메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2006, Pages 2-10

Pharmacology of botulinum toxin: Differences between type A preparations

Author keywords

Botulinum toxin type A; Diffusion; Digit abduction test; Pharmacology; Single fiber electromyography

Indexed keywords

BOTULINUM TOXIN A; BOTULINUM TOXIN B; BOTULINUM TOXIN C1; BOTULINUM TOXIN D; BOTULINUM TOXIN E; BOTULINUM TOXIN F; BOTULINUM TOXIN G; SNARE PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 33645099746     PISSN: 13515101     EISSN: 14681331     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01438.x     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (156)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 0027193845 scopus 로고
    • Secrets of secretion revealed
    • Barinaga M Secrets of secretion revealed Science 1993 260 487 489
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 487-489
    • Barinaga, M.1
  • 2
    • 0028287470 scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmission: Harnessing fusion machinery at the synapse
    • Sollner T Rothman JE Neurotransmission: harnessing fusion machinery at the synapse Trends in Neuroscience 1994 17 344 348
    • (1994) Trends in Neuroscience , vol.17 , pp. 344-348
    • Sollner, T.1    Rothman, J.E.2
  • 3
    • 0027219725 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum neurotoxin a selectively cleaves the synaptic protein SNAP-25
    • Blasi J Chapman ER Link E et al. Botulinum neurotoxin A selectively cleaves the synaptic protein SNAP-25 Nature 1993 365 160 163
    • (1993) Nature , vol.365 , pp. 160-163
    • Blasi, J.1    Chapman, E.R.2    Link, E.3
  • 4
    • 0026497466 scopus 로고
    • Tetanus and botulinum toxin-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin
    • Schiavo G Benfenati F Poulain B et al. Tetanus and botulinum toxin-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin Nature 1992 359 832 835
    • (1992) Nature , vol.359 , pp. 832-835
    • Schiavo, G.1    Benfenati, F.2    Poulain, B.3
  • 5
    • 0027366557 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the nerve terminal targets of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A, serotype-D, and serotype-E
    • Schiavo G Rossetto O Catsicas S et al. Identification of the nerve terminal targets of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A, serotype-D, and serotype-E Journal of Biological Chemistry 1993a 68 23784 23787
    • (1993) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.68 , pp. 23784-23787
    • Schiavo, G.1    Rossetto, O.2    Catsicas, S.3
  • 7
    • 0009845570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into the extended duration of neuroparalysis by botulinum neurotoxin a relative to the other shorter-acting serotypes: Differences between motor nerve terminals and cultured neurons
    • In*Jankovic J.*Hallett M. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Philadelphia eds
    • Dolly JO Lisk G Foran PG et al. Insights into the extended duration of neuroparalysis by botulinum neurotoxin A relative to the other shorter-acting serotypes: differences between motor nerve terminals and cultured neurons In Jankovic J Hallett M eds Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin Philadelphia Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins 2002 91 102
    • (2002) Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin , pp. 91-102
    • Dolly, J.O.1    Lisk, G.2    Foran, P.G.3
  • 8
    • 0029073061 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the genetic efficacies of Type a and F botulinum toxins for blepharospasm: A double-blind, controlled study
    • Mezaki T Kaji R Kohana N Comparison of the genetic efficacies of Type A and F botulinum toxins for blepharospasm: a double-blind, controlled study Neurology 1995 45 506 508
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 506-508
    • Mezaki, T.1    Kaji, R.2    Kohana, N.3
  • 9
    • 0030842423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human response to botulinum toxin injection. Type B compared with Type a
    • Sloop RR Cole BA Escutin RO Human response to botulinum toxin injection. Type B compared with Type A Neurology 1997 49 189 194
    • (1997) Neurology , vol.49 , pp. 189-194
    • Sloop, R.R.1    Cole, B.A.2    Escutin, R.O.3
  • 10
    • 0032515187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different time courses of recovery after poisoning with botulinum neurotoxin serotypes a and e in humans
    • Eleopora R Tugneli V Rossetto O Different time courses of recovery after poisoning with botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A and E in humans Neuroscience Letters 1998 256 135 138
    • (1998) Neuroscience Letters , vol.256 , pp. 135-138
    • Eleopora, R.1    Tugneli, V.2    Rossetto, O.3
  • 13
    • 0027442891 scopus 로고
    • Chelation of zinc antagonizes the neuromuscular blocking properties of the seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin as well as tetanus toxin
    • Simpson LL Coffield JA Bakry N Chelation of zinc antagonizes the neuromuscular blocking properties of the seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin as well as tetanus toxin Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1993 267 720 727
    • (1993) Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , vol.267 , pp. 720-727
    • Simpson, L.L.1    Coffield, J.A.2    Bakry, N.3
  • 14
    • 0035920221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of zinc binding in the biological activity of botulinum toxin
    • Simpson LL Maksymowych AB Hao S The role of zinc binding in the biological activity of botulinum toxin Journal of Biological Chemistry 2001 276 27034 27041
    • (2001) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.276 , pp. 27034-27041
    • Simpson, L.L.1    Maksymowych, A.B.2    Hao, S.3
  • 15
    • 0017166250 scopus 로고
    • Binding of botulinum neurotoxin to the synaptosome fraction of the rat brain
    • Kitamura M Binding of botulinum neurotoxin to the synaptosome fraction of the rat brain Naunyn Schmiedeber's Archives of Pharmacology 1976 295 171 175
    • (1976) Naunyn Schmiedeber's Archives of Pharmacology , vol.295 , pp. 171-175
    • Kitamura, M.1
  • 16
    • 0017694295 scopus 로고
    • Effects of type a botulinum toxin on the cholinergic transmission at spinal Renshaw cells and on the inhibitory action at Ia inhibitory interneurons
    • Hagenah R Benecke R Wiegand H Effects of type A botulinum toxin on the cholinergic transmission at spinal Renshaw cells and on the inhibitory action at Ia inhibitory interneurons Naunyn Schmiedeber's Archives of Pharmacology 1977 299 267 272
    • (1977) Naunyn Schmiedeber's Archives of Pharmacology , vol.299 , pp. 267-272
    • Hagenah, R.1    Benecke, R.2    Wiegand, H.3
  • 17
    • 0018182478 scopus 로고
    • The effects of botulinum toxin on acetylcholine metabolism in mouse brain slices and synaptosomes
    • Gundersend CB Howar BD The effects of botulinum toxin on acetylcholine metabolism in mouse brain slices and synaptosomes Journal of Neurochemistry 1978 31 1005 1013
    • (1978) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.31 , pp. 1005-1013
    • Gundersend, C.B.1    Howar, B.D.2
  • 18
    • 0023500772 scopus 로고
    • Selective localization of acceptors for botulinum neurotoxin a in the central and peripheral nervous systems
    • Black J Dolly J Selective localization of acceptors for botulinum neurotoxin A in the central and peripheral nervous systems Neuroscience 1987 23 767 779
    • (1987) Neuroscience , vol.23 , pp. 767-779
    • Black, J.1    Dolly, J.2
  • 19
    • 33645102723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxins: Transformation of a toxin into a treatment
    • In*Waxman S. Elsevier Burlington ed
    • Comella CL Simpson LL Jankovic J Botulinum toxins: transformation of a toxin into a treatment In Waxman S ed From Neuroscience to Neurology Burlington Elsevier 2005 125 139
    • (2005) From Neuroscience to Neurology , pp. 125-139
    • Comella, C.L.1    Simpson, L.L.2    Jankovic, J.3
  • 20
    • 3242780906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin treatment of secretory disorders
    • Naumann M Jost W Botulinum toxin treatment of secretory disorders Movement Disorders 2004 19 Suppl. 8 S137 S141
    • (2004) Movement Disorders , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. 8
    • Naumann, M.1    Jost, W.2
  • 23
    • 0031025917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The variability of the clinical effect induced by botulinum toxin type A: The role of muscle activity in humans
    • Eleopora R Tugnoli V DeGrandis D The variability of the clinical effect induced by botulinum toxin type A: the role of muscle activity in humans Movement Disorders 1997 12 89 94
    • (1997) Movement Disorders , vol.12 , pp. 89-94
    • Eleopora, R.1    Tugnoli, V.2    Degrandis, D.3
  • 24
    • 0031665692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type a and short-term electrical stimulation in the treatment of upper limb flexor spasticity after stroke: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Hesse S Reiter F Konrad M Jahnke MT Botulinum toxin type A and short-term electrical stimulation in the treatment of upper limb flexor spasticity after stroke: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Clinical Rehabilitation 1998 12 381 388
    • (1998) Clinical Rehabilitation , vol.12 , pp. 381-388
    • Hesse, S.1    Reiter, F.2    Konrad, M.3    Jahnke, M.T.4
  • 25
    • 23944479680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of botulinum toxin at the neuromuscular junction
    • In*Brin M.F.*Jankovic J.*Hallett M. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Philadelphia eds
    • Hallett M Effects of botulinum toxin at the neuromuscular junction In Brin MF Jankovic J Hallett M eds Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin Philadelphia Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2002 167 171
    • (2002) Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin , pp. 167-171
    • Hallett, M.1
  • 27
    • 0029920995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrafusal and intrafusal muscle effects in experimental botulinum toxin-A injection
    • Rosales RL Arimura K Takenaga S Osame M Extrafusal and intrafusal muscle effects in experimental botulinum toxin-A injection Muscle and Nerve 1996 19 488 496
    • (1996) Muscle and Nerve , vol.19 , pp. 488-496
    • Rosales, R.L.1    Arimura, K.2    Takenaga, S.3    Osame, M.4
  • 28
    • 33645098881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle afferent block for dystonia: Implications for the physiologic mechanism of action of botulinum toxin
    • In*Brin M.F.*Jankovic J.*Hallett M. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Philadelphia eds
    • Kaji R Muscle afferent block for dystonia: implications for the physiologic mechanism of action of botulinum toxin In Brin MF Jankovic J Hallett M eds Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin Philadelphia Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins 2002 455 459
    • (2002) Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin , pp. 455-459
    • Kaji, R.1
  • 29
    • 79952302695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin a and muscle afferent block in X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism of Panay
    • (Abstract)
    • Rosales RL Delgado M Botulinum toxin A and muscle afferent block in X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism of Panay Movement Disorders 2004 18 Suppl. 9 S19 (Abstract)
    • (2004) Movement Disorders , vol.18 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 19
    • Rosales, R.L.1    Delgado, M.2
  • 33
    • 0342275192 scopus 로고
    • Dose- dependent central effects of botulinum neurotoxin type A: A pilot study in the alert behaving cat
    • Moreno-Lopez B Pastor AM De la Cruz RR Delgado-Garcia JM Dose- dependent central effects of botulinum neurotoxin type A: a pilot study in the alert behaving cat Neurology 1977 48 456 464
    • (1977) Neurology , vol.48 , pp. 456-464
    • Moreno-Lopez, B.1    Pastor, A.M.2    De La Cruz, R.R.3    Delgado-Garcia, J.M.4
  • 34
    • 0011140729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of botulinum toxin type a on central nervous system function
    • In*Brin M.*Jankovic J.*Hallett M. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Philadelphia eds
    • Berardelli A Gilio F Curra A Effects of botulinum toxin type A on central nervous system function In Brin M Jankovic J Hallett M eds Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin Philadelphia Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins 2002 171 177
    • (2002) Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin , pp. 171-177
    • Berardelli, A.1    Gilio, F.2    Curra, A.3
  • 35
    • 3242745955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical comparability of marketed formulations of botulinum toxin
    • Sampaio C Costa J Ferreira JJ Clinical comparability of marketed formulations of botulinum toxin Movement Disorders 2004 19 Suppl. 8 S129 S136
    • (2004) Movement Disorders , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. 8
    • Sampaio, C.1    Costa, J.2    Ferreira, J.J.3
  • 36
    • 0024596747 scopus 로고
    • Dose standardization of botulinum toxin
    • Quinn N Hallett M Dose standardization of botulinum toxin Lancet 1989 1 964
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 964
    • Quinn, N.1    Hallett, M.2
  • 38
    • 0030725728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DYSBOT: A single-blind, randomized, parallel study to determine whether any differences can be detected in the efficacy and tolerability of two formulations of botulinum toxin type A-Dysport® and Botox®- assuming a ratio of 4:1
    • Sampaio C Ferreira JJ Simoes F et al. DYSBOT: a single-blind, randomized, parallel study to determine whether any differences can be detected in the efficacy and tolerability of two formulations of botulinum toxin type A-Dysport® and Botox®- assuming a ratio of 4:1 Mov Disord 1997 12 1013 1018
    • (1997) Mov Disord , vol.12 , pp. 1013-1018
    • Sampaio, C.1    Ferreira, J.J.2    Simoes, F.3
  • 39
    • 0041325205 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of dosage effects between the American and British botulinum toxin a product in treatment of spasmodic dysphonia
    • Whurr R Brookes G Barnes C Comparison of dosage effects between the American and British botulinum toxin A product in treatment of spasmodic dysphonia Movement Disorders 1995 10 56
    • (1995) Movement Disorders , vol.10 , pp. 56
    • Whurr, R.1    Brookes, G.2    Barnes, C.3
  • 40
    • 6844239534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double blind, randomized, parallel group study to investigate the dose equivalence of Dysport® and Botox® in the treatment of cervical dystonia
    • Odergren T Hjaltason H Kaakkola S et al. A double blind, randomized, parallel group study to investigate the dose equivalence of Dysport® and Botox® in the treatment of cervical dystonia Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1998 64 6 12
    • (1998) Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 6-12
    • Odergren, T.1    Hjaltason, H.2    Kaakkola, S.3
  • 42
    • 0036828804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysport® produces intrinsically more swallowing problems than Botox®: Unexpected results from a conversion factor study in cervical dystonia
    • Dressler D Dysport® produces intrinsically more swallowing problems than Botox®: unexpected results from a conversion factor study in cervical dystonia Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2002 73 604
    • (2002) Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , vol.73 , pp. 604
    • Dressler, D.1
  • 43
    • 0037216403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autonomic side-effects of botulinum toxin type B treatment of cervical dystonia and hyperhidrosis
    • Dressler D Benecke R Autonomic side-effects of botulinum toxin type B treatment of cervical dystonia and hyperhidrosis European Journal of Neurology 2003 49 34 38
    • (2003) European Journal of Neurology , vol.49 , pp. 34-38
    • Dressler, D.1    Benecke, R.2
  • 44
    • 0011266566 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the biological activity of botulinum toxin
    • In*Jankovic J.*Hallett M. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York eds
    • Shaari CM Sanders I Assessment of the biological activity of botulinum toxin In Jankovic J Hallett M eds Therapeutic with Botulinum Toxin New York Marcel Dekker Inc. 1994 159 170
    • (1994) Therapeutic with Botulinum Toxin , pp. 159-170
    • Shaari, C.M.1    Sanders, I.2
  • 45
    • 0002929018 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and histology of therapeutic application of botulinum toxin
    • In*Jankovic J.*Hallett M. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York eds
    • Borodic GE Ferrante RJ Pearce LB Alderson K Pharmacology and histology of therapeutic application of botulinum toxin In Jankovic J Hallett M eds Therapy with Botulinum Toxin New York Marcel Dekker Inc. 1994 119 157
    • (1994) Therapy with Botulinum Toxin , pp. 119-157
    • Borodic, G.E.1    Ferrante, R.J.2    Pearce, L.B.3    Alderson, K.4
  • 46
    • 0021182987 scopus 로고
    • Compartmentalization of single muscle units in cat lateral gastrocnemius
    • English AW Weeks OI Compartmentalization of single muscle units in cat lateral gastrocnemius Experimental Brain Research 1984 56 361 368
    • (1984) Experimental Brain Research , vol.56 , pp. 361-368
    • English, A.W.1    Weeks, O.I.2
  • 47
    • 0031054672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tension distribution of single motor units in multi-tendoned muscles: Comparison of a homologous digit muscle in cats and monkeys
    • Schieber MH Chua M Petit J Hunt CC Tension distribution of single motor units in multi-tendoned muscles: comparison of a homologous digit muscle in cats and monkeys Journal of Neuroscience 1997 17 1734 1747
    • (1997) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.17 , pp. 1734-1747
    • Schieber, M.H.1    Chua, M.2    Petit, J.3    Hunt, C.C.4
  • 49
    • 3242761460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic properties of different formulations of botulinum neurotoxin type a
    • Wohlfarth K Kampe K Bigalke H Pharmacokinetic properties of different formulations of botulinum neurotoxin type A Movement Disorders 2004 19 Suppl. 8 S65 S67
    • (2004) Movement Disorders , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. 8
    • Wohlfarth, K.1    Kampe, K.2    Bigalke, H.3
  • 50
    • 0016594708 scopus 로고
    • Detection of clostridium botulinum toxin by local paralysis elicited with intramuscular challenge
    • Sugiyama H Brenner SL DasGupta BR Detection of clostridium botulinum toxin by local paralysis elicited with intramuscular challenge Applied Microbiology 1975 30 420 423
    • (1975) Applied Microbiology , vol.30 , pp. 420-423
    • Sugiyama, H.1    Brenner, S.L.2    Dasgupta, B.R.3
  • 51
    • 0033378779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical update on Botox® (botulinum toxin type A)-purified neurotoxin complex relative to other botulinum neurotoxin preparations
    • Aoki R Preclinical update on Botox® (botulinum toxin type A)-purified neurotoxin complex relative to other botulinum neurotoxin preparations European Journal of Neurology 1999 6 Suppl. 4 S3 S10
    • (1999) European Journal of Neurology , vol.6 , Issue.SUPPL. 4
    • Aoki, R.1
  • 52
    • 0034797114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the safety margins of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B and F in mice
    • Aoki R A comparison of the safety margins of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B and F in mice Toxicon 2001 39 1815 1820
    • (2001) Toxicon , vol.39 , pp. 1815-1820
    • Aoki, R.1
  • 53
    • 0036080424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes a and B preparations have different safety margins in preclinical models of muscle weakening efficacy and systemic safety
    • Aoki R Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A and B preparations have different safety margins in preclinical models of muscle weakening efficacy and systemic safety Toxicon 2002 40 923 928
    • (2002) Toxicon , vol.40 , pp. 923-928
    • Aoki, R.1
  • 54
    • 4644369057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spread of paralysis to nearby and distant noninjected muscles in a monkey hand model: Comparison of BoNTB and BoNTA
    • In*Brin M.*Jankovic J.*Hallett M. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Philadelphia eds
    • Arezzo J Litwak MS Caputo FA Meyer KE Shopp GM Spread of paralysis to nearby and distant noninjected muscles in a monkey hand model: comparison of BoNTB and BoNTA In Brin M Jankovic J Hallett M eds Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin Philadelphia Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins 2002 123 133
    • (2002) Scientific and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum Toxin , pp. 123-133
    • Arezzo, J.1    Litwak, M.S.2    Caputo, F.A.3    Meyer, K.E.4    Shopp, G.M.5
  • 55
    • 33645102205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative rat muscle diffusion study between two botulinum toxin type a preparations using digit abduction and thigh movement scales
    • (Abstract)
    • Diaz JB Rosales RL Gumangan MC Comparative rat muscle diffusion study between two botulinum toxin type A preparations using digit abduction and thigh movement scales Philippine Journal of Neurology 2004 8 61 (Abstract)
    • (2004) Philippine Journal of Neurology , vol.8 , pp. 61
    • Diaz, J.B.1    Rosales, R.L.2    Gumangan, M.C.3
  • 56
    • 33645099103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of simvastatin and gemfibrozil in the skeletal muscles of normal and diabetic rats
    • Ampil E Rosales RL Effects of simvastatin and gemfibrozil in the skeletal muscles of normal and diabetic rats Philippine Journal of Neurology 2003 7 25 30
    • (2003) Philippine Journal of Neurology , vol.7 , pp. 25-30
    • Ampil, E.1    Rosales, R.L.2
  • 60
    • 0033055065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional repair of motor endplates after botulinum neurotoxin type a poisoning: Biphasic switch of synaptic activity between nerve sprouts and their parent terminals
    • de Paiva A Meunier FA Molgo J Aoki KR Dolly JO Functional repair of motor endplates after botulinum neurotoxin type A poisoning: biphasic switch of synaptic activity between nerve sprouts and their parent terminals Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 1999 96 3200 3205
    • (1999) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) , vol.96 , pp. 3200-3205
    • De Paiva, A.1    Meunier, F.A.2    Molgo, J.3    Aoki, K.R.4    Dolly, J.O.5
  • 61
    • 0023802919 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and morphometric analysis of biopsied biceps brachii muscles in adult onset chronic proximal spinal muscular atrophy
    • Rosales RL Osame M Kouka M Arimura K Nakashima H Navarro JC Clinical and morphometric analysis of biopsied biceps brachii muscles in adult onset chronic proximal spinal muscular atrophy Brain 1988 11 859 875
    • (1988) Brain , vol.11 , pp. 859-875
    • Rosales, R.L.1    Osame, M.2    Kouka, M.3    Arimura, K.4    Nakashima, H.5    Navarro, J.C.6
  • 62
    • 0036725575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of neuromuscular blockade and recovery with botulinum toxins a and F
    • Billante CR Zealear DL Billante M et al. Comparison of neuromuscular blockade and recovery with botulinum toxins A and F Muscle and Nerve 2002 26 395 403
    • (2002) Muscle and Nerve , vol.26 , pp. 395-403
    • Billante, C.R.1    Zealear, D.L.2    Billante, M.3
  • 63
    • 0024710498 scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal expression of acetylcholine receptor RNAs in innervated and denervated rat soleus muscle
    • Goldman D Staple J Spatial and temporal expression of acetylcholine receptor RNAs in innervated and denervated rat soleus muscle Neuron 1989 3 218 228
    • (1989) Neuron , vol.3 , pp. 218-228
    • Goldman, D.1    Staple, J.2
  • 64
    • 0014734179 scopus 로고
    • Changes in motor innervations and cholinesterase localization induced by botulinum toxin in skeletal muscle of the mouse: Differences between fast and slow muscles
    • Duchen LW Changes in motor innervations and cholinesterase localization induced by botulinum toxin in skeletal muscle of the mouse: differences between fast and slow muscles Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1970 33 40 54
    • (1970) Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , vol.33 , pp. 40-54
    • Duchen, L.W.1
  • 65
    • 0033067854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle fiber-type changes induced by botulinum toxin injection in the rat larynx
    • Inagi K Muscle fiber-type changes induced by botulinum toxin injection in the rat larynx Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 1999 120 876 883
    • (1999) Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , vol.120 , pp. 876-883
    • Inagi, K.1
  • 66
    • 0030911975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle fiber atrophy in leg muscles after botulinum toxin type a treatment of cervical dystonia
    • Ansved T Odergren T Borg K Muscle fiber atrophy in leg muscles after botulinum toxin type A treatment of cervical dystonia Neurology 1997 48 1440 1442
    • (1997) Neurology , vol.48 , pp. 1440-1442
    • Ansved, T.1    Odergren, T.2    Borg, K.3
  • 67
    • 0025132464 scopus 로고
    • The response of muscle to enhanced and reduced activity
    • Hudlicka O The response of muscle to enhanced and reduced activity Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism 1990 4 417 439
    • (1990) Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.4 , pp. 417-439
    • Hudlicka, O.1
  • 68
    • 0032973277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in muscle mass and phenotype and the expression of autocrine and systemic growth factors by muscle in response to stretch and overload
    • Goldspink G Changes in muscle mass and phenotype and the expression of autocrine and systemic growth factors by muscle in response to stretch and overload Journal of Anatomy 1999 194 323 334
    • (1999) Journal of Anatomy , vol.194 , pp. 323-334
    • Goldspink, G.1
  • 69
    • 0029977960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of limb immobilization on cytochrome c oxidase activity and GLUT4 and GLUT5 protein expression in human skeletal muscle
    • Blakemore SJ Rickhuss PK Watt PW Rennie MJ Hundal HS Effects of limb immobilization on cytochrome c oxidase activity and GLUT4 and GLUT5 protein expression in human skeletal muscle Clinical Science 1996 91 591 599
    • (1996) Clinical Science , vol.91 , pp. 591-599
    • Blakemore, S.J.1    Rickhuss, P.K.2    Watt, P.W.3    Rennie, M.J.4    Hundal, H.S.5
  • 70
    • 0022506792 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin for blepharospasm: Single fiber EMG studies
    • Sanders D Massey E Buckley E Botulinum toxin for blepharospasm: single fiber EMG studies Neurology 1986 36 545 547
    • (1986) Neurology , vol.36 , pp. 545-547
    • Sanders, D.1    Massey, E.2    Buckley, E.3
  • 71
    • 0023792190 scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular effects distant from the site of botulinum neurotoxin injection
    • Olney R Aminoff M Gelb D Lowenstein D Neuromuscular effects distant from the site of botulinum neurotoxin injection Neurology 1988 38 1780 1783
    • (1988) Neurology , vol.38 , pp. 1780-1783
    • Olney, R.1    Aminoff, M.2    Gelb, D.3    Lowenstein, D.4
  • 72
    • 0025863552 scopus 로고
    • Distant effects of locally injected botulinum toxin: A double-blind study of single fiber EMG changes
    • Lange DJ Rubin M Greene PE et al. Distant effects of locally injected botulinum toxin: a double-blind study of single fiber EMG changes Muscle Nerve 1991 14 672 675
    • (1991) Muscle Nerve , vol.14 , pp. 672-675
    • Lange, D.J.1    Rubin, M.2    Greene, P.E.3
  • 74
    • 0029981270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin treatment in the facial muscles of humans: Evidence of an action in untreated near muscles by peripheral diffusion
    • Eleopora R Tugnoli V Caniatti L De Grandis D Botulinum toxin treatment in the facial muscles of humans: evidence of an action in untreated near muscles by peripheral diffusion Neurology 1996 46 1158 1160
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , pp. 1158-1160
    • Eleopora, R.1    Tugnoli, V.2    Caniatti, L.3    De Grandis, D.4
  • 75
    • 0031901958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic protein interactions in vivo: Evidence from botulinum A, C, D, and e at the frog neuromuscular junction
    • Raciborska DA Trimble WS Charlton MP Presynaptic protein interactions in vivo: evidence from botulinum A, C, D, and E at the frog neuromuscular junction European Journal of Neuroscience 1998 10 2617 2628
    • (1998) European Journal of Neuroscience , vol.10 , pp. 2617-2628
    • Raciborska, D.A.1    Trimble, W.S.2    Charlton, M.P.3
  • 76
    • 0034990815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of cleavage of SNAP-25 with muscle function in a rat model of botulinum neurotoxin type a induced paralysis
    • Jurasinski CV Lieth E Dang Do AN Schengrund CL Correlation of cleavage of SNAP-25 with muscle function in a rat model of botulinum neurotoxin type A induced paralysis Toxicon 2001 39 1309 1315
    • (2001) Toxicon , vol.39 , pp. 1309-1315
    • Jurasinski, C.V.1    Lieth, E.2    Dang Do, A.N.3    Schengrund, C.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.