메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 126, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 213-219

The local side effects of inhaled corticosteroids: Current understanding and review of the literature

Author keywords

Asthma; Corticosteroid; Inhaler; Laryngitis; Local side effects; Pharyngitis

Indexed keywords

BECLOMETASONE DIPROPIONATE; BUDESONIDE; CORTICOSTEROID; FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE;

EID: 3242734980     PISSN: 00123692     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1378/chest.126.1.213     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (184)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0026051528 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid therapy for asthma: Clinical pharmacology
    • Szelfler SJ, Glucocorticoid therapy for asthma: clinical pharmacology. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 88:147-165
    • (1991) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.88 , pp. 147-165
    • Szelfler, S.J.1
  • 2
    • 0028889036 scopus 로고
    • Adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids
    • Hanania NA, Chapman KR, Kesten S. Adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids. Am J Med 1995; 98:196-208
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.98 , pp. 196-208
    • Hanania, N.A.1    Chapman, K.R.2    Kesten, S.3
  • 3
    • 0025067444 scopus 로고
    • Effects of glucocorticoids on inflammatory cells relevant to their therapeutic applications in asthma
    • Schleimer RP. Effects of glucocorticoids on inflammatory cells relevant to their therapeutic applications in asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141:S59-S69
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.141
    • Schleimer, R.P.1
  • 4
    • 0027238272 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma
    • Taylor IK, Shaw RJ. The mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma. Respir Med 1993; 87:261-277
    • (1993) Respir Med , vol.87 , pp. 261-277
    • Taylor, I.K.1    Shaw, R.J.2
  • 5
    • 0025073318 scopus 로고
    • Effect of corticosteroids on airway hyper-responsiveness
    • Barnes PJ. Effect of corticosteroids on airway hyper-responsiveness. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141:S70-S76
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.141
    • Barnes, P.J.1
  • 6
    • 0027468723 scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma
    • Barnes PJ. Anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma. Annu Rev Med 1993; 44:229-242
    • (1993) Annu Rev Med , vol.44 , pp. 229-242
    • Barnes, P.J.1
  • 8
    • 0033956772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of inhaled corticosteroids in adults with asthma
    • Anonymous. The use of inhaled corticosteroids in adults with asthma. Drug Ther Bull 2000; 38:5-8
    • (2000) Drug Ther Bull , vol.38 , pp. 5-8
  • 9
    • 0023705996 scopus 로고
    • Effect of high-dose inhaled Budesonide on calcium and phosphate metabolism and the risk of osteoporosis
    • Toogood JH, Crilly RG, Jones G, et al. Effect of high-dose inhaled Budesonide on calcium and phosphate metabolism and the risk of osteoporosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138:57-61
    • (1988) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.138 , pp. 57-61
    • Toogood, J.H.1    Crilly, R.G.2    Jones, G.3
  • 10
    • 0026647699 scopus 로고
    • Bone density in asthmatic patients taking high dose inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate and intermittent systemic corticosteroids
    • Packe GE, Douglas JG, McDonald AF, et al. Bone density in asthmatic patients taking high dose inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate and intermittent systemic corticosteroids. Thorax 1992; 47:414-417
    • (1992) Thorax , vol.47 , pp. 414-417
    • Packe, G.E.1    Douglas, J.G.2    McDonald, A.F.3
  • 11
    • 0025226590 scopus 로고
    • Adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids
    • Maxwell DL. Adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids. Biomed Pharmacother 1990; 44:421-427
    • (1990) Biomed Pharmacother , vol.44 , pp. 421-427
    • Maxwell, D.L.1
  • 12
    • 0025368394 scopus 로고
    • Purpura and dermal thinning associated with high dose inhaled corticosteroids
    • Capewell S, Reynolds S, Shuttleworth D, et al. Purpura and dermal thinning associated with high dose inhaled corticosteroids. BMJ 1990; 300:1548-1551
    • (1990) BMJ , vol.300 , pp. 1548-1551
    • Capewell, S.1    Reynolds, S.2    Shuttleworth, D.3
  • 13
    • 0026806260 scopus 로고
    • Easy bruising as a side effect of inhaled corticosteroids
    • Mak VH, Melchor R, Spiro SG. Easy bruising as a side effect of inhaled corticosteroids. Eur Respir J 1992; 5:1068-1074
    • (1992) Eur Respir J , vol.5 , pp. 1068-1074
    • Mak, V.H.1    Melchor, R.2    Spiro, S.G.3
  • 14
    • 0030859363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of cataracts
    • Cumming RG, Mitchell P, Leeder SR. Use of inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of cataracts. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:8-14
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 8-14
    • Cumming, R.G.1    Mitchell, P.2    Leeder, S.R.3
  • 15
    • 0031044736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled and nasal glucocorticoids and the risks of ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma
    • Garbe E, LeLorier J, Boivin J-F, et al. Inhaled and nasal glucocorticoids and the risks of ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. JAMA 1997; 277:722-727
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 722-727
    • Garbe, E.1    LeLorier, J.2    Boivin, J.-F.3
  • 16
    • 0029010454 scopus 로고
    • Frequency of voice problems and cough in patients using pressurised aerosol steroid preparations
    • Williamson IJ, Matusiewicz SP, Brown PH et al. Frequency of voice problems and cough in patients using pressurised aerosol steroid preparations. Eur Respir J 1995; 8:590-592
    • (1995) Eur Respir J , vol.8 , pp. 590-592
    • Williamson, I.J.1    Matusiewicz, S.P.2    Brown, P.H.3
  • 17
    • 0023681451 scopus 로고
    • The effect of inhaled steroids on the upper respiratory tract
    • Babu S, Samuel P. The effect of inhaled steroids on the upper respiratory tract. J Laryngol Otol 1988; 102:592-594
    • (1988) J Laryngol Otol , vol.102 , pp. 592-594
    • Babu, S.1    Samuel, P.2
  • 18
    • 0021087355 scopus 로고
    • Dysphonia caused by inhaled steroids: Recognition of a characteristic laryngeal abnormality
    • Williams AJ, Baghat MS, Stableforth DE, et al. Dysphonia caused by inhaled steroids: recognition of a characteristic laryngeal abnormality. Thorax 1983; 38:813-821
    • (1983) Thorax , vol.38 , pp. 813-821
    • Williams, A.J.1    Baghat, M.S.2    Stableforth, D.E.3
  • 19
    • 0034847405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local side effects of inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic children: Influence of drug, dose, age and device
    • Dubus JC, Marguet C, Deschildre, et al. Local side effects of inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic children: influence of drug, dose, age and device. Allergy. 2001; 56:944-948
    • (2001) Allergy , vol.56 , pp. 944-948
    • Dubus, J.C.1    Marguet, C.2    Deschildre3
  • 20
    • 0030695389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioral dermatitis in children under steroid inhalation therapy
    • Held E, Ottervanger V, Petersen S, et al. Perioral dermatitis in children under steroid inhalation therapy. Ugeskr Laeger 1997; 157:7002-7003
    • (1997) Ugeskr Laeger , vol.157 , pp. 7002-7003
    • Held, E.1    Ottervanger, V.2    Petersen, S.3
  • 21
    • 0028874693 scopus 로고
    • Hypertrophy of the tongue associated with inhaled steroid therapy in premature infants
    • Linder N, Kuint J, German B, et al. Hypertrophy of the tongue associated with inhaled steroid therapy in premature infants. J Pediatr 1995; 127:651-653
    • (1995) J Pediatr , vol.127 , pp. 651-653
    • Linder, N.1    Kuint, J.2    German, B.3
  • 22
    • 0033969393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaler devices for asthma
    • Inhaler devices for asthma. Drug Ther Bull 2000; 38:9-14
    • (2000) Drug Ther Bull , vol.38 , pp. 9-14
  • 23
    • 0027162055 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of fluticasone propionate with beclomethasone dipropionate in moderate to severe asthma treated for one year
    • Fabbri L, Burge PS, Croonenborgh L, et al. Comparison of fluticasone propionate with beclomethasone dipropionate in moderate to severe asthma treated for one year. Thorax 1993; 48:817-823
    • (1993) Thorax , vol.48 , pp. 817-823
    • Fabbri, L.1    Burge, P.S.2    Croonenborgh, L.3
  • 24
    • 0028567324 scopus 로고
    • Local side effects during 4-year treatment with inhaled corticosteroids: A comparison between pressurized metered-dose inhalers and Turbohaler
    • Selroos O, Backman R, Forsen KO, et al. Local side effects during 4-year treatment with inhaled corticosteroids: a comparison between pressurized metered-dose inhalers and Turbohaler. Allergy 1994; 49:888-890
    • (1994) Allergy , vol.49 , pp. 888-890
    • Selroos, O.1    Backman, R.2    Forsen, K.O.3
  • 25
    • 0029075287 scopus 로고
    • High dose fluticasone propionate, 1 mg daily, versus fluticasone propionate, 2 mg daily, or budesonide, 1.6 mg daily, in patients with chronic severe asthma: International Study Group
    • Ayres JG, Lundback B, Harris TA. High dose fluticasone propionate, 1 mg daily, versus fluticasone propionate, 2 mg daily, or budesonide, 1.6 mg daily, in patients with chronic severe asthma: International Study Group. Eur Respir J 1995; 8:579-586
    • (1995) Eur Respir J , vol.8 , pp. 579-586
    • Ayres, J.G.1    Lundback, B.2    Harris, T.A.3
  • 26
    • 0030014246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 1-year comparison of Turbuhaler versus pressurised metered-dose inhaler in asthmatic patients
    • Pauwells RA, Hargreave FE, Camus P, et al. A 1-year comparison of Turbuhaler versus pressurised metered-dose inhaler in asthmatic patients. Chest 1996; 110:53-57
    • (1996) Chest , vol.110 , pp. 53-57
    • Pauwells, R.A.1    Hargreave, F.E.2    Camus, P.3
  • 27
    • 0022461284 scopus 로고
    • Inhaled beclomethasone and oral candidiasis
    • Shaw NJ, Edmunds AT. Inhaled beclomethasone and oral candidiasis. Arch Dis Child 1986; 61:788-790
    • (1986) Arch Dis Child , vol.61 , pp. 788-790
    • Shaw, N.J.1    Edmunds, A.T.2
  • 28
    • 0031840790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posterior subcapsular cataracts, bruises and hoarseness in children with asthma receiving long-term treatment with inhaled budesonide
    • Agertoft L, Larsen FE, Pedersen S. Posterior subcapsular cataracts, bruises and hoarseness in children with asthma receiving long-term treatment with inhaled budesonide. Eur Respir J 1998; 12:130-135
    • (1998) Eur Respir J , vol.12 , pp. 130-135
    • Agertoft, L.1    Larsen, F.E.2    Pedersen, S.3
  • 29
    • 0016173289 scopus 로고
    • Beclomethasone dipropionate and oropharyngeal candidiasis
    • Milne LJ, Crompton GK. Beclomethasone dipropionate and oropharyngeal candidiasis. BMJ 1974; 3:797-798
    • (1974) BMJ , vol.3 , pp. 797-798
    • Milne, L.J.1    Crompton, G.K.2
  • 30
    • 0018569368 scopus 로고
    • The incidence of oral candidiasis with the use of inhaled corticosteroids
    • Vogt FC. The incidence of oral candidiasis with the use of inhaled corticosteroids. Ann Allergy 1979; 43:205-210
    • (1979) Ann Allergy , vol.43 , pp. 205-210
    • Vogt, F.C.1
  • 31
    • 0023838780 scopus 로고
    • Oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients treated with beclomethasone dipropionate delivered by metered dose inhaler alone and with Aerochamber
    • Salzman GA, Pyszczynski DR. Oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients treated with beclomethasone dipropionate delivered by metered dose inhaler alone and with Aerochamber. J Allergy Clin Immumol 1988; 81:424-428
    • (1988) J Allergy Clin Immumol , vol.81 , pp. 424-428
    • Salzman, G.A.1    Pyszczynski, D.R.2
  • 32
    • 0025096776 scopus 로고
    • Complications of topical steroid therapy for asthma
    • Toogood JH. Complications of topical steroid therapy for asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141:S89-S96
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.141
    • Toogood, J.H.1
  • 33
    • 0015050349 scopus 로고
    • Growth of Candida albicans in saliva: Stimulation by glucose associated with antibiotics, corticosteroids, and diabetes mellitus
    • Knight L, Fletcher J. Growth of Candida albicans in saliva: stimulation by glucose associated with antibiotics, corticosteroids, and diabetes mellitus. J Infect Dis 1971; 123:371-377
    • (1971) J Infect Dis , vol.123 , pp. 371-377
    • Knight, L.1    Fletcher, J.2
  • 34
    • 0004411131 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness and complications of aerosol dexamethasone phosphate in severe asthma
    • Dennis M, Itkin IH. Effectiveness and complications of aerosol dexamethasone phosphate in severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1964; 35:70-76
    • (1964) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.35 , pp. 70-76
    • Dennis, M.1    Itkin, I.H.2
  • 35
    • 0015977439 scopus 로고
    • Steroid aerosols in asthma: An assessment of betamethasone valerate and a 12-month study of patients on maintenance treatment
    • McAllen MK, Kachanowski SJ, Shaw KM. Steroid aerosols in asthma: an assessment of betamethasone valerate and a 12-month study of patients on maintenance treatment. BMJ 1974; 1:171-175
    • (1974) BMJ , vol.1 , pp. 171-175
    • McAllen, M.K.1    Kachanowski, S.J.2    Shaw, K.M.3
  • 36
    • 0016243424 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind trial comparing two dosage schedules of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in the treatment of chronic bronchial asthma
    • Cayton RM, Soutar CA, Stanford CF, et al. Double-blind trial comparing two dosage schedules of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in the treatment of chronic bronchial asthma. Lancet 1974; 2:303-307
    • (1974) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 303-307
    • Cayton, R.M.1    Soutar, C.A.2    Stanford, C.F.3
  • 37
    • 0017234788 scopus 로고
    • A short-term double blind trial of aerosol triamcinolone acetonide in steroid dependent patients with severe asthma
    • Kriz RJ, Chmelik F, doPico G, et al. A short-term double blind trial of aerosol triamcinolone acetonide in steroid dependent patients with severe asthma. Chest 1976; 69:455-456
    • (1976) Chest , vol.69 , pp. 455-456
    • Kriz, R.J.1    Chmelik, F.2    DoPico, G.3
  • 38
    • 0017294929 scopus 로고
    • Beclomethasone dipropionate and oropharyngeal candidiasis
    • Willey RF, Milne LJ, Crompton GK, et al. Beclomethasone dipropionate and oropharyngeal candidiasis. Br J Dis Chest 1976; 70:32-38
    • (1976) Br J Dis Chest , vol.70 , pp. 32-38
    • Willey, R.F.1    Milne, L.J.2    Crompton, G.K.3
  • 39
    • 84970809890 scopus 로고
    • Steroid aerosols in asthma
    • Pines A. Steroid aerosols in asthma. BMJ 1977; 1:518
    • (1977) BMJ , vol.1 , pp. 518
    • Pines, A.1
  • 40
    • 0017710225 scopus 로고
    • A one-year trial of triamcinolone acetonide in severe steroid-dependent asthma
    • Kriz RJ, Chmelik F, doPico G, et al. A one-year trial of triamcinolone acetonide in severe steroid-dependent asthma. Chest 1977; 72:36-44
    • (1977) Chest , vol.72 , pp. 36-44
    • Kriz, R.J.1    Chmelik, F.2    DoPico, G.3
  • 41
    • 0017481603 scopus 로고
    • Long-term trials of aerosol triamcinolone acetonide in steroid dependent asthma
    • Rowland V, Levine BE. Long-term trials of aerosol triamcinolone acetonide in steroid dependent asthma. Ariz Med 1977; 34:247-249
    • (1977) Ariz Med , vol.34 , pp. 247-249
    • Rowland, V.1    Levine, B.E.2
  • 44
    • 0023147405 scopus 로고
    • Cough and wheezing from beclomethasone aerosol
    • Shim C, Williams MH. Cough and wheezing from beclomethasone aerosol. Chest 1987; 91:207-209
    • (1987) Chest , vol.91 , pp. 207-209
    • Shim, C.1    Williams, M.H.2
  • 45
    • 0017072361 scopus 로고
    • Bronchial reactions to aerosol inhalant vehicle
    • Bryant DH, Pepys J. Bronchial reactions to aerosol inhalant vehicle. BMJ 1976; 1:1319-1320
    • (1976) BMJ , vol.1 , pp. 1319-1320
    • Bryant, D.H.1    Pepys, J.2
  • 46
    • 0030007292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an inhaled steroid on skin collagen synthesis of asthma patients in vivo
    • Autio P, Karjalainen J, Ristelli L, et al. Effects of an inhaled steroid on skin collagen synthesis of asthma patients in vivo. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153:1172-1175
    • (1996) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.153 , pp. 1172-1175
    • Autio, P.1    Karjalainen, J.2    Ristelli, L.3
  • 47
    • 0018831158 scopus 로고
    • Candidiasis and dysphonia complicating beclomethasone treatment of asthma
    • Toogood JH, Jennings B, Greenway RW, et al. Candidiasis and dysphonia complicating beclomethasone treatment of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1980; 65:145-153
    • (1980) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.65 , pp. 145-153
    • Toogood, J.H.1    Jennings, B.2    Greenway, R.W.3
  • 48
    • 0019377972 scopus 로고
    • Deposition of pressurised aerosols in the human respiratory tract
    • Newman SP, Pavia D, Moren F. et al. Deposition of pressurised aerosols in the human respiratory tract. Thorax 1981; 36:52-55
    • (1981) Thorax , vol.36 , pp. 52-55
    • Newman, S.P.1    Pavia, D.2    Moren, F.3
  • 49
    • 0025951893 scopus 로고
    • Improvement of drug delivery with a breath actuated pressurised aerosol for patients with poor inhaler technique
    • Newman SP, Weisz AWB, Talaee N, et al. Improvement of drug delivery with a breath actuated pressurised aerosol for patients with poor inhaler technique. Thorax 1991; 46:712-716
    • (1991) Thorax , vol.46 , pp. 712-716
    • Newman, S.P.1    Weisz, A.W.B.2    Talaee, N.3
  • 50
    • 0028857627 scopus 로고
    • New perspectives on inhaled drug delivery and systemic bioactivity
    • Lipworth BJ. New perspectives on inhaled drug delivery and systemic bioactivity. Thorax 1995; 50:105-110
    • (1995) Thorax , vol.50 , pp. 105-110
    • Lipworth, B.J.1
  • 51
    • 84991138982 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of conventional metered dose inhaler and breath actuated inhaler in elderly patients
    • Hendry A, Coote J, Black H. et al. Comparison of conventional metered dose inhaler and breath actuated inhaler in elderly patients. Int J Pharm Pract 1995; 3:115-118
    • (1995) Int J Pharm Pract , vol.3 , pp. 115-118
    • Hendry, A.1    Coote, J.2    Black, H.3
  • 52
    • 0030906433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competence thresholds for the use of inhalers in people with dementia
    • Allen SC. Competence thresholds for the use of inhalers in people with dementia. Age Ageing 1997; 26:83-86
    • (1997) Age Ageing , vol.26 , pp. 83-86
    • Allen, S.C.1
  • 53
    • 0022449830 scopus 로고
    • Errors in inhalation technique and efficiency in inhaler use in asthmatic children
    • Pedersen S, Frost L, Arnfred T. Errors in inhalation technique and efficiency in inhaler use in asthmatic children. Allergy 1986; 41:118-124
    • (1986) Allergy , vol.41 , pp. 118-124
    • Pedersen, S.1    Frost, L.2    Arnfred, T.3
  • 54
    • 0016322177 scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromedianes: Chlorine atom-catalysed destruction of ozone
    • Molina MJ, Rowland FS. Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromedianes: chlorine atom-catalysed destruction of ozone. Nature 1974; 249:810-812
    • (1974) Nature , vol.249 , pp. 810-812
    • Molina, M.J.1    Rowland, F.S.2
  • 55
    • 0031816191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorofluorocarbon-free inhalers: Are we ready for the change?
    • Partridge MR, Woodcock AA, Sheffer AL, et al. Chlorofluorocarbon-free inhalers: are we ready for the change? Eur Respir J 1998; 11:1006-1008
    • (1998) Eur Respir J , vol.11 , pp. 1006-1008
    • Partridge, M.R.1    Woodcock, A.A.2    Sheffer, A.L.3
  • 56
    • 85030822713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase out of CFC containing metered dose inhalers for the treatment of asthma and COPD
    • London, UK: Department of Health, 23rd October 1998; HSC Publication No. 1998/180
    • Nation Health Service Executive. Phase out of CFC containing metered dose inhalers for the treatment of asthma and COPD. Health Service Circular. London, UK: Department of Health, 23rd October 1998; HSC Publication No. 1998/180
    • Health Service Circular
  • 57
    • 0030973803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spacer devices in the treatment of asthma
    • O'Callaghan C, Barry P. Spacer devices in the treatment of asthma. BMJ 1997; 314:1061-1062
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.314 , pp. 1061-1062
    • O'Callaghan, C.1    Barry, P.2
  • 58
    • 0019360181 scopus 로고
    • Deposition of pressurised suspension aerosols inhaled through extension devices
    • Newman SP, Moren F, Pavia D, et al. Deposition of pressurised suspension aerosols inhaled through extension devices. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981; 124:317-320
    • (1981) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.124 , pp. 317-320
    • Newman, S.P.1    Moren, F.2    Pavia, D.3
  • 59
    • 0020505452 scopus 로고
    • Clinical evaluation of a simple demand inhalation device MDI aerosol delivery device
    • Dolovich M, Ruffin R, Newhouse MT. Clinical evaluation of a simple demand inhalation device MDI aerosol delivery device. Chest 1983; 84:36-41
    • (1983) Chest , vol.84 , pp. 36-41
    • Dolovich, M.1    Ruffin, R.2    Newhouse, M.T.3
  • 60
    • 0021281240 scopus 로고
    • Use of spacers to facilitate inhaled corticosteroid treatment of asthma
    • Toogood JH, Baskerville J, Jennings B, et al. Use of spacers to facilitate inhaled corticosteroid treatment of asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 129:723-729
    • (1984) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.129 , pp. 723-729
    • Toogood, J.H.1    Baskerville, J.2    Jennings, B.3
  • 61
    • 0032708793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma
    • The use of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma. Drug Ther Bull 1999; 37:73-77
    • (1999) Drug Ther Bull , vol.37 , pp. 73-77
  • 62
    • 0031034624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The British guidelines on asthma management: 1995 Review and position statement
    • British Thoracic Society, National Asthma Campaign, Royal College of Physicians of London, British Association of Accident and Emergency Medicine, British Paediatric Respiratory Society, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. The British guidelines on asthma management: 1995 review and position statement. Thorax 1997; 52(suppl):S1-21
    • (1997) Thorax , vol.52 , Issue.SUPPL.
  • 63
    • 0030604708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of handling techniques on electrostatic charge on spacer devices: A correlation with in vitro particle size analysis
    • Dewsbury NJ, Kenyon CJ, Newman SP. The effect of handling techniques on electrostatic charge on spacer devices: a correlation with in vitro particle size analysis. Int J Pharm 1996; 137:261-264
    • (1996) Int J Pharm , vol.137 , pp. 261-264
    • Dewsbury, N.J.1    Kenyon, C.J.2    Newman, S.P.3
  • 64
    • 2542509095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washing plastic containers in household detergent reduces electrostatic charge and greatly improves delivery
    • Pierart F, Wildhaber JH, Vrancken I, et al. Washing plastic containers in household detergent reduces electrostatic charge and greatly improves delivery. Eur Respir J 1999; 13:673-678
    • (1999) Eur Respir J , vol.13 , pp. 673-678
    • Pierart, F.1    Wildhaber, J.H.2    Vrancken, I.3
  • 65
    • 0025275637 scopus 로고
    • Influence of inspiratory flow rate upon the effect of a Turbohaler
    • Pedersen S, Hansen OR, Fuglsang G. Influence of inspiratory flow rate upon the effect of a Turbohaler. Arch Dis Child 1990; 65:308-319
    • (1990) Arch Dis Child , vol.65 , pp. 308-319
    • Pedersen, S.1    Hansen, O.R.2    Fuglsang, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.