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J Virol
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Meloni, S.T.1
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Characteristics of HIV-1 env V3 loop sequences for subtype A1 variant spread in Eastern Europe
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Papuashvili MN, Novokhatsky AS, Shcherbakova TI. Characteristics of HIV-1 env V3 loop sequences for subtype A1 variant spread in Eastern Europe. Infect Genet Evol 2005; 5:45-53.
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French national sentinel survey of antiretroviral drug resistance in patients with HIV-1 primary infection and in antiretroviral-naive chronically infected patients in 2001-2002
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Descamps D, Chaix ML, Andre P, et al. French national sentinel survey of antiretroviral drug resistance in patients with HIV-1 primary infection and in antiretroviral-naive chronically infected patients in 2001-2002. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 38:545-552.
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Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype on first-line antiretroviral therapy effectiveness
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Monno L, Brindicci G, Lo Caputo S, et al. HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) from HIV-infected patients residing in two regions of central and southern Italy. J Med Virol 2005; 75:483-490.
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Impact of HIV type 1 genetic subtype on the outcome of antiretroviral therapy
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Atlas A, Granath F, Lindstrom A, et al. Impact of HIV type 1 genetic subtype on the outcome of antiretroviral therapy. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2005; 21:221-227.
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Atlas, A.1
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29744458923
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Risk group predicts the prevalence of primary resistance amongst newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients presenting with established infection according to the STARHS algorithm
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Geretti AM, Booth C, Labbett WA, et al. Risk group predicts the prevalence of primary resistance amongst newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients presenting with established infection according to the STARHS algorithm. Antivir Ther 2005; 10:S131.
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Antivir Ther
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Geretti, A.M.1
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8
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Surveillance of drug resistance and HIV subtypes in newly diagnosed patients in Spain during
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Martinez-Picado J, Gutierrez C, de Mendoza C, et al. Surveillance of drug resistance and HIV subtypes in newly diagnosed patients in Spain during. Antivir Ther 2005; 10:S137.
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Martinez-Picado, J.1
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9
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22944447124
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HIV-1 genetic diversity in antenatal cohort, Canada
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Akouamba BS, Viel J, Charest H, et al. HIV-1 genetic diversity in antenatal cohort, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11:1230-1234.
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Akouamba, B.S.1
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10
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Characterization of complete HIV type 1 genomes from non-B subtype infections in U.S. military personnel
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Tovanabutra S, Brodine SK, Mascola JR, et al. Characterization of complete HIV type 1 genomes from non-B subtype infections in U.S. military personnel. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2005; 21:424-429. This paper describes the extensive characterization of non-B subtypes and recombinants forms detected in military US personnel.
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Tovanabutra, S.1
Brodine, S.K.2
Mascola, J.R.3
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11
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Frequency of HIV-1 dual subtype infections, including intersubtype superinfections, among injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand
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Hu DJ, Subbarao S, Vanichseni S, et al. Frequency of HIV-1 dual subtype infections, including intersubtype superinfections, among injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand. AIDS 2005; 19:303-308. This paper provides evidence that whereas dual-subtype coinfection is rare, superinfection occurs commonly among intravenous drug abusers exposed to multiple HIV-1 subtypes.
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AIDS
, vol.19
, pp. 303-308
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Hu, D.J.1
Subbarao, S.2
Vanichseni, S.3
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12
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23444441923
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Genetic diversification and recombination of HIV type 1 group M in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Yang C, Li M, Mokili JL, et al. Genetic diversification and recombination of HIV type 1 group M in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2005; 21:661-666.
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AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
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Yang, C.1
Li, M.2
Mokili, J.L.3
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13
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High genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Angola
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Bartolo I, Epalanga M, Bartolomeu J, et al. High genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Angola. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2005; 21:306-310.
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AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
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Bartolo, I.1
Epalanga, M.2
Bartolomeu, J.3
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14
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HIV-1 diversity and prevalence differ between urban and rural areas in the Mbeya region of Tanzania
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Arroyo MA, Hoelscher M, Sateren W, et al. HIV-1 diversity and prevalence differ between urban and rural areas in the Mbeya region of Tanzania. AIDS 2005; 19:1517-1524. This paper demonstrates that HIV-1 prevalence, subtype distribution and frequency of dual infections can differ considerably between geographic areas in close proximity. It also provides evidence that the HIV-1 epidemic in urban areas is more complex and includes more recombinants and more dual infections than in rural areas, suggesting that the sexual networks related to HIV-1 transmission are at least partially distinct in urban and rural populations in Tanzania.
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AIDS
, vol.19
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Arroyo, M.A.1
Hoelscher, M.2
Sateren, W.3
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15
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4344696683
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HIV type 1 circulating recombinant form CRF09_cpx from west Africa combines subtypes A, F, G, and may share ancestors with CRF02_AG and Z321
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McCutchan FE, Sankale JL, M'Boup S, et al. HIV type 1 circulating recombinant form CRF09_cpx from west Africa combines subtypes A, F, G, and may share ancestors with CRF02_AG and Z321. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004; 20:819-826. The paper describes the characterization of CRF09_cpx, a newly identified complex recombinant HIV-1 whose principal focus is in West Africa.
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AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
, vol.20
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McCutchan, F.E.1
Sankale, J.L.2
M'Boup, S.3
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16
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The changing molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 among northern Thai drug users, 1999 to 2002
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Tovanabutra S, Beyrer C, Sakkhachornphop S, et al. The changing molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 among northern Thai drug users, 1999 to 2002. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004; 20:465-475. The paper describes the characterization of CRF01_AE/B recombinants detected in Thailand.
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, vol.20
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Tovanabutra, S.1
Beyrer, C.2
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17
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23244449022
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Outbreak of a West African recombinant of HIV-1 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Carr JK, Nadai Y, Eyzaguirre L, et al. Outbreak of a West African recombinant of HIV-1 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 39:570-575. The paper describes the characterization of CRF02_AG/A recombinants detected in Uzbekistan.
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J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
, vol.39
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Carr, J.K.1
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18
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9344246865
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Two viral strains and a possible novel recombinant are responsible for the explosive injecting drug use-associated HIV type 1 epidemic in Estonia
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Zetterberg V, Ustina V, Liitsola K, et al. Two viral strains and a possible novel recombinant are responsible for the explosive injecting drug use-associated HIV type 1 epidemic in Estonia. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004; 20:1148-1156.
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Zetterberg, V.1
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Liitsola, K.3
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19
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23044497400
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Identification of a novel HIV-1 complex circulating recombinant form (CRF18_cpx) of Central African origin in Cuba
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Thomson MM, Casado G, Posada D, et al. Identification of a novel HIV-1 complex circulating recombinant form (CRF18_cpx) of Central African origin in Cuba. AIDS 2005; 19:1155-1163. This paper describes the complex structure of CRF18_cpx.
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Thomson, M.M.1
Casado, G.2
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20
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20044366719
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The analysis of near full-length genome sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 BF intersubtype recombinant viruses from Chile, Venezuela and Spain reveals their relationship to diverse lineages of recombinant viruses related to CRF12_BF
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Sierra M, Thomson MM, Rios M, et al. The analysis of near full-length genome sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 BF intersubtype recombinant viruses from Chile, Venezuela and Spain reveals their relationship to diverse lineages of recombinant viruses related to CRF12_BF. Infect Genet Evol 2005; 5:209-217. This paper identifies epidemic patterns that lead to the generation of BF recombinants in South America.
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Infect Genet Evol
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Sierra, M.1
Thomson, M.M.2
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21
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Yang OO, Daar ES, Jamieson BD, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clade B superinfection: evidence for differential immune containment of distinct clade B strains. J Virol 2005; 79:860-868. This paper suggests that poor cross-reactivity of epitopes targeted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes may facilitate superinfection.
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J Virol
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Yang, O.O.1
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22
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Identification of a major restriction in HIV-1 intersubtype recombination
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Chin MP, Rhodes TD, Chen J, et al. Identification of a major restriction in HIV-1 intersubtype recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102:9002-9007. The study identifies a major restriction to intersubtype recombination, implying that the evolution of HIV-1 sequences is constrained by sequence differences. The observation may contribute to explaining the persistence of individual subtypes in the face of the propensity of HIV-1 for recombination. The findings also support the hypothesis that one viral RNA dimer, rather than two monomeric RNAs, is packaged by the viral proteins.
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(2005)
Proc Natl Acad Sci
, vol.102
, pp. 9002-9007
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Chin, M.P.1
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Chen, J.3
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23
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The replicative fitness of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M, HIV-1 group O, and HIV-2 isolates
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Arien KK, Abraha A, Quinones-Mateu ME, et al. The replicative fitness of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M, HIV-1 group O, and HIV-2 isolates. J Virol 2005; 79:8979-8990. The findings presented in this study support the hypothesis that the successful spread and the greater pathogenic potential of group M viruses relative to group O viruses and HIV-2 reflect better replicative capacity in the cellular targets of infection. The data also suggest that although the pathogenic potential of subtype C may be attenuated relative to other group M viruses, the successful spread of subtype C within the epidemic is at least partially related to efficiency of transmission.
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J Virol
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Arien, K.K.1
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24
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18844372793
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Differences in the fitness of two diverse wild-type human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates are related to the efficiency of cell binding and entry
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Marozsan AJ, Moore DM, Lobritz MA, et al. Differences in the fitness of two diverse wild-type human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates are related to the efficiency of cell binding and entry. J Virol 2005; 79:7121-7134. The findings demonstrate that the reduced fitness of subtype C relative to subtype B correlates with weaker cell-surface binding, poor entry efficiency and greater susceptibility to inhibition by the CCR5 agonist RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and the fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide. The study identifies entry, rather than other steps in the virus-replication cycle, as the major determinant of virus fitness.
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(2005)
J Virol
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Marozsan, A.J.1
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25
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Selection for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycosylation variants with shorter V1-V2 loop sequences occurs during transmission of certain genetic subtypes and may impact viral RNA levels
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Chohan B, Lang D, Sagar M, et al. Selection for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycosylation variants with shorter V1-V2 loop sequences occurs during transmission of certain genetic subtypes and may impact viral RNA levels. J Virol 2005; 79:6528-6531. This study identified a significant direct correlation between HIV-1 viral-load set point level and the number of potential N-linked glycosylation sites in the envelope sequence, thus confirming evidence from animal models. The findings suggest that the level of envelope glycosylation modulates susceptibility to the host virus-neutralizing antibody response.
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J Virol
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Chohan, B.1
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Renjifo B, Gilbert P, Chaplin B, et al. Preferential in-utero transmission of HIV-1 subtype C as compared to HIV-1 subtype A or D. AIDS 2004; 18:1629-1636.
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Renjifo, B.1
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Subtype C is associated with increased vaginal shedding of HIV-1
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John-Stewart GC, Nduati RW, Rousseau CM, et al. Subtype C is associated with increased vaginal shedding of HIV-1. J Infect Dis 2005; 192:492-496. This study detected a higher level of genital shedding of HIV-1-infected cells in subtype C relative to subtypes A and D, a finding which may be related to transmission efficiency.
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J Infect Dis
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John-Stewart, G.C.1
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Fischetti, L.1
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Aghokeng AF, Ewane L, Awazi B, et al. Enfuvirtide binding domain is highly conserved in non-B HIV type 1 strains from Cameroon, West Central Africa. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2005; 21:430-433.
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Cilliers T, Patience T, Pillay C, et al. Sensitivity of HIV type 1 subtype C isolates to the entry inhibitor T-20. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004; 20:477-482.
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AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
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Fleury HJ, Toni TA, Lan NTH, et al. Susceptibility to ARVs of CR01_AE, CRF02_AG and subtype C viruses from naïve patients: comparative genotypical and phenotypical data. Antivir Ther 2005; 10:S148.
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Fleury, H.J.1
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Highly potent inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by TAK-220, an orally bioavailable small-molecule CCR5 antagonist
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Takashima K, Miyake H, Kanzaki N, et al. Highly potent inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by TAK-220, an orally bioavailable small-molecule CCR5 antagonist. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49:3474-3482. This study demonstrates that the activity of CCR5 inhibitors may be independent of subtype-related variability.
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Takashima, K.1
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Biological phenotype of HIV-1 BG recombinants and other genetic forms from Galicia, Spain
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24-27 July 2005; Rio de Janeiro. Geneva: International AIDS Society. Abstract MoOa0405
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Perez-Alvarez L, Munoz M, Delgado E, et al. Biological phenotype of HIV-1 BG recombinants and other genetic forms from Galicia, Spain. 3rd International AIDS Society Conference On HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment; 24-27 July 2005; Rio de Janeiro. Geneva: International AIDS Society. Abstract MoOa0405; 2005.
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3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment
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Perez-Alvarez, L.1
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Delgado, E.3
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37
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Phenotypic and genotypic comparisons of CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 biological clones isolated from subtype C-infected individuals
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Pollakis G, Abebe A, Kliphuis A, et al. Phenotypic and genotypic comparisons of CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 biological clones isolated from subtype C-infected individuals. J Virol 2004; 78:2841-2852. This paper explores the coreceptor use of subtype C viruses and describes the genetic gp120 modifications that result in the R5-to-X4 coreceptor switch.
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J Virol
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Impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral therapy on protease and reverse transcriptase genotype: Results of a global collaboration
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Kantor R, Katzenstein DA, Efron B, et al. Impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral therapy on protease and reverse transcriptase genotype: results of a global collaboration. PLoS Med 2005; 2:e112. This paper summarizes the natural variation in the pol gene occurring in B and predominant non-B subtypes.
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PLoS Med
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Kantor, R.1
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Subtype analysis and mutations to antiviral drugs in HIV-1-infected patients from Mozambique before initiation of antiretroviral therapy: Results from the DREAM programme
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Characterization of mutations in CRF01_AE virus isolates from antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced patients in Singapore
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Hsu LY, Subramaniam R, Bacheler L, Paton NI. Characterization of mutations in CRF01_AE virus isolates from antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced patients in Singapore. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 38:5-13.
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Substitution of methionine at position 89 of the protease gene by other amino acids occurs differentially during selection of particular resistance pathways in subtype C-patients
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Grossman Z, Maayan S, Averbuch D, et al. Substitution of methionine at position 89 of the protease gene by other amino acids occurs differentially during selection of particular resistance pathways in subtype C-patients. Antivir Ther 2005; 10:S115.
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Parkin N, Chappey C, Lam E, Petropoulos C. Reduced susceptibility to protease inhibitors (PI) in the absence of primary PI-resistance-associated mutations. Antivir Ther 2005; 10:S118.
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Low accumulation of L90M in protease from subtype F HIV-1 with resistance to protease inhibitors is caused by the L89M polymorphism
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Calazans A, Brindeiro R, Brindeiro P, et al. Low accumulation of L90M in protease from subtype F HIV-1 with resistance to protease inhibitors is caused by the L89M polymorphism. J Infect Dis 2005; 191:1961-1970. This paper describes the interactions between the protease mutations L89M and L90M and demonstrates that the secondary mutation L89M affects susceptibility to protease inhibitors in subtype F.
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