Effects of size, sex, and voluntary running speeds on costs of locomotion in lines of laboratory mice selectively bred for high wheel-running activity

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

Volumn 79, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 83-99

  Rezende, Enrico L ^a,b   Kelly, Scott A ^a   Gomes, Fernando R ^a   Chappell, Mark A ^a   Garland Jr , Theodore ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION BIOLOGY   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

RODENT; SELECTIVE BREEDING;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BODY SIZE; BODY WEIGHT; BREEDING; FEMALE; GENETIC SELECTION; GENETICS; HISTOLOGY; MALE; MOUSE; PHYSIOLOGY; REPRODUCIBILITY; RUNNING; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; STATISTICAL MODEL;

ANIMALS; BODY SIZE; BODY WEIGHT; BREEDING; FEMALE; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MICE; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RUNNING; SELECTION (GENETICS); SEX CHARACTERISTICS;

ANIMALIA; MUS MUSCULUS; MUS MUSCULUS DOMESTICUS;

EID: 30944435509     PISSN: 15222152     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/498187     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Alexander R.M. 1989. Optimization and gaits in the locomotion of vertebrates. Physiol Rev 69:1199-1227.
2. Bartholomew G.A., D. Vleck, and C.M. Vleck. 1981. Instantaneous measurements of oxygen consumption during preflight warm-up and postflight cooling in sphinged and saturniid moths. J Exp Biol 90:17-32.
3. Bennett A.F. 2003. Experimental evolution and the Krogh principle: generating biological novelty for functional and genetic analyses. Physiol Biochem Zool 76:1-11.
4. Billat V.L., E. Mouisel, N. Roblot, and J. Melki. 2005. Inter-and intrastrain variation in mouse critical running speed. J Appl Physiol 98:1258-1263.
5. Bramble D.M. and D.E. Lieberman. 2004. Endurance running and the evolution of Homo. Nature 432:345-352.
6. Bronikowski A.M., P.A. Carter, J.S. Swallow, I. Girard, J.S. Rhodes, and T. Garland Jr. 2001. Open-field behavior of house mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running. Behav Genet 31:309-316.
7. Carbone C., G. Cowlishaw, N.J.B. Isaac, and J.M. Rowcliffe. 2005. How far do animals go? determinants of day range in mammals. Am Nat 165:290-297.
8. Carrano M.T. 1999. What, if anything, is a cursor? categories versus continua for determining locomotor habit in mammals and dinosaurs. J Zool (Lond) 247:29-42.
9. Carter P.A., J.G. Swallow, S.J. Davis, and T. Garland Jr. 2000. Nesting behavior of house mice selected for increased wheel-running activity. Behav Genet 28:227-237.
10. Chappell M.A., T. Garland, E.L. Rezende, and F.R. Gomes. 2004. Voluntary running in deer mice: speed, distance, energy costs, and temperature effects. J Exp Biol 207:3839-3854.
11. Chappell M.A., E.L. Rezende, and K.A. Hammond. 2003. Age and aerobic performance in deer mice. J Exp Biol 206:1221-1231.
12. Christian K.A., R.V. Baudinette, and Y. Pamula. 1997. Energetic costs of activity by lizards in the field. Funct Ecol 11:392-397.
13. Cook R.D. and S. Weisberg. 1999. Applied Regression Including Computing and Graphics. Wiley, New York.
14. Corp N., M.L. Gorman, and J.R. Speakman. 1999. Daily energy expenditure of free-living male wood mice in different habitats and seasons. Funct Ecol 13:585-593.
15. Drent J., W.D.V. Lichtenbelt, and M. Wikelski. 1999. Effects of foraging mode and season on the energetics of the marine iguana, Amblyrhyncus cristatus. Funct Ecol 13:493-499.
16. Dickinson M.H., C.T. Farley, R.J. Full, M.A.R. Koehl, R. Kram, and S. Lehman. 2000. How animals move: an integrative view. Science 288:100-106.
17. Ferguson S.H. and S. Lariviere. 2002. Can comparing life histories help conserve carnivores? Anim Conserv 5:1-12.
18. Gammie S.C., N.S. Hasen, J.S. Rhodes, I. Girard, and T. Garland Jr. 2003. Predatory aggression, but not maternal or intermale aggression, is associated with high voluntary wheel-running behavior in mice. Horm Behav 44:209-221.
19. Garland T., Jr. 1983. Scaling the ecological cost of transport to body mass in terrestrial mammals. Am Nat 121:571-587.
20. _. 1999. Laboratory endurance capacity predicts variation in field locomotor behaviour among lizard species. Anim Behav 57:77-83.
21. _. 2003. Selection experiments: an under-utilized tool in biomechanics and organismal biology. Pp. 23-56 in V.L. Bels, J.-P. Gasc, and A. Casinos, eds. Vertebrate Biomechanics and Evolution. BIOS Scientific, Oxford.
22. Garland T., Jr., and P.A. Carter. 1994. Evolutionary physiology. Annu Rev Physiol 56:579-621.
23. Garland T., Jr., and P.A. Freeman. 2005. Selective breeding for high endurance running increases hindlimb symmetry. Evolution 59:1851-1854.
24. Garland T., Jr., M.T. Morgan, J.G. Swallow, J.S. Rhodes, I. Girard, J.G. Belter, and P.A. Carter. 2002. Evolution of a small-muscle polymorphism in lines of house mice selected for high activity levels. Evolution 56:1267-1275.
25. Girard I. 2001. Field cost of activity in the kit fox, Vulpes macrotis. Physiol Biochem Zool 74:191-202.
26. Girard I. and T. Garland Jr. 2002. Plasma corticosterone response to acute and chronic voluntary exercise in female house mice. J Appl Physiol 92:1553-1561.
27. Girard I., M.C. McAleer, J.S. Rhodes, and T. Garland Jr. 2001. Selection for high voluntary wheel-running increases speed and intermittency in house mice (Mus domesticus). J Exp Biol 204:4311-4320.
28. Gorman M.L., M.G. Mills, J.P. Raath, and J.R. Speakman. 1998. High hunting costs make African wild dogs vulnerable to kleptoparasitism by hyaenas. Nature 391:479-481.
29. Goszczynski J. 1986. Locomotor activity of terrestrial predators and its consequences. Acta Theriol 31:79-95.
30. Harestad A.S. and F.L. Bunnell. 1979. Home-range and body weight: a reevaluation. Ecology 60:389-402.
31. Houle-Leroy P., T. Garland Jr., J.G. Swallow, and H. Guderley. 2000. Effects of voluntary activity and genetic selection on muscle metabolic capacitites in house mice Mus domesticus. J Appl Physiol 89:1608-1616.
32. Houle-Leroy P., H. Guderley, J.G. Swallow, and T. Garland, Jr. 2003. Artificial selection for high activity favors mighty mini-muscles in house mice. Am J Physiol 284:R433-R443.
33. Hoyt D.F. and G.J. Kenagy. 1988. Energy costs of walking and running gaits and their aerobic limits in golden-mantled ground squirrels. Physiol Zool 61:34-40.
34. Hoyt D.F. and C.R. Taylor. 1981. Gait and the energetics of locomotion in horses. Nature 292:239-240.
35. Irschick D.J. and T. Garland Jr. 2001. Integrating function and ecology in studies of adaptation: investigations of locomotor capacity as a model system. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 32:367-396.
36. John-Alder H.B., T. Garland Jr., and A.F. Bennett. 1986. Locomotory capacities, oxygen consumption, and the cost of locomotion of the shingle-back lizard (Trachydosaurus rugosus). Physiol Zool 59:523-531.
37. Kelt D.A. and D.H. Van Vuren. 2001. The ecology and macroecology of mammalian home range area. Am Nat 157:637-645.
38. Kemi O.J., J.P. Loennechen, U. Wisløff, and Ø. Ellingsen. 2002. Intensity-controlled treadmill running in mice: cardiac and skeletal muscle hypertrophy. J Appl Physiol 93:1301-1309.
39. Kenagy G.J. and D.F. Hoyt. 1989. Speed and time-energy budget for locomotion in golden-mantled ground squirrels. Ecology 70:1834-1839.
40. Kent G.C. and L. Miller. 1997. Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates. 8th ed. Brown, Dubuque, IA.
41. Koch L.G. and S.L. Britton. 2001. Artificial selection for intrinsic aerobic endurance running capacity in rats. Physiol Genomics 5:45-52.
42. _. 2005. Divergent selection for aerobic capacity in rats as a model for complex disease. Integr Comp Biol 45:405-415.
43. Koteja P. and T. Garland Jr. 2001. Response to R. Eikelboom. Anim Behav 61:F25-F26.
44. Koteja P., J.G. Swallow, P.A. Carter, and T. Garland Jr. 1999. Energy cost of wheel running in house mice: implications for coadaptation of locomotion energy budgets. Physiol Biochem Zool 72:238-249.
45. Kram R. and C.R. Taylor. 1990. Energetics of running: a new perspective. Nature 346:265-267.
46. Liem K.F., W.E. Bemis, W.F. Walker, and L. Grande. 2001. Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective. 3rd ed. Harcourt College, Ft. Worth, TX.
47. MacMillen R.E. and D.S. Hindis. 1992. Standard, cold-induced, and exercise-induced metabolism of rodents. Pp. 16-33 in T.E. Tomasi and T.H. Horton, eds. Mammalian Energetics: Interdisciplinary Views of Metabolism and Reproduction. Comstock, Ithaca, NY.
48. Miles, D.B. 2004. The race goes to the swift: fitness consequences of variation in sprint performance in juvenile lizards. Evol Ecol Res 6:63-75.
49. Myers M.J. and K. Steudel. 1985. Effect of limb mass and its distribution on the energetic cost of running. J Exp Biol 116:363-373.
50. Perry G. and T. Garland Jr. 2002. Lizard home ranges revisited: effects of sex, body size, diet, habitat, and phylogeny. Ecology 83:1870-1885.
51. Perry G., K. LeVering, I. Girard, and T. Garland Jr. 2004. Locomotor performance and social dominance in male Anolis cristatellus. Anim Behav 67:37-47.
52. Rezende E.L., M.A. Chappell, F.R. Gomes, J.L. Malisch, and T. Garland Jr. 2005. Maximal metabolic rates during voluntary exercise, forced exercise, and cold exposure in house mice selectively bred for high wheel-running. J Exp Biol 208:2447-2458.
53. Rhodes J.S., S.C. Gammie, and T Garland Jr. 2005. Neurobiology of mice selected for high voluntary wheel-running activity. Integr Comp Biol 45:438-455.
54. Rhodes J.S., T. Garland Jr., and S.C. Gammie. 2003. Patterns of brain activity associated with variation in voluntary wheel-running behavior. Behav Neurosci 117:1243-1256.
55. Rhodes J.S., P. Koteja, J.G. Swallow, P.A. Carter, and T. Garland, Jr. 2000. Body temperatures of house mice artificially selected for high voluntary wheel-running behavior: repeatability and effect of genetic selection. J Therm Biol 25:391-400.
56. Rice W.R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution 43:223-225.
57. SAS Institute. 1996. SAS Proc Mixed. Version 6.12. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
58. Steudel K.L. 1990. The work and energetic cost of locomotion. I. The effects of limb mass distribution in quadrupeds. J Exp Biol 154:273-285.
59. Swallow J.G., P.A. Carter, and T. Garland Jr. 1998a. Artificial selection for increased wheel-running behavior in house mice. Behav Genet 28:227-237.
60. Swallow J.G. and T. Garland Jr. 2005. Selection experiments as a tool in evolutionary and comparative physiology: insights into complex traits: an introduction to the symposium. Integr Comp Biol 45:387-390.
61. Swallow J.G., T. Garland Jr., P.A. Carter, W.Z. Zhan, and G.C. Sieck. 1998b. Effects of voluntary activity and genetic selection on aerobic capacity in house mice (Mus domesticus). J Appl Physiol 84:69-76.
62. Swallow J.G., P. Koteja, P.A. Carter, and T. Garland Jr. 1999. Artificial selection for increased wheel-running activity in house mice results in decreased body mass at maturity. J Exp Biol 202:2513-2520.
63. Syme D.A., K. Evashuk, B. Grintuch, E.L. Rezende, and T. Garland Jr. 2005. Contractile abilities of normal and "mini" triceps surae muscles from mice (Mus domesticus) selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running. J Appl Physiol 99:1308-1316.
64. Taylor C.R., N. Heglund, and G.M.O. Maloiy. 1982. Energetics and mechanics of terrestrial locomotion. I. Metabolic energy consumption as a function of speed and body size in birds and mammals. J Exp Biol 97:1-21.
65. Taylor C.R., K. Schmidt-Nielsen, and J.L. Raab. 1970. Scaling of the energetic cost of running to body size in mammals. Am J Physiol 219:1104-1107.
66. Thompson S.D., R.E. MacMillen, E.M. Burke, and C.R. Taylor. 1980. The energetic cost of bipedal hopping in small mammals. Nature 287:223-224.
67. 2max and cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol 280:H1301-H1310.
68. Wunder B.A. and P.R. Morrison. 1974. Red squirrel metabolism during incline running. Comp Biochem Physiol 48A:153-161.
69. Zar J.H. 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. 4th ed. Prentice Hall, London.