메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 131, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 301-312

Update on the diagnosis and management of pulmonary embolism

Author keywords

Diagnosis; Pulmonary embolism; Treatment; Venous thromboembolism

Indexed keywords

ALTEPLASE; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ARGATROBAN; DALTEPARIN; DESULFATOHIRUDIN; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; FONDAPARINUX; HEPARIN; HIRUDIN; IDRAPARINUX; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; MELAGATRAN; PENTASACCHARIDE; STREPTOKINASE; UROKINASE; WARFARIN; XIMELAGATRAN;

EID: 31644443914     PISSN: 00071048     EISSN: 13652141     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05752.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (19)

References (125)
  • 2
    • 0032747473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional heterogeneity of antiheparin-platelet factor 4 antibodies: Implications in the pathogenesis of the HIT syndrome
    • Ahmad S. Walenga J.M. Jeske W.P. Cella G. Fareed J. (1999) Functional heterogeneity of antiheparin-platelet factor 4 antibodies: implications in the pathogenesis of the HIT syndrome. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, 5 (Suppl. 1 S32 S37 Giangola G. (1999) Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment. Annals of Vascular Surgery, 13, 318 327.
    • (1999) Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis , vol.5 , Issue.1
    • Ahmad, S.1    Walenga, J.M.2    Jeske, W.P.3    Cella, G.4    Fareed, J.5    Giangola, G.6
  • 4
    • 0030980765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of cross-reactivity of SR90107A/ORG31540 pentasaccharide with antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes developed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Amiral J. Lormeau J.C. Marfaing-Koka A. Vissac A.M. Wolf M. Boyer-Neumann C. Tardy B. Herbert J.M. Meyer D. (1997) Absence of cross-reactivity of SR90107A/ORG31540 pentasaccharide with antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes developed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis, 8, 114 117 Olsen J. (1998) The cumulative incidence of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy and puerperium - an 11 year Danish population-based study of 63,300 pregnancies. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 77, 170 173.
    • (1997) Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis , vol.8 , pp. 114-117
    • Amiral, J.1    Lormeau, J.C.2    Marfaing-Koka, A.3    Vissac, A.M.4    Wolf, M.5    Boyer-Neumann, C.6    Tardy, B.7    Herbert, J.M.8    Meyer, D.9    Olsen, J.10
  • 5
    • 0033890248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D-dimer for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism
    • Anderson D.R. Wells P.S. (2000) d-dimer for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism. Current Opinion in Hematology, 7, 296 301.
    • (2000) Current Opinion in Hematology , vol.7 , pp. 296-301
    • Anderson, D.R.1    Wells, P.S.2
  • 7
    • 0033061284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombolytic therapy of pulmonary embolism: A comprehensive review of current evidence
    • Arcasoy S.M. Kreit J.W. (1999) Thrombolytic therapy of pulmonary embolism: a comprehensive review of current evidence. Chest, 115, 1695 1707.
    • (1999) Chest , vol.115 , pp. 1695-1707
    • Arcasoy, S.M.1    Kreit, J.W.2
  • 9
    • 0041701405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massive pulmonary embolism due to late-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Successful treatment with lepirudin
    • Badmanaban B. Sachithanandan A. Hunter I. Graham A. Sarsam M. (2003) Massive pulmonary embolism due to late-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: successful treatment with lepirudin. Journal of Cardiac Surgery, 18, 316 318.
    • (2003) Journal of Cardiac Surgery , vol.18 , pp. 316-318
    • Badmanaban, B.1    Sachithanandan, A.2    Hunter, I.3    Graham, A.4    Sarsam, M.5
  • 10
    • 50549183274 scopus 로고
    • Anticoagulant drugs in the treatment of pulmonary embolism. a controlled trial
    • Barritt D.W. Jordan S.C. (1960) Anticoagulant drugs in the treatment of pulmonary embolism. A controlled trial. Lancet, 1, 1309 1312.
    • (1960) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1309-1312
    • Barritt, D.W.1    Jordan, S.C.2
  • 11
    • 4644258310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of antithrombotic agents during pregnancy: The Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy
    • Bates S.M. Greer I.A. Hirsh J. Ginsberg J.S. (2004) Use of antithrombotic agents during pregnancy: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest, 126, 627S 644S.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.126
    • Bates, S.M.1    Greer, I.A.2    Hirsh, J.3    Ginsberg, J.S.4
  • 12
    • 0035522304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fondaparinux compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective major knee surgery
    • Bauer K.A. Eriksson B.I. Lassen M.R. Turpie A.G. (2001) Fondaparinux compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective major knee surgery. The New England Journal of Medicine, 345, 1305 1310.
    • (2001) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.345 , pp. 1305-1310
    • Bauer, K.A.1    Eriksson, B.I.2    Lassen, M.R.3    Turpie, A.G.4
  • 13
    • 0029687932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility, safety and clinical utility of angiography in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism
    • van Beek E.J. Reekers J.A. Batchelor D.A. Brandjes D.P. Buller H.R. (1996) Feasibility, safety and clinical utility of angiography in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. European Radiology, 6, 415 419.
    • (1996) European Radiology , vol.6 , pp. 415-419
    • Van Beek, E.J.1    Reekers, J.A.2    Batchelor, D.A.3    Brandjes, D.P.4    Buller, H.R.5
  • 14
    • 0036624458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient management of venous thromboembolic disease with subcutaneous lepirudin: A case report
    • Begelman S.M. Deitcher S.R. (2002) Outpatient management of venous thromboembolic disease with subcutaneous lepirudin: a case report. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis, 13, 183 185.
    • (2002) Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis , vol.13 , pp. 183-185
    • Begelman, S.M.1    Deitcher, S.R.2
  • 16
    • 0035283104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a low-molecular-weight heparin on thrombus regression and recurrent thromboembolism in patients with deep-vein thrombosis
    • Breddin H.K. Hach-Wunderle V. Nakov R. Kakkar V.V. (2001) Effects of a low-molecular-weight heparin on thrombus regression and recurrent thromboembolism in patients with deep-vein thrombosis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 344, 626 631.
    • (2001) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.344 , pp. 626-631
    • Breddin, H.K.1    Hach-Wunderle, V.2    Nakov, R.3    Kakkar, V.V.4
  • 18
    • 4644221063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: The Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy
    • Jr.*Hobbins T.E.
    • Buller H.R. Agnelli G. Hull R.D. Hyers T.M. Prins M.H. Raskob G.E. (2004) Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest, 126 (Suppl. 3 401S 428S Jr.. Hobbins T.E. (1992) The clinical course of pulmonary embolism. The New England Journal of Medicine, 326, 1240 1245.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.126 , Issue.3
    • Buller, H.R.1    Agnelli, G.2    Hull, R.D.3    Hyers, T.M.4    Prins, M.H.5    Raskob, G.E.6
  • 22
    • 0030715553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism: Is it effective? Is it safe? When is it indicated?
    • Dalen J.E. Alpert J.S. Hirsch J. (1997) Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism: is it effective? Is it safe? When is it indicated? Archives of Internal Medicine, 157, 2550 2556.
    • (1997) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.157 , pp. 2550-2556
    • Dalen, J.E.1    Alpert, J.S.2    Hirsch, J.3
  • 23
    • 0032745736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of low molecular weight heparins in treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis
    • Davidson B.L. (1999) Differentiation of low molecular weight heparins in treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis. Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, 25 (Suppl. 3 107 112.
    • (1999) Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 107-112
    • Davidson, B.L.1
  • 26
    • 0032507023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with treated venous thromboembolism
    • Douketis J.D. Kearon C. Bates S. Duku E.K. Ginsberg J.S. (1998) Risk of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with treated venous thromboembolism. JAMA, 279, 458 462.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 458-462
    • Douketis, J.D.1    Kearon, C.2    Bates, S.3    Duku, E.K.4    Ginsberg, J.S.5
  • 30
    • 0035183248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombophilia and its treatment in pregnancy
    • Eldor A. (2001) Thrombophilia and its treatment in pregnancy. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis, 12, 23 30.
    • (2001) Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis , vol.12 , pp. 23-30
    • Eldor, A.1
  • 31
    • 0035522302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fondaparinux compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after hip-fracture surgery
    • Eriksson B.I. Bauer K.A. Lassen M.R. Turpie A.G. (2001) Fondaparinux compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after hip-fracture surgery. The New England Journal of Medicine, 345, 1298 1304.
    • (2001) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.345 , pp. 1298-1304
    • Eriksson, B.I.1    Bauer, K.A.2    Lassen, M.R.3    Turpie, A.G.4
  • 33
    • 0033901431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism. Task Force on Pulmonary Embolism, European Society of Cardiology
    • European Society of Cardiology
    • European Society of Cardiology (2000) Guidelines on diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism. Task Force on Pulmonary Embolism, European Society of Cardiology. European Heart Journal, 21, 1301 1336.
    • (2000) European Heart Journal , vol.21 , pp. 1301-1336
  • 36
    • 0028006161 scopus 로고
    • Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs
    • Gallus A.S. (1994) Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs. The Medical Journal of Australia, 160, 78 82.
    • (1994) The Medical Journal of Australia , vol.160 , pp. 78-82
    • Gallus, A.S.1
  • 38
    • 4644288189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of venous thromboembolism: The Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy
    • -1828
    • Geerts W.H. Pineo G.F. Heit J.A. Bergqvist D. Lassen M.R. Colwell C.W. Ray J.G. (2004) Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest, 126 (Suppl. 3 338S 400S 1828.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.126 , Issue.3
    • Geerts, W.H.1    Pineo, G.F.2    Heit, J.A.3    Bergqvist, D.4    Lassen, M.R.5    Colwell, C.W.6    Ray, J.G.7
  • 39
    • 0026563839 scopus 로고
    • Evolving concepts in thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism
    • Goldhaber S.Z. (1992) Evolving concepts in thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism. Chest, 101, 183S 185S.
    • (1992) Chest , vol.101
    • Goldhaber, S.Z.1
  • 43
    • 0033599765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute pulmonary embolism: Clinical outcomes in the International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry (ICOPER)
    • Goldhaber S.Z. Visani L. De Rosa M. (1999) Acute pulmonary embolism: clinical outcomes in the International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry (ICOPER). Lancet, 353, 1386 1389.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1386-1389
    • Goldhaber, S.Z.1    Visani, L.2    De Rosa, M.3
  • 44
    • 0032888068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommended reporting standards for vena caval filter placement and patient follow-up. Vena Caval Filter Consensus Conference
    • Greenfield L.J. Rutherford R.B. (1999) Recommended reporting standards for vena caval filter placement and patient follow-up. Vena Caval Filter Consensus Conference. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 10, 1013 1019.
    • (1999) Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology , vol.10 , pp. 1013-1019
    • Greenfield, L.J.1    Rutherford, R.B.2
  • 45
    • 0033541493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombosis in pregnancy: Maternal and fetal issues
    • Greer I.A. (1999) Thrombosis in pregnancy: maternal and fetal issues. Lancet, 353, 1258 1265.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1258-1265
    • Greer, I.A.1
  • 46
    • 0034691310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term clinical outcome of patients with acute pulmonary embolism, normal blood pressure, and echocardiographic right ventricular dysfunction
    • Grifoni S. Olivotto I. Cecchini P. Pieralli F. Camaiti A. Santoro G. Conti A. Agnelli G. Berni G. (2000) Short-term clinical outcome of patients with acute pulmonary embolism, normal blood pressure, and echocardiographic right ventricular dysfunction. Circulation, 101, 2817 2822.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 2817-2822
    • Grifoni, S.1    Olivotto, I.2    Cecchini, P.3    Pieralli, F.4    Camaiti, A.5    Santoro, G.6    Conti, A.7    Agnelli, G.8    Berni, G.9
  • 47
    • 13444311720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ximelagatran - Promises and concerns
    • Gurewich V. (2005) Ximelagatran - promises and concerns. JAMA, 293, 736 739.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 736-739
    • Gurewich, V.1
  • 48
    • 0034880846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombolysis or heparin therapy in massive pulmonary embolism with right ventricular dilation: Results from a 128-patient monocenter registry
    • Hamel E. Pacouret G. Vincentelli D. Forissier J.F. Peycher P. Pottier J.M. Charbonnier B. (2001) Thrombolysis or heparin therapy in massive pulmonary embolism with right ventricular dilation: results from a 128-patient monocenter registry. Chest, 120, 120 125.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.120 , pp. 120-125
    • Hamel, E.1    Pacouret, G.2    Vincentelli, D.3    Forissier, J.F.4    Peycher, P.5    Pottier, J.M.6    Charbonnier, B.7
  • 51
    • 0029888319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. a statement for healthcare professionals. Council on Thrombosis (in consultation with the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology), American Heart Association
    • Hirsh J. Hoak J. (1996) Management of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. A statement for healthcare professionals. Council on Thrombosis (in consultation with the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology), American Heart Association. Circulation, 93, 2212 2245.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.93 , pp. 2212-2245
    • Hirsh, J.1    Hoak, J.2
  • 54
    • 0022446092 scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease
    • Hyers T.M. Hull R.D. Weg J.G. (1986) Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease. Chest, 89, 26S 35S.
    • (1986) Chest , vol.89
    • Hyers, T.M.1    Hull, R.D.2    Weg, J.G.3
  • 56
    • 0030969642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism. Frequency of intracranial hemorrhage and associated risk factors
    • Kanter D.S. Mikkola K.M. Patel S.R. Parker J.A. Goldhaber S.Z. (1997) Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism. Frequency of intracranial hemorrhage and associated risk factors. Chest, 111, 1241 1245.
    • (1997) Chest , vol.111 , pp. 1241-1245
    • Kanter, D.S.1    Mikkola, K.M.2    Patel, S.R.3    Parker, J.A.4    Goldhaber, S.Z.5
  • 57
    • 0037704209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of venous thromboembolism
    • Kearon C. (2003) Natural history of venous thromboembolism. Circulation, 107, I22 130.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107
    • Kearon, C.1
  • 59
    • 2342599062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should thrombolytic therapy be used in patients with pulmonary embolism
    • Konstantinides S. (2004) Should thrombolytic therapy be used in patients with pulmonary embolism American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 4, 69 74.
    • (2004) American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs , vol.4 , pp. 69-74
    • Konstantinides, S.1
  • 64
    • 0037158139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of a clinical decision rule in combination with d-dimer concentration in diagnostic workup of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism: A prospective management study
    • Kruip M.J. Slob M.J. Schijen J.H. van der Heul C. Buller H.R. (2002) Use of a clinical decision rule in combination with d-dimer concentration in diagnostic workup of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism: a prospective management study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 162, 1631 1635.
    • (2002) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.162 , pp. 1631-1635
    • Kruip, M.J.1    Slob, M.J.2    Schijen, J.H.3    Van Der Heul, C.4    Buller, H.R.5
  • 65
    • 0037129742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postoperative fondaparinux versus preoperative enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in elective hip-replacement surgery: A randomised double-blind comparison
    • Lassen M.R. Bauer K.A. Eriksson B.I. Turpie A.G. (2002) Postoperative fondaparinux versus preoperative enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in elective hip-replacement surgery: a randomised double-blind comparison. Lancet, 359, 1715 1720.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1715-1720
    • Lassen, M.R.1    Bauer, K.A.2    Eriksson, B.I.3    Turpie, A.G.4
  • 68
    • 0031063873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • False negatives and ''false positives" in acute pulmonary embolism: A clinical-postmortem comparison
    • Morpurgo M. (1997) False negatives and ''false positives" in acute pulmonary embolism: a clinical-postmortem comparison. Cardiologia, 42, 205 210.
    • (1997) Cardiologia , vol.42 , pp. 205-210
    • Morpurgo, M.1
  • 74
    • 10044297255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: Outcomes in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism managed with computed tomographic pulmonary angiography
    • Moores L.K. Jackson W.L. Jr.. Shorr A.F. Jackson J.L. (2004) Meta-analysis: outcomes in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism managed with computed tomographic pulmonary angiography. Annals of Internal Medicine, 141, 866 874.
    • (2004) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.141 , pp. 866-874
    • Moores, L.K.1    Jackson Jr., W.L.2    Shorr, A.F.3    Jackson, J.L.4
  • 77
    • 3042573411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of a risk score identifying patients with acute pulmonary embolism, who are at low risk of clinical adverse outcome
    • Nendaz M.R. Bandelier P. Aujesky D. Cornuz J. Roy P.M. Bounameaux H. Perrier A. (2004) Validation of a risk score identifying patients with acute pulmonary embolism, who are at low risk of clinical adverse outcome. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 91, 1232 1236.
    • (2004) Thrombosis and Haemostasis , vol.91 , pp. 1232-1236
    • Nendaz, M.R.1    Bandelier, P.2    Aujesky, D.3    Cornuz, J.4    Roy, P.M.5    Bounameaux, H.6    Perrier, A.7
  • 79
    • 0038621602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of temporary inferior vena cava filters in critically ill surgical patients
    • discussion 594-595.
    • Offner P.J. Hawkes A. Madayag R. Seale F. Maines C. (2003) The role of temporary inferior vena cava filters in critically ill surgical patients. Archives of Surgery, 138, 591 594 discussion 594-595.
    • (2003) Archives of Surgery , vol.138 , pp. 591-594
    • Offner, P.J.1    Hawkes, A.2    Madayag, R.3    Seale, F.4    Maines, C.5
  • 80
    • 20544476173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk of pulmonary embolism in patients with intracardiac thrombosis: A population-based study of 23 796 consecutive autopsies
    • Ogren M. Bergqvist D. Eriksson H. Lindblad B. Sternby N.H. (2005) Prevalence and risk of pulmonary embolism in patients with intracardiac thrombosis: a population-based study of 23 796 consecutive autopsies. European Heart Journal, 26, 1108 1114.
    • (2005) European Heart Journal , vol.26 , pp. 1108-1114
    • Ogren, M.1    Bergqvist, D.2    Eriksson, H.3    Lindblad, B.4    Sternby, N.H.5
  • 85
    • 0022226361 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary embolism in acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis
    • Plate G. Ohlin P. Eklof B. (1985) Pulmonary embolism in acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis. The British Journal of Surgery, 72, 912 915.
    • (1985) The British Journal of Surgery , vol.72 , pp. 912-915
    • Plate, G.1    Ohlin, P.2    Eklof, B.3
  • 86
    • 0032823202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporary vena caval filtration. Preliminary clinical experience with removable vena caval filters
    • Ponchon M. Goffette P. Hainaut P. (1999) Temporary vena caval filtration. Preliminary clinical experience with removable vena caval filters. Acta Clinica Belgica, 54, 223 228.
    • (1999) Acta Clinica Belgica , vol.54 , pp. 223-228
    • Ponchon, M.1    Goffette, P.2    Hainaut, P.3
  • 87
    • 0026569416 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin with intravenous standard heparin in proximal deep-vein thrombosis
    • Prandoni P. Lensing A.W. Buller H.R. Carta M. Cogo A. Vigo M. Casara D. Ruol A. ten Cate J.W. (1992) Comparison of subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin with intravenous standard heparin in proximal deep-vein thrombosis. Lancet, 339, 441 445.
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 441-445
    • Prandoni, P.1    Lensing, A.W.2    Buller, H.R.3    Carta, M.4    Cogo, A.5    Vigo, M.6    Casara, D.7    Ruol, A.8    Ten Cate, J.W.9
  • 89
    • 22544478179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eight-year follow-up of patients with permanent vena cava filters in the prevention of pulmonary embolism: The PREPIC (Prevention du Risque d'Embolie Pulmonaire par Interruption Cave) randomized study
    • PREPIC Study Group
    • PREPIC Study Group (2005) Eight-year follow-up of patients with permanent vena cava filters in the prevention of pulmonary embolism: the PREPIC (Prevention du Risque d'Embolie Pulmonaire par Interruption Cave) randomized study. Circulation, 112, 416 422.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 416-422
  • 90
    • 0030861593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive diagnosis of suspected severe pulmonary embolism: Transesophageal echocardiography vs spiral CT
    • Pruszczyk P. Torbicki A. Pacho R. Chlebus M. Kuch-Wocial A. Pruszynski B. Gurba H. (1997) Noninvasive diagnosis of suspected severe pulmonary embolism: transesophageal echocardiography vs spiral CT. Chest, 112, 722 728.
    • (1997) Chest , vol.112 , pp. 722-728
    • Pruszczyk, P.1    Torbicki, A.2    Pacho, R.3    Chlebus, M.4    Kuch-Wocial, A.5    Pruszynski, B.6    Gurba, H.7
  • 91
    • 0742283969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-molecular-weight heparin compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin for treatment of pulmonary embolism: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials
    • Quinlan D.J. McQuillan A. Eikelboom J.W. (2004) Low-molecular-weight heparin compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin for treatment of pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Annals of Internal Medicine, 140, 175 183.
    • (2004) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.140 , pp. 175-183
    • Quinlan, D.J.1    McQuillan, A.2    Eikelboom, J.W.3
  • 95
    • 0027312180 scopus 로고
    • Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia: A critical review and pooled analysis
    • Schmitt B.P. Adelman B. (1993) Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia: a critical review and pooled analysis. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 305, 208 215.
    • (1993) The American Journal of the Medical Sciences , vol.305 , pp. 208-215
    • Schmitt, B.P.1    Adelman, B.2
  • 100
    • 1942436122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional differences in rates of diagnosis and mortality of pulmonary thromboembolism
    • Stein P.D. Kayali F. Olson R.E. (2004) Regional differences in rates of diagnosis and mortality of pulmonary thromboembolism. The American Journal of Cardiology, 93, 1194 1197.
    • (2004) The American Journal of Cardiology , vol.93 , pp. 1194-1197
    • Stein, P.D.1    Kayali, F.2    Olson, R.E.3
  • 102
    • 0025354523 scopus 로고
    • Value of the ventilation/perfusion scan in acute pulmonary embolism. Results of the prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis (PIOPED)
    • The PIOPED Investigators
    • The PIOPED Investigators (1990) Value of the ventilation/perfusion scan in acute pulmonary embolism. Results of the prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis (PIOPED). JAMA, 263, 2753 2759.
    • (1990) JAMA , vol.263 , pp. 2753-2759
  • 103
    • 0015607426 scopus 로고
    • The urokinase pulmonary embolism trial. a national cooperative study
    • The Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial Investigators
    • The Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial Investigators (1973) The urokinase pulmonary embolism trial. A national cooperative study. Circulation, 47 (Suppl. 2 II1 108.
    • (1973) Circulation , vol.47 , Issue.2
  • 106
  • 107
    • 0037129720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postoperative fondaparinux versus postoperative enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective hip-replacement surgery: A randomised double-blind trial
    • Turpie A.G. Bauer K.A. Eriksson B.I. Lassen M.R. (2002) Postoperative fondaparinux versus postoperative enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective hip-replacement surgery: a randomised double-blind trial. Lancet, 359, 1721 1726.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1721-1726
    • Turpie, A.G.1    Bauer, K.A.2    Eriksson, B.I.3    Lassen, M.R.4
  • 108
    • 0032894971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The urgent pulmonary embolectomy: Mechanical resuscitation in the operating theatre determines the outcome
    • Ullmann M. Hemmer W. Hannekum A. (1999) The urgent pulmonary embolectomy: mechanical resuscitation in the operating theatre determines the outcome. The Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgeon, 47, 5 8.
    • (1999) The Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgeon , vol.47 , pp. 5-8
    • Ullmann, M.1    Hemmer, W.2    Hannekum, A.3
  • 109
    • 15244354210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of single-detector spiral CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: A prospective multicenter cohort study of consecutive patients with abnormal perfusion scintigraphy
    • Van Strijen M.J. De Monye W. Kieft G.J. Pattynama P.M. Prins M.H. Huisman M.V. (2005) Accuracy of single-detector spiral CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: a prospective multicenter cohort study of consecutive patients with abnormal perfusion scintigraphy. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 3, 17 25.
    • (2005) Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis , vol.3 , pp. 17-25
    • Van Strijen, M.J.1    De Monye, W.2    Kieft, G.J.3    Pattynama, P.M.4    Prins, M.H.5    Huisman, M.V.6
  • 110
    • 0028009642 scopus 로고
    • Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis are specific for platelet factor 4 complexed with heparin or bound to endothelial cells
    • Visentin G.P. Ford S.E. Scott J.P. Aster R.H. (1994) Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis are specific for platelet factor 4 complexed with heparin or bound to endothelial cells. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 93, 81 88.
    • (1994) The Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.93 , pp. 81-88
    • Visentin, G.P.1    Ford, S.E.2    Scott, J.P.3    Aster, R.H.4
  • 111
    • 0038392539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Pathogenesis and management
    • Warkentin T.E. (2003) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: pathogenesis and management. British Journal of Haematology, 121, 535 555.
    • (2003) British Journal of Haematology , vol.121 , pp. 535-555
    • Warkentin, T.E.1
  • 113
    • 0024998722 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of the thrombolytic agents
    • Weitz J.I. (1990) Mechanism of action of the thrombolytic agents. Bailliere's Clinical Haematology, 3, 583 599.
    • (1990) Bailliere's Clinical Haematology , vol.3 , pp. 583-599
    • Weitz, J.I.1
  • 115
    • 0038049395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient treatment of patients with pulmonary embolism
    • Wells P.S. Buller H.R. (2001) Outpatient treatment of patients with pulmonary embolism. Seminars in Vascular Medicine, 1, 229 234.
    • (2001) Seminars in Vascular Medicine , vol.1 , pp. 229-234
    • Wells, P.S.1    Buller, H.R.2
  • 117
    • 0032517087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding eligibility for outpatient treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism with low-molecular-weight heparin: A comparison of patient self-injection with homecare injection
    • Wells P.S. Kovacs M.J. Bormanis J. Forgie M.A. Goudie D. Morrow B. Kovacs J. (1998b) Expanding eligibility for outpatient treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism with low-molecular-weight heparin: a comparison of patient self-injection with homecare injection. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158, 1809 1812.
    • (1998) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.158 , pp. 1809-1812
    • Wells, P.S.1    Kovacs, M.J.2    Bormanis, J.3    Forgie, M.A.4    Goudie, D.5    Morrow, B.6    Kovacs, J.7
  • 119
    • 0035902631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excluding pulmonary embolism at the bedside without diagnostic imaging: Management of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism presenting to the emergency department by using a simple clinical model and d-dimer
    • Wells P.S. Anderson D.R. Rodger M. Stiell I. Dreyer J.F. Barnes D. Forgie M. Kovacs G. Ward J. Kovacs M.J. (2001) Excluding pulmonary embolism at the bedside without diagnostic imaging: management of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism presenting to the emergency department by using a simple clinical model and d-dimer. Annals of Internal Medicine, 135, 98 107.
    • (2001) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.135 , pp. 98-107
    • Wells, P.S.1    Anderson, D.R.2    Rodger, M.3    Stiell, I.4    Dreyer, J.F.5    Barnes, D.6    Forgie, M.7    Kovacs, G.8    Ward, J.9    Kovacs, M.J.10
  • 120
    • 0000645207 scopus 로고
    • On the roentgen diagnosis of lung embolism
    • Westermark N. (1938) On the roentgen diagnosis of lung embolism. Acta Radiologica, 19, 357 372.
    • (1938) Acta Radiologica , vol.19 , pp. 357-372
    • Westermark, N.1
  • 121
    • 0038380256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism
    • White R.H. (2003) The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism. Circulation, 107, I4 I8.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107
    • White, R.H.1
  • 125
    • 0036208574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major pulmonary embolism: Review of a pathophysiologic approach to the golden hour of hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism
    • Wood K.E. (2002) Major pulmonary embolism: review of a pathophysiologic approach to the golden hour of hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism. Chest, 121, 877 905.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.121 , pp. 877-905
    • Wood, K.E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.