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Volumn 71, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 2360-2372

Cyclization by intramolecular carbolithiation of alkyl- and vinyllithiums prepared by the action of aromatic radical anions on phenyl thioethers. High stereoselectivity in the cyclization accelerated by an allylic lithium oxyanion

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LITHIUM; METHANOL; NEGATIVE IONS; OLEFINS; STEREOCHEMISTRY;

EID: 33645037635     PISSN: 00223263     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jo052535m     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (38)

References (88)
  • 1
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    • Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pittsburgh
    • Taken in part from the Ph.D. thesis of Kai Deng: Deng, K. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 2004.
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    • The earliest reports of such cyclizations involved Grignard reagents and are due to the pioneering work of Richey: (e) Richey, H. G., Jr.; Rees, T. C. Tetrahedron Lett. 1966, 36, 4297-4301.
    • (1966) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.36 , pp. 4297-4301
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    • Block, E., Ed.; VCH Publishers: New York, Chapter 7
    • (b) Cohen, T. In Heteroatom Chemistry; Block, E., Ed.; VCH Publishers: New York, 1990; Chapter 7, pp 129-42.
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    • (c) For a review of the special method that uses a catalytic amount of the aromatic and a large excess of lithium, see: Ramón, D. J.; Yus, M. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 225-237.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Org. Chem. , pp. 225-237
    • Ramón, D.J.1    Yus, M.2
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    • note
    • 7 in which phenyl thioethers are substrates (two examples),
  • 37
    • 0003320995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • in which a nitrile was the substrate (one example)
    • by (b) Rychnovsky, S. D.; Hata, T.; Kim, A. I.; Buckmelter, A. J. Org. Lett. 2001. 3, 807-810 in which a nitrile was the substrate (one example),
    • (2001) Org. Lett. , vol.3 , pp. 807-810
    • Rychnovsky, S.D.1    Hata, T.2    Kim, A.I.3    Buckmelter, A.J.4
  • 38
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    • preliminary communication
    • and by (c) Yus, M.; Ortiz, R.; Huerta, F. F. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 2957-2960 (preliminary communication);
    • (2002) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.43 , pp. 2957-2960
    • Yus, M.1    Ortiz, R.2    Huerta, F.F.3
  • 43
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    • note
    • After our study of this cyclization was completed, ref 17b,c appeared in which tertiary organolithiums, prepared by reductive lithiation of a nitrile and an alkyl chloride, respectively, were added intramolecularly to alkenes.
  • 44
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    • note
    • It is somewhat surprising that the analogue of 4 bearing ethyl groups in place of the methyl groups of 4 was reported in ref 17c (in the preliminary communication in Tetrahedron Lett., the organolithium 4 itself was erroneously drawn and the error was corrected in the Tetrahedron full paper) to be unstable at -78 °C, removing a proton from the solvent THF. In our experiment, 4 survived except for some cyclization to 7. While the diethyl analogue would be expected to be more basic than 4, it is possible that the proton that replaced the lithium was contributed by the added electrophile, 3-pentanone.
  • 45
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    • note
    • Yields slightly higher and slightly lower than this range were observed when the reductive lithiation was performed in the presence of the carbonyl-trapping reagent.
  • 46
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    • note
    • For the reader's guidance, it should be noted that (1) the secondary organolithium used was depicted as 10 in the preliminary communication in ref 17c, but that was acknowledged to be in error in the full paper and to be 6-lithio-1-nonene instead, and (2) the product of cyclization of the secondary organolithium in the full paper is drawn as 2-ethylcyclopentylmethyllithium whereas it must actually be 2-n-propylcyclopentylmethyllithium.
  • 50
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    • The corresponding carbomagnesiation, occurring at a higher temperature, also produces mainly trans product: Kossa, J. W. C.; Rees, T. C.; Richey, J. H. G. Tetrahedron Lett. 1971, 12, 3455-3458.
    • (1971) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.12 , pp. 3455-3458
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  • 56
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    • note
    • Metallo-ene cyclizations are also intramolecular carbometalations resulting most usually in five-membered rings, but they differ from the cyclizations described in the present paper in that the organometallic is an ailylmetal rather than an unconjugated alkylmetal.
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    • 13C NMR) were identical to the literature values. Molander, G. A.; Mckie, J. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 3132-3139.
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    • note
    • 2b quite reasonably invoked coordination of the Li attached to carbon to both the axial O atom and the π bond in a conformation analogous to 24b in a study of the cyclization of the analogue of 24 lacking the C-methyl group and with a MeO group in place of the OLi group of 24 in order to account for the modest cis selectivity under certain conditions. Such interaction appears to be weak according to the data provided, and it is not unexpected in view of the fact that the supposedly more powerful electrophilic participation that we suggest is not available in the case of the ether.
  • 74
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    • Further examples of cyclizations of unconjugated alkyllithiums aided by a terminal phenylthio group: Kim, S.; Kim, B. S.; Jon, S. Y. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 1994, 701-702.
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    • Kim, S.1    Kim, B.S.2    Jon, S.Y.3
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    • A satisfactory yield of a four-membered ring was obtained when an alkyllithium underwent intramolecular conjugate addition to an unsaturated ester: Cooke, M. P. J.; Widener, R. K. J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 1381-1396.
    • (1987) J. Org. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 1381-1396
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  • 78
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    • For a discussion of the production of vinyllithiums from vinyl phenyl sulfides, see: Cohen T.; Doubleday: M. D. J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 4784-4786.
    • (1990) J. Org. Chem. , vol.55 , pp. 4784-4786
    • Cohen, T.1    Doubleday, M.D.2
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    • For the use of Montmorillonite clay for the production of 60, see: Labiad, B.; Villemin, D. Synthesis 1989, 143-44.
    • (1989) Synthesis , pp. 143-144
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  • 80
  • 85
    • 33645033103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Experimental details for the preparation of LDMAN can be found in the Supporting Information.
  • 86
    • 33645017949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Experimental details for the preparation of LDBB can be found in the Supporting Information.
  • 87
    • 33645034294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • "*" Means that the compound is racemic and thus that these are relative configurations.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.