Metaphorical images of organization: How organizational researchers develop and select organizational metaphors

Human Relations

Volumn 58, Issue 12, 2005, Pages 1545-1578

  Cornelissen, Joep P ^a   Kafouros, Mario ^a   Lock, Andrew R ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b Department of Marketing and Business Administration ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Heuristics; Metaphor; Organization theory; Tropes

Indexed keywords

EID: 30644463258     PISSN: 00187267     EISSN: 1741282X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0018726705061317     Document Type: Article

References (94)

1. Alvesson, M. The play of metaphors. In J. Hassard & M. Parker (Eds), Postmodernism and organizations. London: Sage, 1993, pp. 114-31.
2. Bacharach, S.B. Organizational theories: Some criteria for evaluation. Academy of Management Review, 1989, 14, 496-515.
3. Barley, S.R. & Kunda, G. Design and devotion: Surges of rational and normative ideologies of control in managerial discourse. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1992, 37, 363-400.
4. Baum, J.A.C. & Rowley, T.J. Organizations: An introduction. In J.A.C. Baum (Ed.), Companion to organizations. Oxford: Blackwell, 2002, pp. 8-34.
5. Betton, J. & Dess, G.G. The application of population ecology models to the study of organizations. Academy of Management Review, 1985, 10, 750-7.
6. Beyer, J.M. Metaphors, misunderstanding and mischief: A commentary. Organization Science, 1992, 3, 467-75.
7. Blasko, D. & Connine, C. Effects of familiarity and aptness on metaphor processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1993, 19, 295-308.
8. Bourgeois, V.W. & Pinder, C. Contrasting philosophical perspectives in administrative science: A reply to Morgan. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1983, 28, 608-13.
9. Cameron, L. Identifying and describing metaphor in spoken discourse data. In L. Cameron & G. Low (Eds), Researching and applying metaphor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, pp. 105-32.
10. Chia, R. Metaphors and metaphorization in organizational analysis: Thinking beyond the thinkable. In D. Grant & C. Oswick (Eds), Metaphor and organizations. London: Sage, 1996, pp. 127-45.
11. Cornelissen, J.P. The merit and mischief of metaphor: A reply to Gioia, Schultz and Corley. British Journal of Management, 2002, 13, 277-9.
12. Cornelissen, J.P. What are we playing at? Theatre, organization and the use of metaphor. Organization Studies, 2004, 25, 705-26.
13. Cornelissen, J.P. Beyond compare: Metaphor in organization theory. Academy of Management Review, 2005, 30, 751-64.
14. Cornelissen, J.P. Metaphor and the dynamics of knowledge in organization theory: A case study of the organizational identity metaphor. Journal of Management Studies, in press.
15. Coulson, S. Semantic leaps: Frame-shifting and conceptual blending in meaning construction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
16. Coulson, S. & Oakley, T. Blending basics. Cognitive Linguistics, 2000, 11, 175-96.
17. Crossan, M., Lane, H.W. & White, R.E. An organizational learning framework: From intuition to institution. Academy of Management Review, 1999, 24, 522-37.
18. Daft, R.L. & Weick, K.E. Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems. Academy of Management Review, 1984, 9, 284-95.
19. Daft, R.L. & Wiginton, J.C. Language and organization. Academy of Management Review, 1979, 4, 179-91.
20. Danziger, K. Generative metaphor and the history of psychological discourse. In D.E. Leary (Ed.), Metaphor in the history of psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 331-56.
21. Davidson, D. Inquiries into truth and interpretation. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984.
22. DiMaggio, P.J. & Powell, W.W. The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in institutional fields. American Sociological Review, 1983, 48, 147-60.
23. Dupuy, J.-P. The mechanization of the mind: On the origins of cognitive science. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.
24. Fauconnier, G. Mappings in thought and language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
25. Fauconnier, G. & Turner, M. Conceptual integration networks. Cognitive Science, 1998, 22, 133-87.
26. Fauconnier, G. & Turner, M. The way we think. New York: Basic Books, 2002.
27. Gentner, D., Bowdle, B., Wolff, P. & Boronat, C. Metaphor is like analogy. In D. Centner, K.J. Holyoak & B.N. Kokinov (Eds), The analogical mind: Perspectives from cognitive science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001, pp. 199-253.
28. Gentner, D. & Clement, C. Evidence for relational selectivity in interpreting analogy and metaphor. In G.H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation. New York: Academic Press, 1988, pp. 307-58.
29. Gentner, D. Sc Markman, A.B. Structure mapping in analogy and similarity. American Psychologist, 1997, 52, 45-56.
30. Gibbs, R.W., Jr. Why many concepts are metaphorical. Cognition, 1996, 61, 309-19.
31. Gibbs, R.W., Jr. The fight over metaphor in thought and language. In A.N. Katz (Ed.), Figurative language and thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 88-118.
32. Gilovich, T. & Griffin, D. Heuristics and biases: Then and now. In T. Gilovich, D. Griffin & D. Kahneman (Eds), Heuristics and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, pp. 1-18.
33. Gilovich, T. & Savitsky, K. Like goes with like: The role of representativeness in erroneous and pseudo-scientific beliefs. In T. Gilovich, D. Griffin & D. Kahneman (Eds), Heuristics and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, pp. 617-24.
34. Gioia, D.A. & Pitre, E. Multiparadigm perspectives on theory building. Academy of Management Review, 1990, 15, 584-602.
35. Grant, D. & Oswick, C. (Eds) Metaphor and organizations. London: Sage, 1996.
36. Hassard, J. Essai: Organizational time: Modern, symbolic and postmodern reflections. Organization Studies, 2002, 23, 885-93.
37. Hofstadter, D. and the Fluid Analogies Research Group, fluid concepts and creative analogies. New York: Basic Books, 1995.
38. Hofstede, G. Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. London: Sage, 2002.
39. Holyoak, K. & Thagard, P. Mental leaps: Analogy in creative thought. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995.
40. Hopper, P.J. & Thompson, S.A. The discourse basis for lexical categories in Universal Grammar. Language, 1984, 60, 703-52.
41. Hunt, S.D. & Menon, A. Metaphors and competitive advantage: Evaluating the use of metaphors in theories of competitive strategy. Journal of Business Research, 1995, 33, 81-90.
42. Inns, D. Metaphor in the literature of organizational analysis: A preliminary taxonomy and a glimpse at a humanities-based perspective. Organization, 2002, 9, 305-30.
43. Kahneman, D. Maps of bounded rationality: A perspective on intuitive judgment. Nobel Prize lecture, Stockholm, Sweden, 8 December 2002.
44. Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. On the reality of cognitive illusions: A reply to Gigerenzer's critique. Psychological Review, 1996, 303, 582-91.
45. Katz, A.N. On choosing the vehicles of metaphors: Referential concreteness, semantic distances, and individual differences. Journal of Memory and Language, 1989, 28, 486-99.
46. Katz, A.N. Psychological studies in metaphor processing: Extensions to the placement of terms in semantic space. Poetics Today, 1992, 13, 607-32.
47. Knorr-Cetina, K.D. The manufacture of knowledge: An essay on the constructivist and contextual nature of science. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1981.
48. Lakoff, G. The invariance hypothesis: Is abstract reason based on image-schemas? Cognitive Linguistics, 1990, 1, 39-74.
49. Lakoff, G. The contemporary theory of metaphor. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and thought, 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 202-51.
50. Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. Metaphors we live by. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1980.
51. Leary, D.E. Psyche's muse: The role of metaphor in the history of psychology. In D.E. Leary (Ed.), Metaphor in the history of psychology. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 1-78.
52. Lenat, D.B. The nature of heuristics. Artificial Intelligence, 1982, 19, 189-249.
53. McCloskey, D. Metaphors economists live by. Social Research, 1995, 62, 215-37.
54. McGlone, M.S. & Manfredi, D.A. Topic-vehicle interaction in metaphor comprehension. Memory and Cognition, 2001, 29, 1209-19.
55. McKinley, W., Mone, M.A. & Moon, G. Determinants and development of schools in organization theory. Academy of Management Review, 1999, 24, 634-48.
56. Medin, D.L. & Ross, B.H. Cognitive psychology. Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1997.
57. Morgan, G. Paradigms, metaphors and puzzle solving in organizational theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1980, 25, 605-22.
58. Morgan, G. More on metaphor: Why we cannot control tropes in administrative science. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1983, 28, 601-7.
59. Morgan, G. Images of organization. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1986.
60. Morgan, G. Is there anything more to be said about metaphor? In D. Grant & C. Oswick (Eds) Metaphor and organizations. London: Sage, 1996, pp. 227-40.
61. Murphy, G.L. On metaphoric representation. Cognition, 1996, 60, 173-204.
62. Murphy, G.L. Reasons to doubt the present evidence for metaphoric representation. Cognition, 1997, 62, 99-108.
63. Oakley, T. Conceptual blending, narrative discourse, and rhetoric. Cognitive Linguistics, 1998, 9, 320-60.
64. Orlikowski, W.J. Knowing in practice: Enacting a collective capability in distributed organizing. Organization Science, 2002, 12, 249-74.
65. Oswick, C., Keenoy, T. & Grant, D. Metaphor and analogical reasoning in organization theory: Beyond orthodoxy. Academy of Management Review, 2002, 27, 294-303.
66. Pinder, C. & Bourgeois, V.W. Controlling tropes in administrative science. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1982, 27, 641-52.
67. Putnam, L., Phillips, N. & Chapman, P. Metaphors of communication and organization. In S. Clegg, C. Hardy & W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of organizational studies. London: Sage, 1996, pp. 375-408.
68. Reger, R. & Palmer, T.B. Managerial categorization of competitors: Using old maps to navigate new environments. Organization Science, 1996, 7, 22-39.
69. Rumelhart, D.E. & McClelland, J.L. Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition, Vols 1 and 2. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986.
70. Sandelands, L.E. & Srivatsan, V. The problem of experience in the study of organizations. Organization Studies, 1993, 14, 1-25.
71. Sandelands, L.E. & Stablein, R.E. The concept of organization mind. In S. Bacharach & N. DiTomaso (Eds), Research in the sociology of organizations. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1987, pp. 135-61.
72. Schön, D.E. Generative metaphor: A perspective on problem setting in social policy. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and thought, 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 137-63.
73. Skinner, B.F. The generic nature of the concepts of stimulus and response. Journal of General Psychology, 1935, 12, 40-65.
74. Skinner, B.F. The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. New York: Appleton Century, 1938.
75. Stapel, D.A. & Koomen, M. Interpretation versus reference framing: Assimilation and contrast effects in the organizational domain. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1998, 76, 132-48.
76. Steen, G. From linguistic to conceptual metaphor in five steps. In R.W. Gibbs Jr, & G. Steen (Eds), Metaphor in cognitive linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1999, pp. 57-77.
77. Thiétart, R. & Forgues, B. Chaos theory and organizations. Organization Science, 1995, 6, 19-42.
78. Tourangeau, R. & Rips, L. Interpreting and evaluating metaphors. Journal of Memory and Language, 1991, 30, 452-72.
79. Tourangeau, R. & Sternberg, R. Aptness in metaphor. Cognitive Psychology, 1981, 13, 27-55.
80. Tourangeau, R. & Sternberg, R. Understanding and appreciating metaphors. Cognition, 1982, 11, 203-44.
81. Trick, L. & Katz, A.N. The domain interaction approach to metaphor processing: Relating individual differences and metaphor characteristics. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 1986, 1, 185-213.
82. Tsoukas, H. The missing link: A transformational view of metaphors in organizational science. Academy of Management Review, 1991, 16, 566-85.
83. Tsoukas, H. Analogical reasoning and knowledge generation in organization theory. Organization Studies, 1993, 14, 323-46.
84. Tsoukas, H. & Chia, R. On organizational becoming: Rethinking organizational change. Organization Science, 2002, 13, 567-82.
85. Tsoukas, H. & Knudsen, C. Introduction: The need for meta-theoretical reflection in organization theory. In H. Tsoukas & C. Knudsen (Eds), The Oxford handbook of organization theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003, pp. 1-36.
86. Turner, M. Death is the mother of beauty: Mind, metaphor, criticism. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
87. Tversky, A. & Kahneman, D. Judgement under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 1974, 185, 1124-31.
88. Von Ghyczy, T. The fruitful flaws of strategy metaphors. Harvard Business Review, 2003, 81, 86-94.
89. Walsh, J.P. & Ungson, G.R. Organizational memory. Academy of Management Review, 1991, 76, 57-91.
90. Weick, K.E. The social psychology of organizing, 2nd edn. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1979.
91. Weick, K.E. Theory construction as disciplined imagination. Academy of Management Review, 1989, 14, 516-31.
92. Weick, K.E. What theory is not, theorizing is. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1995, 40, 385-90.
93. Weick, K.E. & Roberts, K.H. Collective mind in organizations: Heedful interrelating on flight decks. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1993, 38, 357-82.
94. Zohar, A. & Morgan, G. Refining our understanding of hypercompetition and hypertubulence. Organization Science, 1996, 7, 460-5.