Magnesium sulfate fails to reduce infarct volume following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats

Neuroscience Research

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 347-353

  Zhu, Hong Dong ^a   Martin, Rosemary ^b   Meloni, Bruno ^a   Oltvolgyi, Csongor ^b   Moore, Stephen ^a   Majda, Bernadette ^a   Knuckey, Neville ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Focal cerebral ischemia; Intraluminal thread method; MgSO4; Middle cerebral artery occlusion

Indexed keywords

MAGNESIUM SULFATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BODY TEMPERATURE; BRAIN INFARCTION SIZE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFICACY; EVALUATION; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; MALE; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SPECIES COMPARISON; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMALS; ANTICONVULSANTS; BODY TEMPERATURE; BRAIN INFARCTION; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; MAGNESIUM SULFATE; MALE; RANDOM ALLOCATION; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; RATS, WISTAR; TETRAZOLIUM SALTS;

EID: 2942617065     PISSN: 01680102     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2004.04.001     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bederson J.B., Pitts L.H., Tsuji M., Nishimura M.C., Davis R.L., Bartkowski H. Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion: evaluation of the model and development of a neurologic examination. Stroke. 17:1986;472-476
2. Bernard S.A., Gray T.W., Buist M.D., Jones B.M., Silvester W., Gutteridge G., Smith K. Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia. N. Engl. J. Med. 346:2002;557-563
3. Blair J.L., Warner D.S., Todd M.M. Effects of elevated plasma magnesium versus calcium on cerebral ischemic injury in rats. Stroke. 20:1989;507-512
4. Buchan A., Pulsinelli W.A. Hypothermia but not N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, MK-801, attenuates neuronal damage in gerbils subjected to transient global ischemia. J. Neurosci. 10:1990;311-316
5. Corbett D., Evans S., Thomas C., Wang D., Jons R. MK-801 reduces cerebral ischemic injury by reducing hypothermia. Brain Res. 514:1990;300-304
6. Dowden J., Reid C., Dooley P., Corbett D. Diazepam-induced neuroprotection: dissociating the effects of hypothermia following global ischemia. Brain Res. 829:1999;1-6
7. Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Stroke (IMAGES) Study Investigators, 2004. Magnesium for acute stroke (Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Stroke trial): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 363, 439-445.
8. Izumi Y., Roussel S., Pinard E., Seylaz J. Reduction of infarct volume by magnesium after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 11:1991;1025-1030
9. Kawai K., Okauchi M., Morisaki K., Nagao S. Effects of delayed intraischemic and postischemic hypothermia on a focal model of transient cerebral ischemia in rats. Stroke. 31:2000;1982-1989
10. Kinoshita Y., Ueyama T., Senba E., Terada T., Nakai K., Itakura T. Expression of c-fos, heat shock protein 70, neurotrophins, and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in response to focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats and their modification by magnesium sulfate. J. Neurotrauma. 18:2001;435-445
11. Laptook A.R., Sterett R., Burns D.K., Garcia D., Tollefsbol G. Modest hypothermia provides partial neurprotection when used for immediate resuscitation after brain ischemia. Pediatr. Res. 42:1997;17-23
12. Lee E.J., Ayoub I.A., Harris F.B., Hassan M., Ogilvy C.S., Maynard K.I. Mexiletine and magnesium independently, but not combined, protect against permanent focal cerebral ischemia in Wistar rats. J. Neurosci. Res. 58:1999;442-448
13. Lin J.Y., Chung S.Y., Lin M.C., Cheng F.C. Effects of magnesium sulfate on energy metabolites and glutamate in the cortex during focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the gerbil monitored by a dual-probe microdialysis technique. Life Sci. 71:2002;803-811
14. Lipton P. Ischemic cell death in brain neurons. Physiol. Rev. 79:1999;1431-1568
15. Marinov M.B., Harbaugh K.S., Hoopes P.J., Pikus H.J., Harbaugh R.E. Neuroprotective effects of preischemia intraarterial magnesium sulfate in reversible focal cerebral ischemia. J. Neurosurg. 85:1996;117-124
16. Markarian G.Z., Lee J.H., Stein D.J., Hong S.-C. Mild hypothermia: therapeutic window after experimental cerebral ischemia. Neurosurgery. 38:1996;542-551
17. Milani H., Lepri E.R., Giordani F., Favero-Filho L.A. Magnesium chloride alone or in combination with diazepam fails to prevent hippocampal damage following transient forebrain ischemia. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 32:1999;1285-1293
18. Miles A.N., Majda B.T., Meloni B.P., Knuckey N.W. Postischemic intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate inhibits hippocampal CA1 neuronal death after transient global ischemia in rats. Neurosurgery. 49:2001;1443-1451
19. Modo M., Stroemer R.P., Tang E., Veizovic T., Sowniski P., Hodges H. Neurological sequelae and long-term behavioural assessment of rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. J. Neurosci. Methods. 104:2000;99-109
20. Nurse S., Corbett D. Neuroprotection after several days of mild, drug-induced hypothermia. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 16:1996;474-480
21. Okawa M. Effects of magnesium sulfate on brain damage by complete global brain ischemia. Masui J. Anesthesiol. 41:1992;341-355
22. Roffe C., Thomas L., Fotheringham A., Davis I. The effect of magnesium on infarct size and oedema after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Cerebrovas. Dis. 6:1996;42
23. Schmid-Elsaesser R., Zausinger S., Hungerhuber E., Baethmann A., Reulen H.-J. Neuroprotective effects of combination therapy with tirilazad and magnesium in rats subjected to reversible focal cerebral ischemia. Neurosurgery. 44:1999;163-172
24. Schwartz R.D., Huff R.A., Yu X., Carter M.L., Bishop M. Postischemic diazepam is neuroprotective in the gerbil hippocampus. Brain Res. 647:1994;153-160
25. Schwartz R.D., Yu X., Katzman M.R., Hayden-Hixson D.M., Perry J.M. Diazepam, given postischemia, protects selectively vulnerable neurons in the rat hippocampus and striatum. J. Neurosci. 15:1995;529-539
26. Sirin B.H., Coskun E., Yilik L., Ortac R., Sirin H., Tetik C. Neuroprotective effects of preischemia subcutaneous magnesium sulfate in transient cerebral ischemia. Eur. J. Cardiothoracic. Surg. 14:1998;82-88
27. Swan J., Evans M., Meldrum B. Long-term development of selective neuronal loss and the mechanism of protection by 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoate in a rat model of incomplete forebrain ischemia. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 8:1988;64-78
28. The Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest Study Group, 2002. Mild therapeutic hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. N. Eng. J. Med. 346, 549-556.
29. Yang Y., Li Q., Ahmad F., Shuaib A. Survival and histological evaluation of therapeutic window of post-ischemia treatment with magnesium sulfate in embolic stroke model of rat. Neurosci. Lett. 285:2000;119-122
30. Yenari M.A., Iwayama S., Cheng D., Sun G.H., Fujimura M., Morita-Fujimura Y., Chan P.H., Steinberg G.K. Mild hypothermia attenuates cytochrome c release but does not alter bcl-2 expression or caspase activation after experimental stroke. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 22:2002;29-38
31. Zhang R.L., Chopp M., Zhang Z.G., Jiang Q., Ewing J.T. A rat model of focal embolic cerebral ischemia. Brain Res. 766:1997;83-92
32. Zhu, H., Meloni, B.P., Moore, S.R., Majda, B.T., Knuckey, N.W., 2004. Intravenous administration of magnesium is only neuroprotective following transient global ischemia when present with post-ischemic mild hypothermia. Brain Res., in press.