The positive and negative framing of affirmative action: A group dominance perspective

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Volumn 32, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 656-668

  Haley, Hillary ^a   Sidanius, Jim ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Affirmative action; Framing effects; Motivated reasoning; Social dominance orientation; Social dominance theory

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASIAN AMERICAN; ATTITUDE; CAUCASIAN; CIVIL RIGHTS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DEFENSE MECHANISM; FEMALE; HISPANIC; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; LEGAL ASPECT; MALE; NEGRO; POLICY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL DOMINANCE; SOCIAL JUSTICE; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; ASIAN AMERICANS; ATTITUDE; CALIFORNIA; CIVIL RIGHTS; DATA COLLECTION; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; MALE; NEGATIVISM; PREJUDICE; PUBLIC POLICY; SOCIAL DOMINANCE; SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION; SOCIAL JUSTICE;

EID: 33645790271     PISSN: 01461672     EISSN: 15527433     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0146167205283442     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Aberson, C. L., & Haag, S. C. (2003). Beliefs about affirmative action and diversity and their relationship to support for hiring policies. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 3 (1). 121-138.
2. Arriola, K. R. J., & Cole, E. R. (2001). Framing the affirmative-action debate: Attitudes toward out-group members and White identity. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31 (12). 2462-2483.
3. Bell, M. P., Harrison, D. A., & McLaughlin, M. E. (2000). Forming, changing, and acting on attitudes toward affirmative action programs in employment: A theory-driven approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85 (5). 784-798.
4. Blumer, H. (1958). Racial prejudice as a sense of group position. Pacific Sociological Review, 1, 3-7.
5. Bobo, L. D., Johnson, J. H., Oliver, M. L., Sidanius, J., & Zubrinsky, C. (1992). Public opinion before and after a spring of discontent: A preliminary report on the 1992 Los Angeles County Social Survey (1992-1993, Vol. 3, No. 1). Los Angeles: UCLA Center for the Study of Urban Poverty.
6. Bobo, L., & Kluegel, J. R. (1993). Opposition to race-targeting: Selfinterest, stratification ideology, or racial attitudes? American Sociological Review, 58 (4). 443-464.
7. Bobo, L., & Smith, R. A. (1994). Antipoverty policies, affirmative action, and racial attitudes. In S. H. Danziger, G. D. Sandefur, & D. H. Weinberg (Eds.), Confronting poverty: Prescriptions for change (pp. 365-395). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
8. Bobo, L. (1999). Prejudice as group position: Microfoundations of a sociological approach to racism and race relations. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 445-472.
9. Borowiak, A., & Golec, A. (2004). Poznawcze i swiatopogladowe wyznaczniki preferencji politycznych [Motivated cognition and cultural worldviews as predictors of political preferences]. Studia Psychologiczne, 42 (2). 5-16.
10. Duckitt, J. (2001). A dual-process cognitive-motivational theory of ideology and prejudice. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 33, 41-113.
11. Dunning, D. (1999). A newer look: Motivated social cognition and the schematic representation of social concepts. Psychological Inquiry, 10, 1-11.
12. Fazio, R. H. (1990). Multiple processes by which attitudes guide behavior: The MODE model as an integrative framework. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 23, pp. 75-109). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
13. Federico, C. M., & Sidanius, J. (2002). Racism, ideology, and affirmative action revisited: The antecedents and consequences of "principled objections" to affirmative action. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 82 (4). 488-502.
14. Fine, T. S. (1992). The impact of issue framing on public opinion: Toward affirmative action programs. Social Science Journal, 29 (3). 323-334.
15. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
16. Fraser, J., & Kick, E. (2000). The interpretive repertoires ofWhites on race-targeted policies: Claims making of reverse discrimination. Sociological Perspectives, 43 (1). 13-28.
17. Golden, H., Hinkle, S., & Crosby, F. (2001). Reactions to affirmative action: Substance and semantics. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 17-32.
18. Greenwald, A. G. (1980). The totalitarian ego: Fabrication and revision of personal history. American Psychologist, 35, 603-618.
19. Greenwell, M., Strohm, M., & Bobo, L. (1994). Projectmemoranda: Nonresponse bias evaluation. Los Angeles: University of California Pres.
20. Heilman, M. E., Battle, W. S., Keller, C. E., & Lee, R. A. (1998). Type of affirmative action policy: A determinant of reactions to sex-based preferential selection? Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 190-205.
21. Jackman, M. R. (1994). The velvet glove: Paternalism and conflict in gender, class, and race relations. Berkeley: University of California Press.
22. Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. J. (2003). Political conservatism as motivated social cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 129 (3). 339-375.
23. Kaplan, D. (2000). Structural equation modeling. Foundations and extensions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
24. Kinder, D. R., & Sanders, L. M. (1990). Mimicking political debate with survey questions: The case of White opinion on affirmative action for Blacks. Social Cognition [Special Issue: Thinking about politics: Comparisons of experts and novices], 8 (1). 73-103.
25. Kinder, D. R., & Sanders, L. M. (1996). Divided by color: Racial politics and democratic ideals. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
26. Kluegel, J. R., & Smith, E. R. (1986). Beliefs about inequality: Americans' views of what is and what ought to be. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.
27. Kravitz, D. A. (1995). Attitudes toward affirmative action plans directed at blacks: Effects of plan and individual differences. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25 (24). 2192-2220.
28. Kravitz, D. A., & Klineberg, S. L. (2000). Reactions to two versions of affirmative action among Whites, Blacks, andHispanics. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85 (4). 597-611.
29. Kravitz, D. A., Klineberg, S. L., Avery, D. R., Nguyen, A. K., Lund, C., & Fu, E. J. (2000). Attitudes toward affirmative action: Correlations with demographic variables and with beliefs about targets, actions, and economic effects. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30 (6). 1109-1136.
30. Kunda, Z. (1990). The case formotivated reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 480-498.
31. Murrell, A. J., Dietz-Uhler, B. L., Dovidio, J. F., Gaertner, S. L., & Drout, C. (1994). Aversive racism and resistance to affirmative action: Perceptions of justice are not necessarily color blind. Basic & Applied Social Psychology, 15 (1-2). 71-86.
32. Nacoste, R. W. (1994). Policy schemas for affirmative action. In L. Heath & R. S. Tindale (Eds.), Applications of heuristics and biases to social issues: Social psychological applications to social issues (Vol. 3, pp. 205-221). New York: Plenum.
33. Nacoste, R. W., & Hummels, B. (1994). Affirmative action and the behavior of decision makers. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24 (7). 595-613.
34. O'Neil, M. J. (1979). Estimating the non-response bias due to refusals in telephone surveys. Public Opinion Quarterly, 43, 218-232.
35. Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L. M., & Malle, B. F. (1994). Social dominance orientation: A personality variable predicting social and political attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67 (4). 741-763.
36. Quinn, K. A., Ross, E. M., & Esses, V. M. (2001). Attributions of responsibility and reactions to affirmative action: Affirmative action as help. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 27 (3). 321-331.
37. Redlawsk, D. P. (2002). Hot cognition or cool consideration? Testing the effects of motivated reasoning on political decision making. Journal of Politics, 64 (4). 1021-1044.
38. Schuman, H., Steeh, C., Bobo, L., & Krysan, M. (1997). Racial attitudes in America: Trends and interpretations (Rev. ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
39. Sherif, M. (1966). In common predicament: Social psychology of intergroup conflict and cooperation. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
40. Sidanius, J. (1993). The psychology of group conflict and the dynamics of oppression: A social dominance perspective. In S. Iyengar & W. J. McGuire (Eds.), Explorations in political psychology: Duke studies in political psychology (pp. 183-219). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
41. Sidanius, J., Levin, S., Federico, C., & Pratto, F. (2001). Legitimizing ideologies: The social dominance approach. In J. Jost & B. Major (Eds.), The psychology of legitimacy: Emerging perspectives on ideology, justice, and intergroup relations (pp. 307-331). London: Cambridge University Press.
42. Sidanius, J., Liu, J., Shaw, J., & Pratto, F. (1994). Social dominance orientation, hierarchy-attenuators and hierarchy-enhancers: Social dominance theory and the criminal justice system. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 338-366.
43. Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression. New York: Cambridge University Press.
44. Sidanius, J., Pratto, F., & Bobo, L. (1996). Racism, conservatism, affirmative action, and intellectual sophistication: A matter of principled conservatism or group dominance? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70 (3). 476-490.
45. Sidanius, J., Singh, P., Hetts, J. J., & Federico, C. (2000). It's not affirmative action, it's the Blacks: The continuing relevance of race in American politics. In D. O. Sears, J. Sidanius, & L. Bobo (Eds.), Racialized politics: The debate about racism in America (pp. 191-235). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
46. Sniderman, P. M., & Carmines, E. G. (1997). Reaching beyond race. PS: Political Science and Politics, 30 (3). 466-471.
47. Sniderman, P. M., Crosby, G. C., & Howell, W. G. (2000). The politics of race. In D. O. Sears, J. Sidanius, & L. Bobo (Eds.), Racialized politics: The debate about racism in America (pp. 236-279). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
48. Sniderman, P. M., & Piazza, T. (1993). The scar of race. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
49. Son Hing, L. S., Bobocel, D. R., & Zanna, M. P. (2002). Meritocracy and opposition to affirmative action: Making concessions in the face of discrimination. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 83 (3). 493-509.
50. Summers, R. J. (1995). Attitudes toward different methods of affirmative action. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25 (12). 1090-1104.
51. van den Berghe, P. L. (1967). Race and racism. New York: JohnWiley.
52. Wetherell, M., & Potter, J. (1992). Mapping the language of racism: Discourse and the legitimation of exploitation. New York: Columbia University Press.