Genital variation within and between three closely related Euxoa moth species: Testing the lock-and-key hypothesis

Journal of Zoology

Volumn 268, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 109-119

  Mutanen, M ^a   Kaitala, A ^a   Monkkonen M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OULU   (Finland)

Author keywords

Euxoa; Genital evolution; Lock and key hypothesis; One size fits all; Sexual selection

Indexed keywords

MORPHOLOGY;

EUXOA; INSECTA; LEPIDOPTERA;

EID: 33645454957     PISSN: 09528369     EISSN: 14697998     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2005.00029.x     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Alatalo R.V. Höglund J. Lundberg A. 1988 Patterns of variation in tail ornament size in birds. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 34 363 374.
2. Alexander R.D. Marshall D.C. Cooley J.R. 1997 Evolutionary perspectives on insect mating. In The evolution of mating systems in insects and arachnids 4 31. Choe J.C. Crespi B.J. (Eds). Cambridge Cambridge University Press.
3. Arnqvist G. 1989 Multiple mating in a water strider mutual benefits or intersexual conflict? Anim. Behav. 38 749 756.
4. Arnqvist G. 1997 The evolution of animal genitalia distinguishing between hypotheses by single species studies. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 60 365 379.
5. Arnqvist G. 1998 Comparative evidence for the evolution of genitalia by sexual selection. Nature 393 784 786.
6. Arnqvist G. Danielsson I. 1999 Copulatory behavior, genital morphology, and male fertilization success in water spiders. Evolution 53 147 156.
7. Arnqvist G. Rowe L. 2002a Correlated evolution of male and female morphologies in water striders. Evolution 56 936 947.
8. Arnqvist G. Rowe L. 2002b Antagonistic coevolution between the sexes in a group of insects. Nature 415 787 789.
9. Arnqvist G. Thornhill R. 1998 Evolution of animal genitalia patterns of phenotypic and genotypic variation and condition dependence of genital and non-genital morphology in water strider (Heteroptera: Gerridae: Insecta). Genet. Res. 71 193 212.
10. Arnqvist G. Thornhill R. Rowe L. 1997 Evolution of animal genitalia morphological correlates of fitness components in a water strider. J. Evol. Ecol. 10 613 640.
11. Bernstein S. Bernstein R. 2002 Allometry of male genitalia in a species of soldier beetle support for the one-size-fits-all hypothesis. Evolution 56 1707 1710.
12. Birkhead T.R. Hunter F.M. 1990 Mechanisms of sperm competition. Trends Ecol. Evol. 5 48 52.
13. Birkhead T.R. Møller A.P. 1998 Sperm competition and sexual selection. London Academic Press.
14. Bonduriansky R. Day T. 2003 The evolution of static allometry in sexually selected traits. Evolution 57 2450 2458.
15. Byers J.R. 1978 Biosystematics of the genus Euxoa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) X. Incidence and level of multiple mating in natural and laboratory populations. Can. Entomol. 110 193 200.
16. Byers J.R. Hinks C.F. 1978 Biosystematics of the genus Euxoa. XI. Mating discrimination between three closely related species of the declarata group. Can. J. Zool. 56 1981 1987.
17. Callahan P.S. Chapin J.B. 1960 Morphology of the reproductive systems and mating in two representative members of the family Noctuidae, Pseudaletia unipuncta and Peridroma margaritosa, with comparison to Heliothis zea. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 53 768 782.
18. Cordoba-Aguilar A. 1999 Male copulatory sensory stimulation induces female ejection of rival sperm in a damselfly. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 266 779 784.
19. Coyne J.A. 1983 Genetic basis of differences in genital morphology among three sibling species of Drosophila. Evolution 37 1101 1118.
20. Cuervo J.J. Møller A.P. 2001 Components of phenotypic variation in avian ornamental and non-ornamental feathers. Evol. Ecol. 15 53 72.
21. Dang P.T. 1993 Vesicas of selected tortricid and small lepidopterous species, with descriptions of new techniques of vesica eversion (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Oecophoridae, Gelechiidae, and Nepticulidae). Can. Entomol. 125 785 799.
22. Dufour L. 1844 Anatomie Générale des Dipteres. Ann. Sci. Nat. 1 244 264.
23. Eberhard W.G. 1985 Sexual selection and animal genitalia. Massachuttes Harward University Press.
24. Eberhard W.G. 1990 Animal genitalia and female choice. Am. Sci. 78 134 140.
25. Eberhard W.G. 1991 Copulatory courtship and cryptic female choice in insects. Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 66 1 31.
26. Eberhard W.G. 1992 Species isolation, genital mechanics, and the evolution of species-specific genitalia in three species of Macrodactylus beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabeidae, Melolonthinae). Evolution 46 1774 1783.
27. Eberhard W.G. 1993 Evaluating models of sexual selection genitalia as a test case. Am. Nat. 142 564 571.
28. Eberhard W.G. 1993a Copulatory courtship and morphology of genitalic coupling in seven Phyllophaga species (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae). J. Nat. Hist. 27 683 717.
29. Eberhard W.G. 1993b Copulatory courtship and genital mechanics of three species of Macrodactylus (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae Melolonthinae). Ethol. Ecol. Evol. 5 19 63.
30. Eberhard W.G. 2001 Species-specific genitalic copulatory courtship in sepsid flies (Diptera, Sepsidae, Microsepsis) and theories of genitalic evolution. Evolution 55 93 102.
31. Eberhard W.G. Huber B.A. Rodriguez R.L. 1999 Don't forget the biology a reply to Green. Evolution 53 1624 1627.
32. Eberhard W.G. Huber B.A. Rodriguez R.L.S Briceno R.D. Salas I. Rodriguez V. 1998 One size fits all? Relationships between the size and degree of variation in genitalia and other body parts in twenty species of insects and spiders. Evolution 52 415 431.
33. Fibiger M. 1990 Noctuinae I. Noctuidae Europaeae. Sorø Entomological Press.
34. Fibiger M. 1997 Noctuinae III. Noctuidae Europaeae. Sorø Entomological Press.
35. Goulson D. 1993 Variation in the genitalia of the butterfly Maniola jurtina (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 107 65 71.
36. Green A.J. 1992 Positive allometry is likely with mate choice, competitive display and other functions. Anim. Behav. 43 170 172.
37. Green A.J. 1999 Allometry of genitalia in insects and spiders one size does not fit all and reply. Evolution 53 1621 1624.
38. Hacker H. 1998 Revision der Gattungen Hadula Staudinger, 1889 (=Discestra Hampson, 1905;=Aglossestra Hampson, 1905;=Cardiestra Boursin, 1963), Anartomorpha Alphéraky, 1892, Trichanarta Hampson, 1895, Anarta Ochsenheimer, 1816 und Cardepia Hampson, 1905 mit Beschreibung einer neuen Gattung Hadumorpha gen. n. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Esperiana 6 577 843.
39. Hardwick D.F. Lefkovitch L.P. 1973 Species separation in the declarata group of the genus Euxoa, a computer analysis based on structural characters. Can. Entomol. 105 501 508.
40. Haubruge E. Arnaud L. Mignon J. Gage M.J.G. 1999 Fertilization by proxy rival sperm removal and translocation in a beetle. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 266 1183 1187.
41. Heming-van Battum K.E. Heming B.S. 1989 Structure, function, and evolutionary significance of the reproductive system in males of Hebrus ruficeps and H. pusillus (Heteroptera, Gerromorpha, Hebridae). J. Morphol. 202 281 323.
42. Hosken D.J. Stockley P. 2004 Sexual selection and genital evolution. Trends Ecol. Evol. 19 87 93.
43. House C.M. Simmons L.W. 2003 Genital morphology and fertilization success in the dung beetle Onthophagus taurus an example of sexually selected male genitalia. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 270 447 455.
44. Huldén L. Albrecht A. Itämies J. Malinen P. Wettenhovi J. 2000 Atlas of Finnish Macrolepidoptera. Helsinki Suomen Perhostutkijain Seura-Luonnontieteellinen keskusmuseo.
45. Kawano K. 2004 Developmental stability and adaptive variability of male genitalia in sexually dimorphic beetles. Am. Nat. 163 1 15.
46. Kullberg J. Albrecht A. Kaila L. Varis V. 2001 Checklist of Finnish Lepidoptera. Sahlbergia 6 45 190.
47. Lafontaine J.D. 1987 Noctuoidea Noctuidae. In The moths of America North of Mexico. Dominick R.B. (Ed.). Washington The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation.
48. Marttila O. Saarinen K. Aarnio H. Ojalainen P. 1996 Suomen kiitäjät ja kehrääjät. Helsinki Kirjayhtymä.
49. Mayr E. 1963 Animal species and evolution. Massachusetts Harvard University Press.
50. Mikkola K. 1992 Evidence for lock-and-key mechanisms in the internal genitalia of the Apamea moths (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Syst. Entomol. 17 145 153.
51. Mikkola K. Jalas I. 1977 Suomen Perhoset. Yökköset 1. Helsinki Otava.
52. Mutanen M. 2005 Delimitation difficulties in species splits a morphometric case study on the Euxoatritici complex (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Syst. Entomol. 30 632 643.
53. Porter A.H. Shapiro A.M. 1990 Lock-and-key hypothesis lack of mechanical isolation in a butterfly (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) hybrid zone. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 83 107 114.
54. Proctor H.C. Baker R.L. Gwynne D.T. 1995 Mating behaviour and spermatophore morphology a comparative test of the female-choice hypothesis. Can. J. Zool. 73 2010 2020.
55. Ricklefs R.E. Travis J. 1980 A morphological approach to the study of avian community organization. Auk 97 321 338.
56. Shapiro A.M. Porter A.H. 1989 The lock-and-key hypothesis evolutionary and biosystematic interpretation of insect genitalia. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 34 231 245.
57. Sokal R.R. Rohlf F.J. 1995 Biometry. New York W. H. Freeman.
58. Sota T. Kubota K. 1998 Genital lock and key as a selective agent against hybridization. Evolution 52 1507 1513.
59. Tadler A. 1996 Functional morphology of genitalia of four species of julidan millipedes (Diplopoda: Nemasomatidae; Julidae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 118 83 97.
60. Tadler A. Nemeschkal H.L. Pass G. 1999 Selection of male traits during and after copulation in the seedbug Lygaeus simulans (Heteroptera, Lygaeidae). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 68 471 483.
61. Thornhill R. 1984 Alternative hypotheses for traits believed to have evolved by sperm competition. In Sperm competition and the evolution of animal mating systems 151 178. Smith R.L. (Ed.). Orlando Academic Press.
62. Troubridge J.T. 1997 Revision of the nearctic species of the genus Entephria Hübner (Lepidoptera, Larentiinae). Entomol. Scand. 28 121 139.
63. Waage J.K. 1979 Dual function of the damselfly penis sperm removal and transfer. Science 203 916 918.
64. Waage J.K. 1984 Sperm competition and the evolution of Odonate mating systems. In Sperm competition and the evolution of animal mating systems 251 290. Smith R.L. (Ed.). Orlando Academic Press.
65. Ware A.D. Opell B.D. 1989 A test of the mechanical isolation hypothesis in two similar spider species. J. Arachnol. 17 149 162.
66. Wcislo W.T. Buchmann S.L. 1995 Mating behaviour in the bees, Dieunomia heteropoda and Nomia tetrazonata, with a review of courtship in Nomiinae (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). J. Nat. Hist. 29 1015 1027.
67. Yela J.L. 2002 The internal genitalia as a taxonomic tool description of the relict endemic moth, Coranarta restricta sp. n., from the Iberian Peninsula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hadeninae). Entomol. Fenn. 13 1 12.
68. Yezerinac S.M. Lougheed S.C. Handford P. 1992 Measurement error and morphometric studies statistical power and observer experience. Syst. Biol. 41 471 482.