Difference between relativistic petawatt-picosecond laser-plasma interaction and subrelativistic plasma-block generation

Laser and Particle Beams

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 441-451

  Hora, Heinrich ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Debye lager fields; Ion highly charged; Laser plasma interaction; Nonlinear forces; Particle in cell (PIC); Ponderomotion; Relativistic laser effects; Skin layer acceleration

Indexed keywords

IGNITION; LASER APPLICATIONS; LASER PULSES; NONLINEAR SYSTEMS; PLASMA SIMULATION; PLASMAS; RELATIVITY;

DEBYE LAGER FIELDS; ION HIGHLY CHARGED; LASER PLASMA INTERACTION; NONLINEAR FORCES; PARTICLE-IN-CELL (PIC); PONDEROMOTION; RELATIVISTIC LASER EFFECTS; SKIN LAYER ACCELERATION;

BEAM PLASMA INTERACTIONS;

EID: 33644929497     PISSN: 02630346     EISSN: 1469803X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0263034605050627     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (105)

1. AZECHI, H., JITSUNO, T., KANABE, M., MIMA, K., MIYANAGA, N, NAKAI, S., NAKAISHI, H., NAKATSUKA, M., NISHIGUCHI, A., NORREYS, P.A., SETSUHARA, Y., TAKAGI, M., YAMANAKA M. & YAMANAKA, C. (1991). High-density compression experiments at ILE, Osaka. Laser Part. Beams 9, 167-208.
2. BADZIAK, J., GLOWACZ, S., JABLONSKI, S., PARYS, P., WOLOWSKI, J. & HORA, H. (2005). Laser-driven generation of high-current ion beams using skin-layer ponderomotive acceleration. Laser Part. Beams 23, 401-409.
3. BADZIAK, J., GLOWACZ, S., JABLONSKI, S., PARYS., P., WOLOWSKI, J., HORA, H, KRASKA, J., LASKA, J. & ROHLENA, R. (2004b). Production of ultrahigh ion current densities at Skin-Layer subrelativistic laser-plasma interaction, Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion 46, B541-B555.
4. BADZIAK, J., GLOWACZ, S.G., JABLONSKI, S., PARYA, P., WOLOWSK, J. & HORA, H. (2004a). Production of ultrahigh-current-density ion beams by short-pulse skin-layer laser-plasma interaction. Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3041-3043.
5. BADZIAK, J., HORA, H., WORYNA, S., JABLONSKI, S., LASKA, L., PARYS, P., ROHLENA, K. & WOLOWSKI, J. (2003). Experimental evidence of differences in properties of fast ion fluxes form short-pulse and long-pulse laser-plasma interaction. Phys. Lett. A 315, 452-457.
6. BADZIAK, J., KOZLOV, A.A., MAKOWSKI, J., PARYS., P., RYC, L., WOLOWSKI, J., WORYNA, E. & VANKOV A.B. (1999). Investigation of ion streams emitted from plasma produced with a high-power picosecond laser. Laser Part. Beams 17, 323-329.
7. BALAKIREV, V.A., KARA, I.V., KARAS, V.I., LEVCHENKO, V.D. & BORNATICI, M. (2004). Charged particle acceleration by an intense wake-field excited in plasmas by either laser pulse or relativistic electron bunch. Laser Part. Beams 22, 383-392.
8. BOBIN, J.L. (1971). Flame propagation and overdense heating in laser created plasma. Phys. Fluids 14, 2341-2356.
9. BOBIN, J.L. (1974). Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena (Schwarz, H. and Hora, H., Eds.). New York: Plenum.
10. BOODY, F.P., HÖPEL, R., HORA, H. & KELLY, J.C. (1996). Laser-driven ion source for reduced-cost implantation of metal ions for strong reduction of dry friction and increased durability. Laser Part. Beams 14, 443-448.
11. BRUECKNER, K.A. & JORNA, S. (1974). Laser driven fusion. Rev. Mod. Phys. 46, 325-367.
12. CAMPBELL, E.M. (1992). The physics of megajoule, large-scale, and ultrafast short-scale laser plasmas. Phys. Fluids B4, 3781-3799.
13. CAMPBELL, E.M., BALDWIN, D. & BLUE, N. (2000). Congratulation message for Professor Chiyoe Yamanaka. In Light and Shade: Festschrift to the 77th Birthday of Chiyoe Yamanaka. Osaka University: ILE, pp. 470-472.
14. CAMPBELL, E.M., HOLMES, N.C., LIBBY, B.S., REMINGTON, B.A. & TELLER, E. (1997). The evolution of high-energy-density physics: From nuclear testing to the superlasers. Laser Part. Beams 15, 607-618.
15. CANG, Y., OSMAN, F., HORA, H., ZHANG, J., BADZIAK, J., WOLOWSKI, J., JUNGWIRTH, K., ROHLENA, K., ULLSCHMIED, J. (2005). Computations for nonlinear force driven plasma blocks by picosecond laser pulses for fusion. J. Plasma Phys 71, 35-51.
16. CHU, M.S. (1972). Thermonuclear reaction waves at high densities. Phys. Fluids 15, 413-422.
17. CLARK, R., HORA, H., RAY, P.S. & SIR ERNEST TITTERTON. (1978). Evaluation of cross sections of the Li(d,α)α reaction. Phys. Rev. C18, 1127-1132.
18. CLARK, F.L., KRUSHELNIK, K., ZEPF, M., BEG, F.N., TATARAKIS, M., MACHACEK, A., SANTALA, M.I.K., WATTS, I., NORREYS, P.A. & DANGOR A.E. (2001). Energetic heavy ion and proton generation from ultraintense laser-plasma interactions with solids. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1654-1657.
19. COCKROFT, J., et al. (1933). Proc. Roy. Soc. London A 137, 229.
20. DEUTSCH, C. (2004). Penetration of intense charge particle beams in the outer layers of precompressed thermonuclear fuels. Laser Part. Beams 22, 115-120.
21. 2 laser-produced plasma. J. Appl. Phys. 46, 2464-2467.
22. ELIEZER, S. & HORA, H. (1989). Double layers in laser-produced plasmas. Phys. Rep. 172, 339-406.
23. ESAREY, E., SPRANGLE, P., KROLL, N.M. & TING, A. (1997). Self-focusing and guiding of short laser pulses in ionizing gases and plasmas. IEEE J. Quan. Electr. QE-33, 1879-1891.
24. ESIRKEPOV, T., BORGHESI, M., BULANOV, S.V., MOUROU, G. & TAJIMA, T. (2004). Highly efficient relativistic-ion generation in the laser-piston regime. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175003.
25. GABOR, D. (1953). Collective model for particle interaction in plasmas. Proc. Royal Soc. Landon A 213, 73-92.
26. GITOMER, S.J., JONES, R.D., BEGAY, F., EHLER, A.W., KEPHART, J.F. & KRISTAL, R. (1986). Fast ions and hot-electrons in the laser-plasma interaction. Phys. Fluids 29, 2679-2688.
27. GRESCHIK, F. & KULL, H.-J. (2004). Two-dimensional PIC simulation of atomic clusters in intense laser fields. Laser Part. Beams 22, 137-147.
28. HAIN, S. & MULSER, P. (2001). Fast ignition without hole boring. Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, 1015-1018.
29. HARTEMANN, F.V. (2002). Hugh Field Electrodynamics. Baton Rough, FL: CRC Press.
30. HARTEMANN, F.V., VAN METER, J.R., TROHA, A.L., LANDAHL, E.C., LUHMANN, N.C., BALDIS, H.A., GUPTA, A. & KERMAN, A.K. (1998). Three-dimensional relativistic electron scattering in an ultrahigh-intensity laser focus. Phys. Rev. E 58, 5001-5012.
31. HASEROTH, H. & HORA, H. (1996). Physical mechanisms leading to high currents of highly charged ions in laser-driven ion sources. Laser Part. Beams 14, 393.
32. HÄUSER, T., SCHEID. W. & HORA, H. (1994). Acceleration of electrons by intense laser pulses in vacuum. Phys. Lett. A 186, 189.
33. HÄUSER, T., SCHEID, W. & HORA, H. (1992). Theory of ions emitted in a plasma by relativistic self-focusing of laser beams. Phys. Rev. A 45, 1278.
34. HOFFMANN, D.H.H., BLAZEVIC, A., NI, P., ROSMEJ, O., ROTH, M., TAHIR, N.A., TAUSCHWITZ, A., UDREA, S., VARENTSOV, D., WEYRICH, K. & MARON, Y. (2005). Present and future perspectives for high energy density physics with intense heavy ion and laser beams. Laser Part. Beams 23, 47-53.
35. HORA, H. (1969). Self-focusing of laser beams in a plasma by ponderomotive forces. Zeitschrift d. Physik 226, 156-159.
36. HORA, H. (1973). Relativistic oscillation of charged particles in laser fields and pair production, Nature (London) Phys. Soc. 243, 34.
37. HORA, H. (1975). Theory of relativistic self-focusing of laser radiation in plasmas. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 65, 882-886.
38. HORA, H. (1983). Interpenetration burn for controlled inertial confinement fusion driven by nonlinear laser forces. Atomkernenergie 42, 7-10.
39. HORA, H. (1985). The transient electrodynamic forces at laser-plasma Interaction. Phys. Fluids 28, 3705-3706.
40. HORA, H. (1988). Particle acceleration by superposition of frequency-controlled laser pulses. Nature 333, 337-338.
41. HORA, H. (1991). Plasmas at High Temperature and Density. Heidelberg: Springer.
42. HORA, H. (2000). Laser Plasma Physics, Forces and the Nonlinearity Principle. Bellingham WA: SPIE Press.
43. HORA, H. (2003). Skin-depth theory explaining anomalous picosecond-terawatt laser plasma interaction II. Czech. J. Phys. 53, 199-217.
44. HORA, H. (2004). Developments in inertial fusion energy and beam fusion at magnetic confinement. Laser Part. Beams 22, 439-449.
45. HORA, H. & RAY, P.S. (1978). Increased nuclear fusion yields of inertial confined dt plasma due to reheat. Zeitschrift f. Naturforschung 33A, 890-894.
46. HORA, H. & WANG, L. (2001). Comments on measurements by J. Zhang et al., Summit on Plasma Physics, Feb., Islamabad.
47. HORA, H., AZECHI, H., KITAGAWA, Y., MIMA, K., MURAKAMI, M., NAKAI, S., NISHIHARA, K., TAKABE, K., YAMANAKA, M. & YAMANAKA, C. (1998). Measured laser fusion gains reproduced by self-similar volume compression and volume ignition for NIF conditions. J. Plasma Phys. 60, 743-760.
48. HORA, H., BADZIAK, J., BOODY, F., HÖPFL, R., JUNGWIRTH, K., KRALIKOWA, B., KRASKA, J., LASKA, L., PARYS, P., PERINA, V., PFEIFER, K. & ROHLENA, J. (2002). Effects of ps and ns. laser pulses for giant ion source. Opt. Commun. 207, 333-338.
49. HORA, H., HEOLSS, M., SCHEID, W., WANG, J.X., Ho, Y.K., OSMAN, F. & CASTILLO R. (2000). Principle of high accuracy for the nonlinear theory of the acceleration of electrons in a vacuum by lasers at relativistic intensities. Laser Part. Beams 18, 135-144.
50. HORA, H., LALOUSIS, P. & ELIEZER, S. (1984). Analysis of the inverted double layers in nonlinear force produced cavitons at laser-plasma interaction. Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 1650-1652.
51. HORA, H., MILEY, G.H. & OSMAN, F. (2005). Boltamann equilibrium o endothermic heavy nuclear synthesis in the universe and a quark relation to the magic numbers. Astrophys. Space Sci. 298 (in print).
52. HORA, H., MILEY, G.H., TOUPS, P., EVANS, P., OSMAN, F., CASTILLO, R., MIMA, K., MURAKAMI, M., NAKAI, S., NISHIHARA, K., YAMANAKA, C. & YAMANAKA, T. (2003). Single event high compression inertial confinement of low temperature compared with the fast ignitor. J. Plasma Phys. 69, 413-430.
53. HORA, H., MIN, GU, ELIEZER, S., LALOUSIS, P., PEASE, R.S. & SZICHMAN, H. (1989). On surface tension in plasmas. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sc. PS-17, 284-289.
54. HORA, H., OSMAN, F., CASTILLO, R., COLLINS, M., STAIT-GARDENER, T., WAI-KIM, CHAN, HOELSS, M., SCHEID, W., WANG, JIA-ZHANG & Ho, Yu-KIN (2002a). Laser-generated pair production and Hawking-Unruh radiation. Laser Part. Beams 20, 79-78.
55. HORA, H., OSMAN, F., HÖPFL, R., BADZIAK, J., PARYS, P., WOLOWSKI, J., SKALA, J., ULLSCHMIED, J., WOLOWSKI, J., WORYNA, E., WORYNA, W., BOODY, F., JUNGWIRTH, K., KRALIKOWA, B., KRASKA, J., LASKA, L., PFEIFER, M., ROHLENA, K., SKALA, J. & ULLSCHMIED J. (2002b). Skin depth theory explaining anomalous picosecond laser plasma interaction. Czech. J. Phys. 52, D349-D361.
56. JONES, D.A. KANE, E.L., LALOUSIS, P, WILES, P.R. & HORA, H. (1982). Density modification and energetic ion production at relativistic self-focusing of laser beams in plasmas. Phys. Fluids 25, 2295-2302.
57. JOSHI, C. & KATSOULEASE, T. (2003). Plasma accelerators at the energy frontier and on tabletops. Physics Today 56, 47.
58. KATSOULEAS, T. (2004). Progress on plasma accelerators: from the energy frontier to tabletops. Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion 46, B575.
59. KEY, H.M. (2001). Fast track to fusion energy. Nature 412, 775-776.
60. KITAGAWA, Y., MATSUMOTO, T., MINAMIHATA, T., SAWAI, K., MATSUO, K., MIMA, K., NISHIHARA, K., AZECHI, H., TANAKA, K.A., TAKABE, H. & NAKAI, S. (1992). Beat-wave excitation of plasma-wave and observation of accelerated electrons. Phys. Rev. Letters 68, 48-51.
61. KODAMA & FAST IGNITOR CONSORTIUM (2002). Fast heating scalable to laser fusion ignition. Nature 418, 933-943.
62. KRUER, W.L. (1988). Physics of Laser Plasma Interactions. Red-wood City, CA: Addison-Wesley.
63. LEDINGHAM, K.W.D., SPENCER, I., MCCANNY, T., SINGHAL, R.P., SANTALA, M.I.K., CLARK, E., WATTS, I., BEG, F.N., ZEPF, M., KRUSHELNIK, K., TATARAKIS, M., DANGOR, A.E., NORREYS, P.A., ALLOTT, R., NEELY, D., CLARK., R.J., MACHACEK, A.C., WARK, J.S., CRESSWELL, A.J., SANDERSON, D.C.W. & MAGILL, J. (2000). Photonuclear physics when a multiterawatt laser pulse interacts with solid targets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 899-902.
64. LEEMANS, W.P., RODGERS, D., CATRAVAS, P.E., GEDDES, C.G.R., FUBIANI, G., ESAREY, E., SHADWICK, B.A., DONAHUE, R. & SMITH, A. (2001). Gamma-neutron activation experiments using laser wakefield accelerators. Phys. Plasmas 8, 2510-2516.
65. LEFEBVRE, E., MALKA, G. & MIQUEL, J.L. (1998). Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1352.
66. LEON, P.T., ELIEZER, S., MARTINEZ-VAL, S. & PIERA, M. (2001). Fusion burning waves in degenerate plasmas. Phys. Lett. A289, 135.
67. LI, X.Z., TIAN, J., MEI, M.Y. & LI, C.X. (2000). Phys. Rev. C61, 0246101.
68. LI, X.Z., LIU, B., CHEN, S.I., WEI, Q.M. & HORA, H. (2004). Fusion cross-sections for inertial fusion energy. Laser Part. Beams 22, 469.
69. LIMPOUCH, J., Klimo, O., Bina, V. & Kawata, S. (2004). Numerical studies on the ultrashort pulse K-α emission sources based on femtosecond laser-target interactions. Laser Part. Beams 22, 147-156.
70. MAGILL, I., SCHWOERER, H., EWALD, F., GALY, F., SCHENKEL, R. & SAUERBREY, R. (2003). Terawatt laser pulses for transmutation of long lived nuclear waste. Appl. Phys. B77, 387-392.
71. MALKA, V. & FRITZILER, S. (2004). Electron and proton beams produced by ultra short laser pulses in the relativistic regime. Laser Part. Beams 22, 399.
72. MILEY, G.H., HORA, H., OSMAN, F., EVANS, P. & TOUPS, P. (2005). Single event laser fusion using ns-MJ laser pulses. Laser Part. Beams 23, 453-460.
73. MILEY, G.H. et al. (2004). SPIE Proc. 5448, 973.
74. MILEY, G.H., et al. (2003). Inertial Fusion Science and Application (Hammel, B.A., et al., Eds.), p. 418. LaGrange, IL: American Nuclear Society.
75. MOUROU, G. & TAJIMA, T. (2002). Ultraintense lasers and their applications. In Inertial Fusion Science and Applications 2001 (Tanaka, K.A., Meyerhofer, D.D. and Meyer-ter-Vehn, J., Eds.), p. 831-839. Paris: Elsevier.
76. MULSER, P. & BAUER, D. (2004). Fast ignition of fusion pellets with superintense lasers: Concepts, problems and prospectives. Laser Part. Beams 22, 5-12.
77. MULSER, P. & SCHNEIDER, R. (2004). On the inefficiency of hole boring in fast ignition. Laser Part. Beams 22, 157.
78. NUCKOLLS, J.L. & WOOD, L. (2002). Future of Inertial Fusion Energy. Livermore, CA: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Preprint, UCRL-JC-149860.
79. OLIPHANT, M.L.E., HARTECK, P. & LORD RUTHERFORD. (1934). Transmutation effects observed with heavy hydrogen. Proc. Roy. Soc. London A 144, 692-714.
80. OSMAN, F., GHAHRAMANN, N. & HORA, H. (2005). Debye sheath mechanism at laser plasma interaction and generalization to nuclear forces and quark-glucon plasma. Laser Part. Beams 23, 461-466.
81. OSMAN, F., BEECH, R. & HORA, H. (2004a). Solutions of the nonlinear paraxial equation due to laser-plasma interactions. Laser Part. Beams 22, 69-74.
82. OSMAN, F., CASTILLO, R. & HORA, H. (1999). Relativistic and ponderomotive self-focusing at laser-plasma interaction. J. Plasma Phys. 61, 263-273.
83. OSMAN, F., HORA, H., CANG, Y., EVANS, P., CAO, L.H., LIU, H., HE, X.T., BADZIAK, J., PARYS, A.B., WOLOWSKI, E., WORYNA, E., JUNGWIRTH, K., KRALIKOVA, B., KRASLA, J., LASKA, J., PFEIFER, M., ROHLENA, K., SKALA, J. & ULLSCHMIED, J. (2004b). Skin depth plasma front interaction mechanism with prepulse suppression to avoid relativistic self focusing for high gain laser fusion. Laser Part. Beams 22, 83-88.
84. PERRY, M.V. & MOUROU, G. (1994). Terawatt to petawatt subpico-second lasers. Science 264, 917-924.
85. ROTH, M., COWAN, T.E., HUNT, A.W., JOHNSON, J., BROEN, S.P., FOUNTAIN, W., HATCHETT, S.P., HENRY, E.A., KEY, M.H., KUEHL, T., PARNELL, T., PENNINGTON, D.W., PERRY, M.D., SANGSTER, T.C., CHRISTI, M., SINGH, M., SNAVELY, R., STOYER, M., TAKAHASHI, Y. & WILKS, S.C. (2000). High-energy electron, positron, ion and nuclear spectroscopy in ultra-intense laser-solid experiments on the petawatt. In Inertial Fusion Science and Applications 1999 (Labaune, C., Hogan, W.J. & Tanaka, K.A., Eds.), pp. 1010-1015. Paris: Elsevier.
86. ROTH, M., COWAN, I.E., KEY, M.H., HATCHETT, S.P., BROWN, C., FOUNTAIN, W., JOHNSON, J., PENNINGTON, D.W., SNAVELY, R.A., WILKS, S.C., YASUIKE, K., RUHL, H., PEGORARO, F., BULANOV, S.V., CAMPBELL, E.M., PERRY, M.D. & POWELL, H. (2001). Fast ignition by intense laser accelerated proton beams. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 436-43.
87. SARI, A.H., OSMAN, F., GHORANNEVISS, M., HORA, H., HOPEL, R., BENSTETTER, G. & HANTEHZADEH, M.H. (2005). Application of laser driven fast high density plasma blocks for ion implantation. Laser Part. Beams 23, 467-473.
88. SAUERBREY, R. (1996). Acceleration in femtosecond laser produced plasmas. Phys. Plasma 3, 4712-4716.
89. SCHÄFER, F.P. (1986). Appl. Phys. B39, 1.
90. SCHAUMANN, G., SCHOLLMEIER, M.S., RODRIGUEZ-PRIETO, G., BLAZEVIC, A., BRAMBRINK, E., GEISSEL, M., KOROSTITY, S., PIRZADEHI, P., ROTH, M., ROSMEJ, F.B., FAENOV, A.YA., PIKUZ, T.A., TSIGUTKIN, K., MARON, Y. & TARHIR, N.A. (2005). High energy heavy ion jets emerging from laser plasma generated by long pulse laser beams from NHELIX laser system at GSI. Laser Part. Beams 23, 503-511.
91. SCHEID, W. & HORA, H. (1989). On Electron acceleration by plane transverse electromagnetic pulses in vacuum. Laser Part. Beams 7, 315-332.
92. SCHWOERER, H., GIBBON, P., DUESTERER, S., BEHRENS, K., ZIENER, C., REICH, C. & SAUERBREY, R. (2001). Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2317-2320.
93. SHOROKHOV, O. & PUKHOV, A. (2004). Ion acceleration in over-dense plasma by short laser pulse. Laser Part. Beams 22, 175.
94. TABAK, M., GLINSKY, M.N., KRUER, W.L., WILKS, S.C., WOODWORTH, J., CAMPBELL, E.M., PERRY, M.D. & MASON, R.J. (1994). Ignition and high-gain with ultrapowerful lasers. Phys. Plasmas 1, 1626-1634.
95. TEUBNER, U., BERGMANN, B., VAN WONTERGEHM, B., SCHÄFER, F.P. & SAUERBREY, R. (1993). Angle dependent X-ray emission and resonance-absorption in a laser produced plasma generated by a high-intensity ultrashort pulse. Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 794-797.
96. THOMAS, O. (2004). Planning of the acceleration after LHC. Phys. J. 3, 14-15.
97. UMSTADTER, R. (1996). Terawatt lasers produce faster electron acceleration. Laser Focus 32, 101-107.
98. WÄGLI, P. & DONALDSON, Z. (1978). Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 875-878.
99. WANG, J.X., Ho, Y.K., KONG, Q., ZHU, L.J., FENG, J., SCHEID, W. & HORA, H. (1998). Electron capture and violent acceleration by an extra-intense laser beam. Phys. Rev. E, 58, 6576-6577
100. WILKS, S.C., KRUER, W.L., TABAK, M. & LANGDON, A.B. (1992). Absorption of ultra-intense laser pulses. Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1383-1386.
101. WILKS, S.C., LANGDON, A.B., COWAN, T.E., ROTH, M., SINGH, M., HACKETT, S., KEY, M.H., PENNINGTON, D., MCKINNON, A. & SNAVELY, R.A. (2001). Phys. Plasmas 8, 542.
102. WOLOWSKI, J. BADZIAK, F., BOODY, B., HORA, H., HNATOWICZ., V., JUNGWIRTH, K., KRASKA, J., LASKA, L., PARYS, P., PERINA, V., PFEIFER, M., ROHLENA, K., RYC, L., ULLSCHMIED, J. & WORYNA, E. (2002). Fast ion emission from the plasma produced by the PALS laser system. Plasma Phy. Contr. Fusion 44, 1277-1283.
103. WOLOWSKI, J., BADZIAK, J., BOODY, B., GAMMINO, S., HORA, H., JUNGWIRTH, K., KASKA, J., LASKA, L., PARYS, P., PFEIFER, M., ROHLENA, K., SZYDLOWSKI, A., TORRIS, L., ULLSCHMIED, J. & WORYNA, E. (2003). Characteristics of ion emission from plasma produced by high-energy short-wavelength (438 nm) laser radiation. Plasma Phys.Contr. Fusion 45, 1087-1099.
104. WORYNA, E., WOLOWSKI, J., KRALIKOWA, B., KRASKA, J., LASKA, L., PFEIFER, M., ROHLENA, K., SKALA, J., PERINA, V., BOODAY, F.P. & HORA, H. (2000). Laser produced ag ions for direct implantation. Rev. Sci. Instr. 71, 949-951.
105. ZHANG, P., HE, J.T., CHEN, D.B., LI, Z.H., ZHANG, Y., WONG, LANG, LI, Z.L., FENG, B.H., ZHANG, D.X., TANG, X.W. & ZHANG, J. ( 1998). X-Ray emission from ultraintense-ultrashort laser irradiation. Phys. Rev. E57, 3746-3752.