher F (2003) Low-dose flutamide-metformin therapy reverses insulin resistance and reduces fat mass in non-obese adolescents and young women with ovarian hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88,2600-2606.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 2600-2606
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Ong, K.2    Ferrer, A.3    Amin, R.4    Dunger, D.5    de Zegher, F.6
  • 36
    • 4344566243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flutamide-metformin plus ethinylestradiol-drospirenone for lipolysis and anti-atherogenesis in young women with ovarian hyperandrogenism: The key role of early, low-dose flutamide
    • Ibáñez L, Valls C, Cabré S and de Zegher F (2004a) Flutamide-metformin plus ethinylestradiol-drospirenone for lipolysis and anti-atherogenesis in young women with ovarian hyperandrogenism: The key role of early, low-dose flutamide. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89,4716-4720.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 4716-4720
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Valls, C.2    Cabré, S.3    de Zegher, F.4
  • 37
    • 0346171340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin sensitization early post-menarche prevents progression from precocious pubarche to polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Ibáñez L, Ferrer A, Ong K, Amin R, Dunger D and de Zegher F (2004b) Insulin sensitization early post-menarche prevents progression from precocious pubarche to polycystic ovary syndrome. J Pediatr 144,23-29.
    • (2004) J Pediatr , vol.144 , pp. 23-29
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Ferrer, A.2    Ong, K.3    Amin, R.4    Dunger, D.5    de Zegher, F.6
  • 38
    • 4544323736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin sensitization for girls with precocious pubarche and with risk for polycystic ovary syndrome: Effects of prepubertal initiation and postpubertal discontinuation of metformin
    • Ibáñez L, Valls C, Marcos MV, Ong K, Dunger D and de Zegher F (2004c) Insulin sensitization for girls with precocious pubarche and with risk for polycystic ovary syndrome: Effects of prepubertal initiation and postpubertal discontinuation of metformin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89,4331-4337.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 4331-4337
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Valls, C.2    Marcos, M.V.3    Ong, K.4    Dunger, D.5    de Zegher, F.6
  • 39
    • 21644478010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of hepatotoxicity after long-term, low-dose flutamide in hyperandrogenic girls and young women
    • Ibáñez L, Jaramillo A, Ferrer A and de Zegher F (2005a) Absence of hepatotoxicity after long-term, low-dose flutamide in hyperandrogenic girls and young women. Hum Reprod 20,1833-1836.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod , vol.20 , pp. 1833-1836
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Jaramillo, A.2    Ferrer, A.3    de Zegher, F.4
  • 40
    • 24144488739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High neutrophil count in girls and women with hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism: Normalization with metformin and flutamide overcomes the aggravation by oral contraception
    • Ibáñez L, Jaramillo A, Ferrer A and de Zegher F (2005b) High neutrophil count in girls and women with hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism: Normalization with metformin and flutamide overcomes the aggravation by oral contraception. Hum Reprod 20,2457-2462.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod , vol.20 , pp. 2457-2462
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Jaramillo, A.2    Ferrer, A.3    de Zegher, F.4
  • 41
    • 33645833084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discontinuous flutamide-metformin plus an oral or a transdermal contraceptive in patients with hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism: Normalizing effects on C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio
    • Epub ahead of print October 20, 2005
    • Ibáñez L, Valls C and de Zegher F (2005c) Discontinuous flutamide-metformin plus an oral or a transdermal contraceptive in patients with hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism: Normalizing effects on C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α and the neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio. Hum Reprod. Epub ahead of print October 20, 2005.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod.
    • Ibáñez, L.1    Valls, C.2    de Zegher, F.3
  • 42
    • 8344289055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-sensitizing agents as primary therapy for patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome
    • Kashyap S, Wells GA and Rosenwaks Z (2004) Insulin-sensitizing agents as primary therapy for patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Hum Reprod 11,2474-2483.
    • (2004) Hum Reprod , vol.11 , pp. 2474-2483
    • Kashyap, S.1    Wells, G.A.2    Rosenwaks, Z.3
  • 44
    • 0034964836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition characteristics and body fat distribution in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Kirchengast S and Huber J (2001) Body composition characteristics and body fat distribution in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod 16,1255-1260.
    • (2001) Hum Reprod , vol.16 , pp. 1255-1260
    • Kirchengast, S.1    Huber, J.2
  • 46
    • 0023712947 scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy with flutamide and castration (orchiectomy or LHRH agonist): The minimal endocrine therapy in both untreated and previously treated patients with advanced prostate cancer
    • Labrie F, Dupont A, Giguere M, Borsanyi JP, Lacourciere Y, Belanger A, Lachance R, Emond J and Monfette G (1988) Combination therapy with flutamide and castration (orchiectomy or LHRH agonist): The minimal endocrine therapy in both untreated and previously treated patients with advanced prostate cancer. Prog Clin Biol Res 260,41-62.
    • (1988) Prog Clin Biol Res , vol.260 , pp. 41-62
    • Labrie, F.1    Dupont, A.2    Giguere, M.3    Borsanyi, J.P.4    Lacourciere, Y.5    Belanger, A.6    Lachance, R.7    Emond, J.8    Monfette, G.9
  • 47
    • 0142247208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Lord JM, Flight IH and Norman RJ (2003) Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 327,951-953.
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.327 , pp. 951-953
    • Lord, J.M.1    Flight, I.H.2    Norman, R.J.3
  • 48
    • 0024237507 scopus 로고
    • Androgenic activity of synthetic progestins and spironolactone in androgen-sensitive mouse mammary carcinoma (Shionogi) cells in culture
    • Luthy IA, Begin DJ and Labrie F (1988) Androgenic activity of synthetic progestins and spironolactone in androgen-sensitive mouse mammary carcinoma (Shionogi) cells in culture. J Steroid Biochem 31,845-852.
    • (1988) J Steroid Biochem , vol.31 , pp. 845-852
    • Luthy, I.A.1    Begin, D.J.2    Labrie, F.3
  • 49
    • 0036253418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen and lipid profiles in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated with two forms of combined oral contraceptives
    • Mastorakos G, Koliopoulos C and Creatsas G (2002) Androgen and lipid profiles in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated with two forms of combined oral contraceptives. Fertil Steril 77,919-927.
    • (2002) Fertil Steril , vol.77 , pp. 919-927
    • Mastorakos, G.1    Koliopoulos, C.2    Creatsas, G.3
  • 50
    • 11844261271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined use of metformin and ethinyl-estradiol-cyproterone acetate in polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Mitkov M, Pehlivanov B and Terzieva D (2005) Combined use of metformin and ethinyl-estradiol-cyproterone acetate in polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Obstet Gynecol 118,209-213.
    • (2005) Eur J Obstet Gynecol , vol.118 , pp. 209-213
    • Mitkov, M.1    Pehlivanov, B.2    Terzieva, D.3
  • 52
    • 0037242513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin versus ethinylestradiol-cyproterone acetate in the treatment of non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized study
    • Morin-Papunen L, Vauhkonen I, Koivunen R, Ruokonen A, Martikainen H and Tapanainen JS (2003b) Metformin versus ethinylestradiol-cyproterone acetate in the treatment of non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88,148-156.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 148-156
    • Morin-Papunen, L.1    Vauhkonen, I.2    Koivunen, R.3    Ruokonen, A.4    Martikainen, H.5    Tapanainen, J.S.6
  • 53
    • 0034031258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hirsutism with lowest-dose flutamide (62.5 mg/day)
    • Muderris II, Bayram F and Guven M (2000) Treatment of hirsutism with lowest-dose flutamide (62.5 mg/day). Gynecol Endocrinol 14,38-41.
    • (2000) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.14 , pp. 38-41
    • Muderris, I.I.1    Bayram, F.2    Guven, M.3
  • 54
    • 17744370731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin and the polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Nestler JE (2001) Metformin and the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86,1430.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 1430
    • Nestler, J.E.1
  • 57
    • 0022258792 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the antiandrogenic/androgenic activities of flutamide, cyproterone acetate and megestrol acetate
    • Poyet P and Labrie F (1985) Comparison of the antiandrogenic/androgenic activities of flutamide, cyproterone acetate and megestrol acetate. Mol Cell Endocrinol 42,283-288.
    • (1985) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.42 , pp. 283-288
    • Poyet, P.1    Labrie, F.2
  • 58
    • 14644406278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of metformin and ethinyl-estradiol-cyproterone acetate on lipid levels in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Rautio K, Tapanainen JS, Ruokonen A and Morin-Papunen L (2005) Effects of metformin and ethinyl-estradiol-cyproterone acetate on lipid levels in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 152,269-275.
    • (2005) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.152 , pp. 269-275
    • Rautio, K.1    Tapanainen, J.S.2    Ruokonen, A.3    Morin-Papunen, L.4
  • 60
    • 8444244087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin versus flutamide in the treatment of metabolic consequences of non-obese young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized prospective study
    • Sahin I, Serter R, Karakurt F, Demirbas B, Culha C, Taskapan C, Kosar F and Aral Y (2004) Metformin versus flutamide in the treatment of metabolic consequences of non-obese young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized prospective study. Gynecol Endocrinol 19,115-124.
    • (2004) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.19 , pp. 115-124
    • Sahin, I.1    Serter, R.2    Karakurt, F.3    Demirbas, B.4    Culha, C.5    Taskapan, C.6    Kosar, F.7    Aral, Y.8
  • 61
    • 27744483698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct thiazolidinedione action in the human ovary: Insulin-independent and insulin-sensitizing effects on steroidogenesis and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) production
    • Seto-Young D, Paliou M, Schlosser J, Avtanski D, Park A, Patel P, Holcomb K, Chang P and Poretsky L (2005) Direct thiazolidinedione action in the human ovary: Insulin-independent and insulin-sensitizing effects on steroidogenesis and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) production. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90,6099-6105.
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 6099-6105
    • Seto-Young, D.1    Paliou, M.2    Schlosser, J.3    Avtanski, D.4    Park, A.5    Patel, P.6    Holcomb, K.7    Chang, P.8    Poretsky, L.9
  • 62
    • 0034121290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen receptor antagonists (antiandrogens): Structure-Activity relationships
    • Singh SM, Gauthier S and Labrie F (2000) Androgen receptor antagonists (antiandrogens): Structure-activity relationships. Curr Med Chem 7,211-247.
    • (2000) Curr Med Chem , vol.7 , pp. 211-247
    • Singh, S.M.1    Gauthier, S.2    Labrie, F.3
  • 63
    • 13844298724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial inflammation and insulin resistance
    • Sjöholm A and Nyström T (2005) Endothelial inflammation and insulin resistance. Lancet 365,610-612.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 610-612
    • Sjöholm, A.1    Nyström, T.2
  • 64
    • 0001698606 scopus 로고
    • Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries
    • Stein IF and Leventhal ML (1935) Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. Am J Obstet Gynecol 29,181-191.
    • (1935) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.29 , pp. 181-191
    • Stein, I.F.1    Leventhal, M.L.2
  • 65
    • 13544274204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Stout DL and Fugate SE (2005) Thiazolidinediones for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Pharmacotherapy 25,244-252.
    • (2005) Pharmacotherapy , vol.25 , pp. 244-252
    • Stout, D.L.1    Fugate, S.E.2
  • 66
    • 8744310157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Relationship with insulin resistance and low-grade chronic inflammation
    • Tarkun I, Arslan BC, Canturk Z, Turemen E, Sahin T and Duman C (2004) Endothelial dysfunction in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: relationship with insulin resistance and low-grade chronic inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89,5592-5596.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 5592-5596
    • Tarkun, I.1    Arslan, B.C.2    Canturk, Z.3    Turemen, E.4    Sahin, T.5    Duman, C.6
  • 67
    • 22844445332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rosiglitazone on insulin resistance, C-reactive protein and endothelial function in non-obese young women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Tarkun I, Cetinarslan B, Turemen E, Sahin T, Canturk Z and Komsuoglu B (2005) Effect of rosiglitazone on insulin resistance, C-reactive protein and endothelial function in non-obese young women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 153,115-121.
    • (2005) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.153 , pp. 115-121
    • Tarkun, I.1    Cetinarslan, B.2    Turemen, E.3    Sahin, T.4    Canturk, Z.5    Komsuoglu, B.6
  • 68
    • 0346186090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
    • The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group
    • The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group (2004) Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 19,41-47.
    • (2004) Hum Reprod , vol.19 , pp. 41-47
  • 69
    • 10844234635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatotoxicity induced by antiandrogens: A review of the literature
    • Thole Z, Manso G, Salgueiro E, Revuelta P and Hidalgo A (2004) Hepatotoxicity induced by antiandrogens: A review of the literature. Urol Int 73,289-295.
    • (2004) Urol Int , vol.73 , pp. 289-295
    • Thole, Z.1    Manso, G.2    Salgueiro, E.3    Revuelta, P.4    Hidalgo, A.5
  • 70
    • 0028315971 scopus 로고
    • Metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome reduces hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, and systolic blood pressure, while facilitating normal menses and pregnancy
    • Velazquez EM, Mendoza S, Hamer T, Sosa F and Glueck CJ (1994) Metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome reduces hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, and systolic blood pressure, while facilitating normal menses and pregnancy. Metabolism 43,647-654.
    • (1994) Metabolism , vol.43 , pp. 647-654
    • Velazquez, E.M.1    Mendoza, S.2    Hamer, T.3    Sosa, F.4    Glueck, C.J.5
  • 72
    • 18744377507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined oral contraceptives in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Vrbikova J and Cibula D (2005) Combined oral contraceptives in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod Update 11,277-291.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod Update , vol.11 , pp. 277-291
    • Vrbikova, J.1    Cibula, D.2
  • 73
    • 24044500327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of metabolic syndrome frequency and premature carotid atherosclerosis in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Vural B, Caliskan E, Turkoz E, Kilic T and Demirci A (2005) Evaluation of metabolic syndrome frequency and premature carotid atherosclerosis in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod 20,2409-2413.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod , vol.20 , pp. 2409-2413
    • Vural, B.1    Caliskan, E.2    Turkoz, E.3    Kilic, T.4    Demirci, A.5
  • 74
    • 0027438689 scopus 로고
    • Hepatotoxicity complicating flutamide treatment of hirsutism
    • Wallace C, Lalor EA and Chik CL (1993) Hepatotoxicity complicating flutamide treatment of hirsutism. Ann Intern Med 119,1150.
    • (1993) Ann Intern Med , vol.119 , pp. 1150
    • Wallace, C.1    Lalor, E.A.2    Chik, C.L.3
  • 75
    • 0029656166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flutamide hepatotoxicity
    • Wysowski DK and Fourcroy JL (1996) Flutamide hepatotoxicity. J Urol 155,209-212.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.155 , pp. 209-212
    • Wysowski, D.K.1    Fourcroy, J.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.