Management of epileptic seizures

Current Opinion in Oncology

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 314-317

  Hildebrand, Jerzy ^a  

^a JULES BORDET INSTITUTE   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Antiepileptic drugs; Cancer; Drug interactions; Epileptic seizures

Indexed keywords

BENZODIAZEPINE; CARBAMAZEPINE; CORTICOSTEROID; ETIRACETAM; FOSPHENYTOIN SODIUM; GABAPENTIN; LAMOTRIGINE; METHOTREXATE; OXCARBAZEPINE; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; TAXANE DERIVATIVE; TENIPOSIDE; TIAGABINE; TOPIRAMATE; VALPROIC ACID; VIGABATRIN; VINCA ALKALOID;

AGGRESSION; ATAXIA; ATTENTION; BLOOD DYSCRASIA; BLOOD TOXICITY; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN TUMOR; CEREBELLUM ATROPHY; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DEPRESSION; DIPLOPIA; DRUG CONTRAINDICATION; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ERUPTION; DRUG FEVER; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; EOSINOPHILIA; FATIGUE; GABAERGIC SYSTEM; GAIT DISORDER; HUMAN; LANGUAGE DISABILITY; LIVER FUNCTION TEST; LIVER TOXICITY; LYMPHADENOPATHY; MEMORY DISORDER; MENTAL CONCENTRATION; NEUROTOXICITY; NEUTROPENIA; NYSTAGMUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SEDATION; SEIZURE; SIDE EFFECT; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TREATMENT WITHDRAWAL; TREMOR; VERTIGO;

ANTICONVULSANTS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NEOPLASMS; DISEASE MANAGEMENT; DRUG INTERACTIONS; EPILEPSY; GLIOMA; HUMANS; MENINGIOMA;

EID: 3042845811     PISSN: 10408746     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.cco.0000127720.17558.38     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. Schaller B, Ruegg SL: Brain tumor and seizures: pathophysiology and its implication for treatment revisited. Epilepsia 2003, 44:1223-1232. The first part of this review considers potential pathophysiologic mechanisms of tumor-associated seizures including alteration of peritumoral amino acids, pH, regional metabolism, regional enzyme, and protein expression. The second part tackles therapeutic issues and provides a useful summary (table) of AED characteristics.
2. Irlbacher K, Brandt SA, Meyer B-U: In vivo study indicating loss of inhibition in tumor-associated epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2002, 52:119-122.
3. Alamowitch S, Graus F, Uchuya M, et al.: Limbic encephalitis and small cell lung cancer: clinical and immunological features. Brain 1997, 120:923-928.
4. Steeghs N, de Jongh FE, Sillevis Smitt PA, et al.: Cisplatin-induced encephalopathy and seizures. Anticancer Drugs 2003, 14:443-446. Three patients treated with cisplatin developed seizures and encephalopathy; two recovered completely and one developed focal status epilepticus. In the last case postmortem examination showed ischemic lesion and gliosis. This observation illustrates that, as with other systemically administrated anticancer drugs, encephalopathy and seizures, although rare, may occur.
5. Gilliam FC, Fessier AJ, Baker G, et al.: Systematic screening allows reduction of adverse antiepileptic drug effects. Neurology 2004, 62:23-27. This randomized trial shows that systemic screening for antiepileptic drug side effects may increase identification of toxicity and guide medication changes to reduce effects and possibly improve subjective health status.
6. Hirsch E, Schmitz B, Carreno M: Epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs and cognition. Acta Neurol Scand 2003, 108(suppl 180):23-32. This review summarizes cognitive and psychiatric negative and positive (therapeutic) effects of classic (older) and more recent AEDs, and provides same useful guidelines for their use.
7. Mula M, Trimble MR, Thompson P, et al.: Topiramate and word-finding difficulties in patients with epilepsy. Neurology 2003, 60:1104-1107.
8. Ben-Menachem E: Levetiracetam: treatment in epilepsy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2003, 4:2079-2088.
9. Brodie MG, French JA: Role of levetiracetam in treatment of epilepsy. Epileptic Disord 2003, 5(suppl 1):S65-S72. The pharmacokinetic and therapeutic profiles of the drug are reviewed.
10. White JR, Walczak TS, Leppik IE, et al.: Discontinuation of levetiracetam because side effects: a case-control study. Neurology 2003, 61:1218-1221. Of 553 patients, 38 (6.9%) discontinued levetiracetam because of behavioral abnormalities.
11. Ketter TA, Post RM, Theodore WH: Positive and negative psychiatric effects of antiepileptic drugs in patients with seizures. Neurology 1999, 53(suppl 2):S53-S67.
12. Schmitz EB, Robertson MM, Trimble MR: Depression and schizophrenia in epilepsy: social and biological risk factors. Epilepsy Res 1999, 35:59-68.
13. Gopaul S, Farrell K, Abbott F: Effects of age and polytherapy, risk factors of valproic acid (VPA) hepatotoxicity, on the excretion of thiol conjugates of (E)-2,4-diene VPA in people with epilepsy taking VPA. Epilepsia 2003, 44:322-328.
14. Vecht C, Wagner GL, Wilms EB: Interactions between antiepileptic and chemotherapeutic drugs. Lancet Neurology 2003, 2:404-409. Concise but detailed review focusing on the complex interactions between AEDs, chemotherapeutic agents, and corticosteroids in neuro-oncology.
15. Holtzer CD, Reisner-Keller LA: Phenytoin-induced thrombopenia. Ann Pharmacother 1997, 31:435-437.
16. Finsterer J, Pelzl G, Hess B: Severe, isolated thrombopenia under polytherapy with carbamazepine and valproate. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001, 55:423-426.
17. Blackburn SC, Oliart AD, Garcia Rodriguez LA, et al.: Antiepileptics and blood dyscrasias: a cohort study. Pharmacotherapy 1998, 18:1277-1283.
18. Bourg V, Lebrun C, Chichmanian RM, et al.: Nitroso-urea-cisplatin-based chemotherapy associated with valproate: increase of haematologic toxicity. Ann Oncol 2001, 12:217-219.
19. Baba M, Karakas M, Alsungur VL, et al.: The anticonvulsivant hypersensitivity syndrome. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2003, 17:399-401. Clinical and histological findings are described in 32 patients presenting the syndrome.
20. Eralp Y, Aydiner A, Tas F, et al.: Stevens-Johnson syndrome in a patient receiving anti-convulsant therapy during cranial irradiation. Am J Clin Oncol 2001, 24:347-350.
21. Romero-Maldonado N, Sendra Tello J, Raboso Garcia-Baquero E, Harto-Castano A: Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome with fatal outcome. Eur J Dermatol 2002, 12:503-505.
22. Glantz MJ, Cole BF, Forsyth PA, et al.: Practice parameter: Anticonvulsant prophylaxis in Patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2000, 54:1886-1893.
23. Franceschetti S, Binelli S, Casazza M, et al.: Influence of surgery and antiepileptic drugs on seizures symptomatic of brain tumors. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1990, 103:47-51.
24. Shaw MD: Post-operative epilepsy and the efficacy of anticonvulsant therapy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1990, 50(suppl):555-557.
25. Wiener P: Neuroactive steroids, relaxation, and seizure control. Int J Neurosci 2003, 133:613-639. The anticonvulsant activity considered in this paper concerns neuroactive steroids such as pregnenolone-sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).
26. Hirsch E, Genton P: Antiepileptic drug-induced pharmacodynamic aggravation of seizures: does valproate have a lower potential. CNS Drugs. 2003, 17:633-640. The analysis of 20 publications suggests that VPA, unlike most AEDs including newer ones, appears to have a very low potential for seizure aggravation when drug doses are increased.
27. Brodie MJ, Kwan P: Staged approach to epilepsy management. Neurology 2002, 58(suppl):S2-S8.
28. Lathers CM, Schraeder PL, Claycamp HG: Clinical pharmacology of topiramate versus lamotrigine versus phenobarbital: comparison of efficacy and side effects using odds ratios. J Clin Pharmacol 2003, 43:491-503.
29. Virrotti A, Trotta D, Salladini C, et al.: Risk factors for recurrence of epilepsy and withdrawal of antiepileptic therapy: a practical approach. Ann Med 2003, 35:207-215.