Estimating the gross moist stability of the tropical atmosphere

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 55, Issue 8, 1998, Pages 1354-1372

  Yu, Jia Yuh ^a   Chou, Chia ^b   Neelin, J David ^b,c  

^a CHINESE CULTURE UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; CLIMATOLOGY; HEAT CONVECTION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); TROPICS;

ATMOSPHERIC GROSS MOIST STABILITY; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST);

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY;

ATMOSPHERE; CIRCULATION; DEEP CONVECTION; MOISTURE; TROPICS;

EID: 0032053270     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<1354:ETGMSO>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Bengtsson, L., M. Kanamitsu, P. Kållberg, and S. Uppala, 1982: FGGE 4-dimensional data assimilation at ECMWF. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 63, 29-43.
2. Betts, A. K., 1986: A new convective adjustment scheme. Part I: Observational and theoretical basis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 677-691.
3. _, and M. J. Miller, 1986: A new convective adjustment scheme. Part II: Single column tests using GATE wave, BOMEX, ATEX and arctic air-mass data sets. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 693-709.
4. Fu, R., A. D. DelGenio, and W. B. Rossow, 1990: Behavior of deep convection clouds in the tropical Pacific deduced from ISCCP radiances. J. Climate, 3, 1129-1152.
5. _, _, and _, 1994: Influence of ocean surface conditions on atmospheric vertical thermodynamic structure and deep convection. J. Climate, 7, 1092-1108.
6. Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462.
7. Gutzler, D. S., and T. M. Wood, 1990: Structure of large-scale convective anomalies over tropical oceans. J. Climate, 3, 483-496.
8. Hess, P. G., D. S. Battisti, and P. J. Rasch, 1993: The maintenance of the intertropical convergence zones and the large-scale tropical circulation on a water-covered earth. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 691-713.
9. Jordan, C. L., 1958: Mean sounding for the West Indies area. J. Meteor., 15, 91-97.
10. Kleeman, R., 1991 : A simple model of the atmospheric response to ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 3-18.
11. Lambert, S. J., 1988: A comparison of operational global analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the National Meteorological Center (NMC). Tellus, 40A, 272-284.
12. Lau, K.-M., and L. Peng, 1987: Origin of low-frequency (intraseasonal) oscillations in the tropical atmosphere. Part I: Basic theory. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 950-972.
13. _, and S. Shen, 1988: On the dynamics of intraseasonal oscillation and ENSO. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1781-1797.
14. Lindzen, R. S., and S. Nigam, 1987: On the role of sea surface temperature gradients in forcing low-level winds and convergence in the tropics. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2418-2436.
15. McPherson, R. D., K. H. Bergmam, R. E. Kistler, G. E. Rasch, and D. S. Gordon, 1979: The NMC operational global data assimilation system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1445-1461.
16. Neelin, J. D., 1997: Implications of convective quasi-equilbrium for the large-scale flow. The Physics and Parameterization of Moist Atmospheric Convection, R. K. Smith, Ed., Kluwer Academic, 413-446.
17. Neelin, J. D., and I. M. Held, 1987: Modeling tropical convergence based on the moist static energy budget. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3-12.
18. _, and J.-Y. Yu, 1994: Modes of tropical variability under convective adjustment and the Madden-Julian oscillation. Part I: Analytical theory. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1876-1894.
19. _, I. M. Held, and K. H. Cook, 1987: Evaporation-wind feedback and low-frequency variability in the tropical atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2341-2348.
20. Rasmusson, E. M., and T. H. Carpenter, 1982: Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/El Niño, Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 354-384.
21. Swinbank, R., T. N. Palmer, and M. K. Davey, 1988: Numerical simulations of the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 774-788.
22. Trenberth, K. E., and J. G. Olson, 1988: An evaluation and intercomparison of global analyses from the National Meteorological Center and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 69, 1047-1057.
23. Waliser, D. E., N. E. Graham, and C. Gautier, 1993: Comparison of highly reflective cloud and outgoing longwave radiation datasets for use in estimating tropical deep convection. J. Climate, 6, 331-352.
24. Weare, B. C., 1986: A simple model of the tropical atmosphere with circulation dependent heating and specific humidity. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2001-2016.
25. Webster, O. J., 1981: Mechanisms determining the atmospheric response to sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 554-571.
26. Yu, J.-Y., and J. D. Neelin, 1994: Modes of tropical variability under convective adjustment and the Madden-Julian oscillation. Part II: Numerical results. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1895-1914.
27. _, and _, 1997: Analytic approximations for moist convectively adjusted regions. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1054-1063.
28. Zebiak, S. E., 1982: A simple atmospheric model of relevance to El Niño. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2017-2027.
29. _, 1986: Atmospheric convergence feedback in a simple model for El Niño. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1263-1271.
30. Zhang, C., 1993: Large-scale variability of atmospheric deep convection in relation to sea surface temperature in the tropics. J. Climate, 6, 1898-1913.