Cerebral small vessel diseases: Manifestations in young women

Current Opinion in Neurology

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 55-62

  Ringelstein, E Bernd ^a   Knecht, Stefan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL MÜNSTER   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cerebral microangiopathy; Cerebral small vessel disease; Posterior encephalopathy; Preeclampsia eclampsia syndrome; Susac's syndrome

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALPHA INTERFERON; AMLODIPINE; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CISPLATIN; CLOPIDOGREL; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTARABINE; DOXORUBICIN; HEPARIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; MAGNESIUM SULFATE; METHOTREXATE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; NIFEDIPINE; NIMODIPINE; OXYGEN; PHENYTOIN; PREDNISONE; TACROLIMUS; VINCRISTINE;

ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA; AUDIOMETRY; BEHCET DISEASE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; BRAIN BLOOD VESSEL; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN DAMAGE; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN INFARCTION; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CESAREAN SECTION; CHILD DEATH; CLINICAL TRIAL; COCHLEA; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COLLAGEN DISEASE; COMA; CORPUS CALLOSUM; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING; DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR CLOTTING; DIZZINESS; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG TOXICITY; ECLAMPSIA; ENCEPHALITIS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; EPILEPTIC STATE; FLUORESCENCE ANGIOGRAPHY; FLUSHING; FRONTAL LOBE; HEADACHE; HEARING LOSS; HELLP SYNDROME; HEMISPHERE; HERPES VIRUS; HUMAN; HYPERBARIC OXYGEN; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTENSION ENCEPHALOPATHY; HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPONATREMIA; HYPOXIA; INJECTION SITE REACTION; KIDNEY FAILURE; LIVER FAILURE; LUNG EDEMA; MATERNAL MORTALITY; MELAS SYNDROME; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; NAUSEA; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEWBORN MORBIDITY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PARAMYXOVIRUS; PARIETAL LOBE; PATHOGENESIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERCEPTION DEAFNESS; PERINATAL PERIOD; PLASMAPHERESIS; POSTERIOR ENCEPHALOPATHY; POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE; PREECLAMPSIA; PROGNOSIS; PUERPERIUM; RESPIRATION DEPRESSION; RESPIRATORY FAILURE; RETINA ARTERY; RETINOCOCHLEOCEREBRAL VASCULOPATHY; REVIEW; SEIZURE; SIDE EFFECT; SOLUTIO PLACENTAE; STROKE; SUSAC SYNDROME; THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; VASCULAR DISEASE; VASCULITIS; VEIN THROMBOSIS; VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS; VISUAL DISORDER; VISUAL FIELD DEFECT; VOMITING; WHITE MATTER;

EID: 31644433923     PISSN: 13507540     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.wco.0000200545.37539.4e     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Ringelstein EB, Nabavi DG. Cerebral small vessel disease: cerebral microangiopathies. Curr Opin Neurol 2005; 18:179-188.
2. Tuffnell DJ, Jankowicz D, Lindow SW, et al. Yorkshire Critical Care Group. Outcomes of severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Yorkshire 1999/2003. BJOG 2005; 112:875-880. A remarkable observational study over several years in a large and representative area.
3. Stott VL, Hurrell MA, Anderson TJ. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: a misnomer reviewed. Intern Med J 2005; 35:83-90.
4. Hinshey J, Chaves C, Appignani B. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy-syndrome. N Engl J Med 1996; 334:494-500.
5. Antunes NL, Small TN, George D, et al. Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome may not be reversible. Pediatr Neurol 1999; 20:241-243.
6. Ugurel MS, Hayakawa M. Implications of post-gadolinium MRI results in 13 cases with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Eur J Radiol 2005; 53:441-449.
7. Kastrup O, Maschke M, Wanke I, Diener HC. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to severe hypercalcaemia. J Neurol 2002; 249:1563-1566.
8. Kim JH, Kim MJ, Kang JK, Lee SA. Vasogenic edema in a case of hypercalcemia-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy. Eur Neurol 2005; 53:160-162.
9. Port JD, Beauchamp NJ. Reversible intracerebral pathologic entities mediated by vascular autoregulatory dysfunction. Radiographics 1998; 18:353-367.
10. Lamy C, Oppenheim C, Meder JF, Mass JL. Neuroimaging in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. J Neuroimaging 2004; 14:89-96. This paper highlights the recent progress in differentiating vasogenic oedema from ischemic damage, which is particularly helpful in the differential diagnosis of posterior encephalopathy.
11. Martin JN Jr, Thigpen BD, Moore RC, et al. Stroke and severe preeclampsia and eclampsia: a paradigm shift focusing on systolic blood pressure. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105:246-254.
12. Ortega-Carnicer J, Ambros A, Diarte JI. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a young trauma patient. Resuscitation 2005; 64:119-120.
13. Fontenot MT, Lewis DF, Frederick JB, et al. A prospective randomised trial of magnesium sulfate in severe preeclampsia: use of diuresis as a clinical parameter to determine the duration of postpartum therapy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 192:1788-1793; discussion 1793-1794.
14. Sibai BM. Magnesium sulfate prophylaxis in preeclampsia: lessons learned from recent trials. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 190:1520-1526. The latest views on magnesium sulfate in pregnancy and puerperium.
15. The MAGPIE-Trial Group. Do women with pre-eclampsia and their babies, benefit from magnesium sulfate? The MAGPIE-trial: a randomised, placebo controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 359:1877-1890.
16. Crowteer CA, Hiller JE, Doyle LW, Hathlamm RR, for the Austral-Asian Collaborative Trial of Magnesium Sulfate (ACTO MgSO 4) Collaborative Group. Effect of magnesium sulfate given for neuroprotection before preterm birth: a randomised controlled trial. JAMA 2003; 290:2669-2676.
17. Magee LA, Miremadi S, Li J, et al. Therapy with both magnesium sulfate and nifedipine does not increase the risk of serious magnesium-related maternal side effects in women with preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 193:153-163.
18. Magee LA, von Dadelszen P, Bohun CM, et al. Serious perinatal complications of non-proteinuric hypertension: an international, multicentre, retrospective cohort study. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2003; 25:372-382.
19. Petty GW, Yanagihara T, Bartleson JD, et al. Retinocochleocerebralvasculopathy [abstract]. Ann Neurol 1991; 30:245.
20. Petty GW, Engel AG, Younge BR, et al. Retinocochleocerebral vasculopathy. Medicine (Baltimore) 1998; 77:12-40.
21. Saw V, Canty PA, Green CM, et al. Susac syndrome: microangiopathy of the retina, cochlea and brain. Clin Exp Ophthal 2000; 28:373-381.
22. Susac JO, Hardman JM, Selhorst JB. Microangiopathy of the brain and retina. Neurology 1979; 29:313-316.
23. Susac JO. Susac syndrome: the triad of microangiopathy of the brain and retina with hearing loss in young women. Neurology 1994; 44:591-593.
24. Mass M, Bourdette D, Bernstein W, Hammerstad J. Retinopathy, encephalopathy, deafness associated microangiopathy (the RED-M syndrome): three new cases. Neurology 1988; 38:S215.
25. Nicolle MW, McLachlan RS. Microangiopathy with retinopathy, encephalopathy and deafness (RED-M) and systemic features. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1991; 21:123-128.
26. Schwitter J, Agosti R, Ott P, et al. Small infarctions of the cochlear, retinal and encephalic tissue in young women. Stroke 1992; 23:903-907.
27. Petty GW, Matteson EL, Younge BR, et al. Recurrence of Susac syndrome (retinocochleocerebral vasculopathy) after remission of 18 years. Mayo Clin Proc 2001; 76:958-960.
28. Egan RA, Nguyen TH, Gass DM, et al. Retinal arterial wall plaques in Susac syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2003; 135:483-486.
29. Gordon DL, Hayreh SS, Adams HP Jr. Microangiopathy of the brain, retina and ear: improvement with immunosuppressive therapy. Stroke 1991; 22:933-937.
30. Vila N, Graus F, Blesa R, et al. Microangiopathy of the brain and retina (Susac's syndrome): two patients with atypical features. Neurology 1995; 45:1225-1226.
31. Susac JO, Murtagh FR, Egan RA, et al. MRI findings in Susac's syndrome. Neurology 2003; 61:1783-1787.
32. Xu MS, Tan CB, Umapathi T, Lim CCT. Susac syndrome: serial diffusion-weighted MR-imaging. Magn Res Imag 2004; 22:1295-1298. Remarkable paper with detailed new information on the peculiarities of Susac's syndrome on MRI considering various sequences.
33. Zeidmann LA, Melen O, Gottardi-Littell N, et al. Susac syndrome with transient inverted vision. Neurology 2004; 63:591.
34. Wildemann B, Schulin C, Storch-Hagenlocher B, et al. Susac's syndrome: improvement with combined antiplatelet and calcium antagonist therapy. Stroke 1996; 27:149-151.
35. Li HK, Dejean BJ, Tang RA. Reversal of visual loss with hyperbaric oxygen treatment in a patient with Susac syndrome. Ophthalmology 1996; 103:2091-2098.
36. Lim CC, Lee WL, Leo YS, et al. Late clinical and magnetic resonance imaging follow up of Nipah virus infection. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74:131-133.