New strategies in the medical treatment of carotid artery disease

Current Cardiology Reports

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 33-37

  Rajamani, Kumar ^b   Chaturvedi, Seemant ^a  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID PLUS DIPYRIDAMOLE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; ATENOLOL; ATORVASTATIN; CLOPIDOGREL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIPYRIDAMOLE; DIURETIC AGENT; EZETIMIBE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INDAPAMIDE; LOSARTAN; PERINDOPRIL; PLACEBO; RAMIPRIL; RIMONABANT; SIMVASTATIN; TICLOPIDINE; TORCETRAPIB;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLEEDING; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG MEGADOSE; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY OCCLUSION; LIFESTYLE; META ANALYSIS; REVASCULARIZATION; REVIEW; SCREENING TEST; STENT; STROKE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;

ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; CLINICAL TRIALS; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERTENSION; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 33645065360     PISSN: 15233782     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-006-0008-z     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. Barnett HJM, Taylor DW, Eliasziw M, et al., and the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. N Engl J Med 1998, 339:1415-1425.
2. Atkins D PB, Koepsell, Longstreth WT, Larson EB: Cholesterol reduction and the risk of stroke in men. Ann Intern Med 1993, 119:136-145.
3. Plehn JF, Davis BR, Sacks FM, et al.: Reduction of stroke incidence after myocardial infarction with pravastatin: the cholesterol and recurrent events (CARE) study. Circulation 1999, 99:216-223.
4. White HD, Simes RJ, Anderson NE, et al.: Pravastatin therapy and the risk of stroke. N Engl J Med 2000, 343:317-326.
5. Bucher HC, Griffith LE, Guyatt GH: Effects of HMGcoA reductase inhibitors on stroke. Ann Intern Med 1998, 128:89-95.
6. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group: Mrc/bhf heart protection study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002, 360:7-22.
7. Amarenco P, Labreuche J, Lavallee P, Touboul P-J: Statins in stroke prevention and carotid atherosclerosis: systematic review and up-to-date meta-analysis. Stroke 2004, 35:2902-2909.
8. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults: Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001, 285:2486-2497.
9. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CNB, et al., for the Coordinating Committee of the National Cholesterol Education Program, Endorsed by the National Heart L, and Blood Institute, American College of Cardiology Foundation, and American Heart Association: Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation 2004, 110:227-239.
10. Cannon CP, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, et al., Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 Investigators: Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2004, 350:1495-1504.
11. LaRosa JC, Grundy SM, Waters DD, et al., the Treating to New Targets Investigators: Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2005, 352:1425-1435.
12. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P, et al.: Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004, 291:1071-1080.
13. Ballantyne CM, Abate N, Yuan Z, et al.: Dose-comparison study of the combination of ezetimibe and simvastatin (Vytorin) versus atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia: the Vytorin Versus Atorvastatin (VYVA) study. Am Heart J 2005, 149:464-473.
14. Chohanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al.: The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. JAMA 2003, 289:2560-2572.
15. Collins R, Peto R, MacMahon S, et al.: Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 2, short-term reductions in blood pressure: Overview of randomised drug trials in their epidemiological context. Lancet 1990, 335:827-838.
16. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators: Effects of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:145-153.
17. PROGRESS Collaborative Group: Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 2001, 358:1033-1041.
18. Rosenson R: Modulating atherosclerosis through inhibition or blockade of angiotensin. Clin Cardiol 2003, 26:305-311.
19. Smith SC, Jr, Blair SN, Bonow RO, et al.: AHA/ACC guidelines for preventing heart attack and death in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: 2001 update: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology. Circulation 2001, 104:1577-1579.
20. Dahlof B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, et al.: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the losartan intervention for endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet 2002, 359:995-1003.
21. Eliasziw M, Spence JD, Barnett HJ: Carotid endarterectomy does not affect long-term blood pressure: observations from the NASCET (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial). Cerebrovasc Dis 1998, 8:20-24.
22. Antithrombotic Trialists Collaboration: Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high-risk patients. BMJ 2002, 324:71-86.
23. Diener HC, Cunha L, Forbes C, et al.: European Stroke Prevention Study 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke. J Neurol Sci 1996, 143:1-13.
24. Taylor DW, Barnett HJM, Haynes RB, et al.: Low-dose and high-dose acetylsalicylic acid for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1999, 353:2179-2184.
25. CAPRIE Steering Committee: A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet 1996, 348:1329-1339.
26. Diener HC, Bogousslavsky J, Brass LM, et al.: Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent stroke or transient ischemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2004, 364:331-337.
27. Albers GW, Amarenco P, Easton JD, et al.: Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke: The seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 2004, 126:483S-512.
28. Payne DA, Jones CI, Hayes PD, et al.: Beneficial effects of clopidogrel combined with aspirin in reducing cerebral emboli in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Circulation 2004, 109:1476-1481.
29. Chaturvedi S, Sohrab S, Tselis A: Carotid stent thrombosis: report of 2 fatal cases. Stroke 2001, 32:2700-2702.
30. Sacco RL, Benson RT, Kargman DE, et al.: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and ischemic stroke in the elderly: the Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. JAMA 2001, 285:2729-2735.
31. Brousseau ME, Schaefer EJ, Wolfe ML, et al.: Effects of an inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein on HDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med 2004, 350:1505-1515.
32. Halford JC: Clinical pharmacotherapy for obesity: current drugs and those in advanced development. Curr Drug Targets 2004, 5:637-646.
33. Toole JF, Malinow MR, Chambless LE, et al.: Lowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death: the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004, 291:565-575.
34. Chaturvedi S: Should the multicenter carotid endarterectomy trials be repeated? Arch Neurol 2003, 60:774-775.