Convection, cloud-radiative feedbacks and thermodynamic ocean coupling in simple models of the walker circulation

Geophysical Monograph Series

Volumn 147, Issue , 2004, Pages 393-405

  Sobel, Adam H ^a   Bretherton, Christopher S ^b   Gildor, Hezi ^c   Peters, Matthew E ^b  

^a Columbia University ^*  (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 28244496238     PISSN: 00658448     EISSN: 23288779     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/147GM22     Document Type: Chapter

References (27)

1. Betts, A. K., A new convective adjustment scheme. 1. observational and theoretical basis, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 112, 677-691, 1986.
2. Bretherton, C. S., and A. H. Sobel, A simple model of a convec-tively-coupled Walker circulation using the weak temperature gradient approximation, J. Clim., 15, 2907-2920, 2002.
3. Bretherton, C. S., M. E. Peters, and L. Back, Relationships between water vapor path and precipitation over the tropical oceans, J. Clim., 17, 1517-1528, 2004.
4. Emanuel, K. A., J. D. Neelin, and C. S. Bretherton, On large-scale circulations in convecting atmospheres, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 1111-1143, 1994.
5. Gent, P. R., The heat budget of the TOGA COARE domain in an ocean model, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 3323-3330, 1991.
6. Harrison, E. F., P. Minnis, B. R. Barkstrom, V Ramanathan, R. D. Cess, and G. G. Gibson, Seasonal-variation of cloud radiative forcing derived from the earth radiation budget experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18, 687-18, 703, 1990.
7. Hartmann, D. L., L. A. Moy, and Q. Fu, Tropical convection and the energy balance at the top of the atmosphere, J. Clim., 14, 4495-4511, 2001.
8. Kiehl, J., On the observed near cancellation between longwave and shortwave cloud forcing in tropical regions, J. Clim., 7, 559-565, 1994.
9. Maloney, E. D., and A. H. Sobel, Surface fluxes and ocean coupling in the tropical intraseasonal oscillation, J. Clim., in press, 2004.
10. Neelin, J., Implications of convective quasi-equilibrium for the large-scale flow, in The physics and parameterization of moist atmospheric convection, 413-446, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1997.
11. Neelin, J. D., and I. M. Held, Modeling tropical convergence based on the moist static energy budget, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 3-12, 1987.
12. Neelin, J. D., and N. Zeng, A quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model: Formulation, J. Atmos. Sei., 57, 1741-1766, 2000.
13. Peters, M. E. and C. S. Bretherton, An idealized Walker circulation coupled to an ocean mixed layer. J. Clim., in preparation, 2004.
14. Ramanathan, V, R. D. Cess, E. F. Harrison, P. Minnis, B. R. Barkstrom, E. Ahmad, and D. Hartmann, Cloud-radiative forcing and climate: results from the earth radiation budget experiment, Science, 243, 57-63, 1989.
15. Seager, R., S. E. Zebiak, and M. A. Cane, A model of the tropical Pacific sea-surface temperature climatology, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1265-1280, 1988.
16. Seager, R., R. Murtugudde, A. Clement, and C. Herweijer, Why is there an evaporation minimum at the equator?, J. Clim., 16, 3793-3802, 2003.
17. Shaevitz, D. A., and A. H. Sobel, Implementing the weak temperature gradient approximation with full vertical structure, Mon. Weather Rev., 132, 662-669, 2004.
18. Sobel, A. H., On the coexistence of an evaporation minimum and precipitation maximum over the warm pool, J. Clim., 16, 1003-1009, 2003.
19. Sobel, A. H., and C. S. Bretherton, Modeling tropical precipitation in a single column, J. Clim., 13, 4378-4392, 2000.
20. Sobel, A., and H. Gildor, A simple time-dependent model of SST hot spots, J. Clim., 16, 3978-3992, 2003.
21. Sobel, A. H., J. Nilsson, and L. M. Polvani, The weak temperature gradient approximation and balanced tropical moisture waves, J. Atmos. Sei., 58, 3650-3665, 2001.
22. Su, H., and J. D. Neelin, Teleconnection mechanisms for tropical Pacific descent anomalies during El Nino, J. Atmos. Sei., 59, 2694-2712, 2002.
23. Su, H., J. D. Neelin, and J. E. Meyerson, Tropical tropospheric temperature and precipitation response to sea surface temperature forcing, this volume.
24. Waliser, D. E., Formation and limiting mechanisms for very high sea surface temperature: Linking the dynamics and the thermodynamics, J. Clim., 9, 161-188, 1996.
25. Watterson, I. G., The sensitivity of subannual and intraseasonal tropical variability to model ocean mixed layer depth, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4020, doi:10.1029/2001JD000.671, 2002.
26. Yu, J.-Y., J. D. Neelin, and C. Chou, Estimating the gross moist stability of the tropical atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sei., 55, 1354-1372, 1998.
27. Zeng, N., J. D. Neelin, and C. Chou, A quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model: Implementation and simulation, J. Atmos. Sei., 57, 1767-1796, 2000.