메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 647-668

Foreign policy in transition? Human rights, democracy, and U.S. arms exports

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARMS TRADE; FOREIGN POLICY; HUMAN RIGHTS;

EID: 29144453195     PISSN: 00208833     EISSN: 14682478     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2478.2005.00382.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (88)

References (80)
  • 2
    • 84861298440 scopus 로고
    • Congressional Research Service CRS web April 28, 2005
    • (AECA) ARMS EXPORT CONTROL ACT. (1976) U.S. Arms Transfers Eligibility Criteria. "Section 2" Congressional Research Service CRS web 〈http://www.fas.org/asmp/campaigns/legislationindex.html〉 April 28, 2005.
    • (1976) U.S. Arms Transfers Eligibility Criteria. "Section 2"
  • 5
    • 0033029326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States human rights policy and foreign assistance
    • APODACA, CLAIR, AND MICHAEL STOHL. (1999) United States Human Rights Policy and Foreign Assistance. International Studies Quarterly 43:185-198.
    • (1999) International Studies Quarterly , vol.43 , pp. 185-198
    • Apodaca, C.1    Stohl, M.2
  • 7
    • 84974183585 scopus 로고
    • What to do (and not to do) with time-series cross section data
    • BECK, NATHANIEL, AND JONATHON N. KATZ. (1995) What to Do (and Not to Do) with Time-Series Cross Section Data. American Political Science Review 89:634-647.
    • (1995) American Political Science Review , vol.89 , pp. 634-647
    • Beck, N.1    Katz, J.N.2
  • 8
    • 0001446212 scopus 로고
    • Impact of human rights on U.S. foreign assistance to latin America
    • BLANTON, SHANNON L. (1994) Impact of Human Rights on U.S. Foreign Assistance to Latin America. International Interactions 19:339-358.
    • (1994) International Interactions , vol.19 , pp. 339-358
    • Blanton, S.L.1
  • 9
    • 0033480175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instruments of security or tools of repression? Arms imports and human rights conditions in developing countries
    • BLANTON, SHANNON L. (1999) Instruments of Security or Tools of Repression? Arms Imports and Human Rights Conditions in Developing Countries. Journal of Peace Research 36: 233-244.
    • (1999) Journal of Peace Research , vol.36 , pp. 233-244
    • Blanton, S.L.1
  • 10
    • 0034341283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting human rights and democracy in the developing world: U.S. rhetoric versus U.S. arms exports
    • BLANTON, SHANNON L. (2000) Promoting Human Rights and Democracy in the Developing World: U.S. Rhetoric Versus U.S. Arms Exports. American Journal of Political Science 44:123-131.
    • (2000) American Journal of Political Science , vol.44 , pp. 123-131
    • Blanton, S.L.1
  • 11
    • 0002296099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconciling U.S. arms sales with America's interests and ideals
    • BLANTON, SHANNON L., AND CHARLES W. KEGLEY JR. (1997a) Reconciling U.S. Arms Sales with America's Interests and Ideals. Futures Research Quarterly 13:85-101.
    • (1997) Futures Research Quarterly , vol.13 , pp. 85-101
    • Blanton, S.L.1    Kegley Jr., C.W.2
  • 12
    • 10344265584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guns and governmental reform: U.S. arms exports and the clinton administration's promotion of democracy abroad
    • BLANTON, SHANNON L., AND CHARLES W. KEGLEY JR. (1997b) Guns and Governmental Reform: U.S. Arms Exports and the Clinton Administration's Promotion of Democracy Abroad. Mediterranean Quarterly 8:33-56.
    • (1997) Mediterranean Quarterly , vol.8 , pp. 33-56
    • Blanton, S.L.1    Kegley Jr., C.W.2
  • 14
    • 84934563960 scopus 로고
    • The foreign policy of human rights: Rhetoric and reality from Jimmy Carter to Ronald Reagan
    • CARLETON, DAVID, AND MICHAEL STOHL. (1985) The Foreign Policy of Human Rights: Rhetoric and Reality from Jimmy Carter to Ronald Reagan. Human Rights Quarterly 7:205-229.
    • (1985) Human Rights Quarterly , vol.7 , pp. 205-229
    • Carleton, D.1    Stohl, M.2
  • 15
    • 0033466668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respect for human rights after the end of the cold war
    • CINGRANELLI, DAVID L., AND DAVID L. RICHARDS. (1999) Respect for Human Rights after the End of the Cold War. Journal of Peace Research 36:511-534.
    • (1999) Journal of Peace Research , vol.36 , pp. 511-534
    • Cingranelli, D.L.1    Richards, D.L.2
  • 16
    • 29144454399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bush seeks power to lift arms curbs; Waiver would allow military assistance to once-shunned nations
    • 24 September
    • DEYOUNG, KAREN. (2001) Bush Seeks Power to Lift Arms Curbs; Waiver Would Allow Military Assistance to Once-Shunned Nations. The Washington Post, 24 September.
    • (2001) The Washington Post
    • Deyoung, K.1
  • 20
    • 29144470196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chile near deal on U.S. war planes; Arms sales would be most significant to continent in two decades
    • 16 November
    • FAIOLA, ANTHONY. (2001) Chile Near Deal on U.S. War Planes; Arms Sales Would Be Most Significant to Continent in Two Decades. The Washington, Post, 16 November.
    • (2001) The Washington, Post
    • Faiola, A.1
  • 21
    • 0000287750 scopus 로고
    • Defense of mutiplicative terms in multiple regression equations
    • FRIEDRICH, ROBERT J. (1982) In Defense of Mutiplicative Terms in Multiple Regression Equations. American Journal of Political Science 26:797-833.
    • (1982) American Journal of Political Science , vol.26 , pp. 797-833
    • Friedrich, R.J.1
  • 23
    • 0001890235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The political terror scale
    • edited by D. L. Cingranelli. Greenwich: JAI
    • GIBNEY, MARK, AND MATTHEW DALTON. (1996) "The Political Terror Scale". In Human Rights and Developing Countries, edited by D. L. Cingranelli. Greenwich: JAI.
    • (1996) Human Rights and Developing Countries
    • Gibney, M.1    Dalton, M.2
  • 24
    • 0001809908 scopus 로고
    • Geography, democracy, and peace
    • GLEDITSCH, NILS P. (1995) Geography, Democracy, and Peace. International Interactions 20:297-323.
    • (1995) International Interactions , vol.20 , pp. 297-323
    • Gleditsch, N.P.1
  • 29
    • 29144465417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congressional Testimony before the Subcommittee on International Operations and Human Rights, House International Relations Committee, March 7
    • HARTUNG, WILLIAM D. (2001) The Role of U.S. Arms Transfers in Human Rights Violations: Rhetoric Versus Reality. Congressional Testimony before the Subcommittee on International Operations and Human Rights, House International Relations Committee, March 7.
    • (2001) The Role of U.S. Arms Transfers in Human Rights Violations: Rhetoric Versus Reality
    • Hartung, W.D.1
  • 31
    • 0000125534 scopus 로고
    • Sample selection bias as a specification error
    • HECKMAN, JAMES J. (1979) Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error. Econometrica 47:153-161.
    • (1979) Econometrica , vol.47 , pp. 153-161
    • Heckman, J.J.1
  • 32
    • 84970304340 scopus 로고
    • Force ratios, arms imports, and foreign aid recipients in the developing nations
    • HESS, PETER N. (1989) Force Ratios, Arms Imports, and Foreign Aid Recipients in the Developing Nations. Journal of Peace Research 26:399-112.
    • (1989) Journal of Peace Research , vol.26 , pp. 399-1112
    • Hess, P.N.1
  • 33
    • 84936823912 scopus 로고
    • Will more countries become democratic?
    • HUNTINGTON, SAMUEL. (1984) Will More Countries Become Democratic? Political Science Quarterly 99:193-218.
    • (1984) Political Science Quarterly , vol.99 , pp. 193-218
    • Huntington, S.1
  • 34
    • 84861293736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consolidated Appropriations Act, 106th Congress, 1st Session, Subtitle F of the Admiral James W. Nance and Meg Donovan Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001, April 28
    • International Arms Sales Code of Conduct Act of 1999, Part of HR 3194, Consolidated Appropriations Act, 106th Congress, 1st Session, Subtitle F of the Admiral James W. Nance and Meg Donovan Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001, 〈http://www.fas.org/asmp/campaigns/code/ intlcodetext.html〉 April 28, 2005.
    • (2005) International Arms Sales Code of Conduct Act of 1999, Part of HR 3194
  • 35
    • 0001909820 scopus 로고
    • The future of world politics: Will it resemble the past?
    • JERVIS, ROBERT. (1991/1992) The Future of World Politics: Will It Resemble The Past? International Security 16:39-73.
    • (1991) International Security , vol.16 , pp. 39-73
    • Jervis, R.1
  • 36
    • 85050710397 scopus 로고
    • The neorealist moment in international studies? Realist myths and new international realities
    • KEGLEY, CHARLES W. JR. (1993) The Neorealist Moment in International Studies? Realist Myths and New International Realities. International Studies Quarterly 37:131-146.
    • (1993) International Studies Quarterly , vol.37 , pp. 131-146
    • Kegley Jr., C.W.1
  • 38
    • 0030503927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How democracies use intervention: A neglected dimension in studies of the democratic peace
    • KEGLEY, CHARLES W. JR., AND MARGARET G. HERMANN. (1996) How Democracies Use Intervention: A Neglected Dimension in Studies of the Democratic Peace. Journal of Peace Research 33: 309-322.
    • (1996) Journal of Peace Research , vol.33 , pp. 309-322
    • Kegley Jr., C.W.1    Hermann, M.G.2
  • 39
    • 84937311573 scopus 로고
    • Conflict in context: Superpower arms transfers and third world rivalry during the cold war
    • KINSELLA, DAVID. (1994) Conflict in Context: Superpower Arms Transfers and Third World Rivalry during the Cold War. American Journal of Political Science 38:557-581.
    • (1994) American Journal of Political Science , vol.38 , pp. 557-581
    • Kinsella, D.1
  • 40
    • 0001572871 scopus 로고
    • Nested rivalries: Superpower competition, arms transfers, and regional conflict, 1950-1990
    • KINSELLA, DAVID. (1995) Nested Rivalries: Superpower Competition, Arms Transfers, and Regional Conflict, 1950-1990. International Interactions 21:109-125.
    • (1995) International Interactions , vol.21 , pp. 109-125
    • Kinsella, D.1
  • 41
    • 0032346777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arms transfer dependence and foreign policy conflict
    • KINSELLA, DAVID. (1998) Arms Transfer Dependence and Foreign Policy Conflict. Journal of Peace Research 35:7-23.
    • (1998) Journal of Peace Research , vol.35 , pp. 7-23
    • Kinsella, D.1
  • 42
    • 84970382144 scopus 로고
    • Arms and aggression in the middle east: Overt military interventions, 1948-1991
    • KINSELLA, DAVID, AND HERBERT K. TILLEMA. (1995) Arms and Aggression in the Middle East: Overt Military Interventions, 1948-1991. Journal of Conflict Resolution 39:306-329.
    • (1995) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.39 , pp. 306-329
    • Kinsella, D.1    Tillema, H.K.2
  • 43
    • 5944253918 scopus 로고
    • Awash in armaments: Implications of the trade in light weapons
    • KLARE, MICHAEL T. (1994/1995) Awash in Armaments: Implications of the Trade in Light Weapons. Harvard International Review 17:24-26; 75-76.
    • (1994) Harvard International Review , vol.17 , pp. 24-26
    • Klare, M.T.1
  • 44
    • 29144446538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. to sell jets to indonesia, transfer proceeds to Pakistan
    • 5 June
    • LIPMANN, THOMAS W. (1996) U.S. to Sell Jets to Indonesia, Transfer Proceeds to Pakistan. The Washington Post, 5 June.
    • (1996) The Washington Post
    • Lipmann, T.W.1
  • 48
    • 29144516133 scopus 로고
    • License to deal: How uncle sam helps weapons merchants arm the world
    • LUTTERBACK, DEBORAH. (1994) License to Deal: How Uncle Sam Helps Weapons Merchants Arm the World. Common Cause Magazine 20:19.
    • (1994) Common Cause Magazine , vol.20 , pp. 19
    • Lutterback, D.1
  • 49
    • 33746328420 scopus 로고
    • Normative and structural causes of democratic peace, 1946-1986
    • MAOZ, ZEEV, AND BRUCE RUSETT. (1993) Normative and Structural Causes of Democratic Peace, 1946-1986. American Political Science Review 87:624-638.
    • (1993) American Political Science Review , vol.87 , pp. 624-638
    • Maoz, Z.1    Rusett, B.2
  • 52
    • 0031993527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing models of U.S. foreign policy: Foreign aid during and after the cold war
    • MEERNIK, JAMES, ERIC L. KRUEGER, AND STEVEN C. POE. (1998) Testing Models of U.S. Foreign Policy: Foreign Aid During and After the Cold War. The Journal of Politics 60:63-85.
    • (1998) The Journal of Politics , vol.60 , pp. 63-85
    • Meernik, J.1    Krueger, E.L.2    Poe, S.C.3
  • 53
    • 0009337267 scopus 로고
    • Arms imports as an action-reaction process: An empirical test of six pairs of developing nations
    • MINTZ, ALEX. (1986) Arms Imports as an Action-Reaction Process: An Empirical Test of Six Pairs of Developing Nations. International Interactions 12:229-243.
    • (1986) International Interactions , vol.12 , pp. 229-243
    • Mintz, A.1
  • 54
    • 0030538590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The liberal peace: Interdependence, democracy, and international conflict, 1950-85
    • ONEAI, JOHN R., FRANCES H. ONEAL, ZEEV MAOZ, AND BRUCE RUSSETT. (1996) The Liberal Peace: Interdependence, Democracy, and International Conflict, 1950-85. Journal of Peace Research 33:11-28.
    • (1996) Journal of Peace Research , vol.33 , pp. 11-28
    • Oneai, J.R.1    Oneal, F.H.2    Maoz, Z.3    Russett, B.4
  • 56
    • 84928843518 scopus 로고
    • The priorities of arms importing states reviewed
    • PEARSON, FREDERIC. (1988) The Priorities of Arms Importing States Reviewed. Arms Control 9: 170-185.
    • (1988) Arms Control , vol.9 , pp. 170-185
    • Pearson, F.1
  • 57
    • 84970314315 scopus 로고
    • The correlates of arms importation
    • PEARSON, FREDERIC. (1989) The Correlates of Arms Importation. Journal of Peace Research 26:153-163.
    • (1989) Journal of Peace Research , vol.26 , pp. 153-163
    • Pearson, F.1
  • 58
    • 84974252567 scopus 로고
    • Repression of human rights to personal integrity in the 1980s: A global analysis
    • POE, STEVEN C., AND C. NEAL TATE. (1994) Repression of Human Rights to Personal Integrity in the 1980s: A Global Analysis. American Political Science Review 88:853-872.
    • (1994) American Political Science Review , vol.88 , pp. 853-872
    • Poe, S.C.1    Tate, C.N.2
  • 59
    • 84970382066 scopus 로고
    • US military aid in the 1980s: A global analysis
    • POE, STEVEN C., AND JAMES MEERNIK. (1995) US Military Aid in the 1980s: A Global Analysis. Journal of Peace Research 32:399-411.
    • (1995) Journal of Peace Research , vol.32 , pp. 399-411
    • Poe, S.C.1    Meernik, J.2
  • 60
    • 0032812680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repression of the human right to personal integrity revisited: A global cross-national study covering the years 1976-1993
    • POE, SFEVEN C., C. NEAL TATE, AND LINDA C. KEITH. (1999) Repression of the Human Right to Personal Integrity Revisited: A Global Cross-National Study Covering the Years 1976-1993. International Studies Quarterly 43:291-313.
    • (1999) International Studies Quarterly , vol.43 , pp. 291-313
    • Poe, S.C.1    Tate, C.N.2    Keith, L.C.3
  • 61
    • 0034849852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How are these pictures different? A quantitative comparison of the US state department and amnesty international human rights reports, 1976-1995
    • POE, STEVEN C., SABINE C. CAREY, AND TANYA C. VAZQUEZ. (2001) How Are These Pictures Different? A Quantitative Comparison of the US State Department and Amnesty International Human Rights Reports, 1976-1995. Human Rights Quarterly 23:650-677.
    • (2001) Human Rights Quarterly , vol.23 , pp. 650-677
    • Poe, S.C.1    Carey, S.C.2    Vazquez, T.C.3
  • 63
    • 0034341251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unified statistical model of conflict onset and escalation
    • REED, WILLIAM. (2000) A Unified Statistical Model of Conflict Onset and Escalation. American Journal of Political Science 44:84-93.
    • (2000) American Journal of Political Science , vol.44 , pp. 84-93
    • Reed, W.1
  • 64
    • 0033384097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting stability or instability? Arms transfers and regional rivalries, 1950-1991
    • SANJIAN, GREGORY S. (1999) Promoting Stability or Instability? Arms Transfers and Regional Rivalries, 1950-1991. International Studies Quarterly 43:641-670.
    • (1999) International Studies Quarterly , vol.43 , pp. 641-670
    • Sanjian, G.S.1
  • 65
    • 84965527461 scopus 로고
    • Arms as influence: The determinants of successful influence
    • SISLIN, JOHN. (1994) Arms as Influence: The Determinants of Successful Influence. Journal of Conflict Resolution 38:665-689.
    • (1994) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.38 , pp. 665-689
    • Sislin, J.1
  • 66
    • 84861300012 scopus 로고
    • Arms sales "Conduct Code" opposed: State dept. says proposal could impinge on policy and friendly nations
    • 24 May
    • SMITH, R. JEFFREY. (1995) Arms Sales "Conduct Code" Opposed: State Dept. Says Proposal Could Impinge on Policy and Friendly Nations. The Washington Post, 24 May.
    • (1995) The Washington Post
    • Jeffrey, S.R.1
  • 68
    • 29144496782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • College Station: Stata Corporation
    • STATA, CORP (2003) Stata Release 8.0., Vol. 2. College Station: Stata Corporation.
    • (2003) Stata Release 8.0. , vol.2
    • Stata, C.1
  • 69
    • 0003633175 scopus 로고
    • London: Paul Elek Limited
    • (SIPRI) STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE. (1971) The Arms Trade with the Third World. London: Paul Elek Limited.
    • (1971) The Arms Trade with the Third World
  • 71
    • 29144446537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Codes of conduct on arms transfers - The movement toward a multilateral approach
    • STOEL, JONATHON T. (2000) Codes of Conduct on Arms Transfers - The Movement Toward a Multilateral Approach. Law and Policy in International Business 31:1285.
    • (2000) Law and Policy in International Business , vol.31 , pp. 1285
    • Stoel, J.T.1
  • 72
    • 0032220638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, behavior, and voter turnout in the United States
    • TIMPONE, RICHARD J. (1998) Structure, Behavior, and Voter Turnout in the United States. American Political Science Review 92:145-158.
    • (1998) American Political Science Review , vol.92 , pp. 145-158
    • Timpone, R.J.1
  • 75
    • 0001703017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating models with sample selection bias
    • VELIA, FRANCIS. (1998) Estimating Models with Sample Selection Bias. Journal of Human Resources 33:127-164.
    • (1998) Journal of Human Resources , vol.33 , pp. 127-164
    • Velia, F.1
  • 77
    • 0041035949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sanctions as a foreign policy tool: Weighing humanitarian impulses
    • WEISS, THOMAS G. (1999) Sanctions as a Foreign Policy Tool: Weighing Humanitarian Impulses. Journal of Peace Research 36:499-509.
    • (1999) Journal of Peace Research , vol.36 , pp. 499-509
    • Weiss, T.G.1
  • 78
    • 0001991650 scopus 로고
    • Exporting repression
    • WHEAT, ANDREW. (1995) Exporting Repression. Multinational Monitor 16:16.
    • (1995) Multinational Monitor , vol.16 , pp. 16
    • Wheat, A.1
  • 79
    • 29144477965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The U.S. and Europe Must stop arming the world's dictators. san
    • 13 July
    • WILLIAMS, BETTY. (1997) The U.S. and Europe Must Stop Arming the World's Dictators. San Francisco Examiner, 13 July.
    • (1997) Francisco Examiner
    • Williams, B.1
  • 80
    • 0003675348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • April 28, 2005
    • THE WORLD BANK GROUP. (2003) World Development Indicators Online. Available at: 〈http://publications.worldbank.org/WDI/〉 April 28, 2005.
    • (2003) World Development Indicators Online


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.