메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 8-9, 2005, Pages 691-702

Mode of action: Oxalate crystal-induced renal tubule degeneration and glycolic acid-induced dysmorphogenesis - Renal and developmental effects of ethylene glycol

Author keywords

Developmental Toxicity; Glycolate; Human Relevance; Oxalate; Renal Toxicity

Indexed keywords

ETHYLENE GLYCOL; GLYCOLIC ACID; OXALIC ACID;

EID: 28144454210     PISSN: 10408444     EISSN: 15476898     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10408440591007322     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (100)
  • 1
    • 0025190592 scopus 로고
    • Facial-auditory nerve oxalosis
    • Anderson, B. (1990). Facial-auditory nerve oxalosis (letter). Am. J. Med. 88:87-88.
    • (1990) Am. J. Med. , vol.88 , pp. 87-88
    • Anderson, B.1
  • 2
    • 0345151833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Academy of Clinical Toxicology Practice Guidelines on the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning
    • Ad Hoc Committee
    • Barceloux, D.G., Krenzelok, E.P., Olson, K., and Watson, W. (1999). American Academy of Clinical Toxicology Practice Guidelines on the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning. Ad Hoc Committee. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 37:537-560.
    • (1999) J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. , vol.37 , pp. 537-560
    • Barceloux, D.G.1    Krenzelok, E.P.2    Olson, K.3    Watson, W.4
  • 3
    • 0023036315 scopus 로고
    • 4-Methylpyrazole may be an alternative to ethanol therapy for ethylene glycol intoxication in man
    • Baud, F.J., Bismuth, C., Garnier, R., Galliot, M., Astier, A., Maistre, G., and Soffer, M. (1987). 4-Methylpyrazole may be an alternative to ethanol therapy for ethylene glycol intoxication in man. Clin. Toxicol. 24:463-453.
    • (1987) Clin. Toxicol. , vol.24 , pp. 463-1453
    • Baud, F.J.1    Bismuth, C.2    Garnier, R.3    Galliot, M.4    Astier, A.5    Maistre, G.6    Soffer, M.7
  • 5
    • 0027033788 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural signs of myocardial damage due to acute experimental intoxication with ethylene glycol
    • Bielnik, K., and Szram, S. (1992). Ultrastructural signs of myocardial damage due to acute experimental intoxication with ethylene glycol. Pat. Pol. 43(4):157-159.
    • (1992) Pat. Pol. , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 157-159
    • Bielnik, K.1    Szram, S.2
  • 6
    • 0013794618 scopus 로고
    • Chronic toxicity of ethylene glycol in the rat
    • Blood, F.R. (1965). Chronic toxicity of ethylene glycol in the rat. Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 3:229-234.
    • (1965) Food Cosmet. Toxicol. , vol.3 , pp. 229-234
    • Blood, F.R.1
  • 8
    • 0021879262 scopus 로고
    • Fractional oxalate clearance in subjects with normal and impaired renal function
    • Boer, P., Prenen, J.A.C., Koomans, H.A., and Dorhout Mees, E.J. (1985). Fractional oxalate clearance in subjects with normal and impaired renal function. Nephron 41:78-81.
    • (1985) Nephron , vol.41 , pp. 78-81
    • Boer, P.1    Prenen, J.A.C.2    Koomans, H.A.3    Dorhout Mees, E.J.4
  • 9
    • 0442282107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the metabolism of ethylene glycol and glycolic acid in vitro by precision-cut tissue slices from female rat, rabbit and human liver
    • Booth, E.D., Dofferhoff, O., Boogaard, P.J., and Watson, W.P. (2004). Comparison of the metabolism of ethylene glycol and glycolic acid in vitro by precision-cut tissue slices from female rat, rabbit and human liver. Xenobiotica 34:31-48.
    • (2004) Xenobiotica , vol.34 , pp. 31-48
    • Booth, E.D.1    Dofferhoff, O.2    Boogaard, P.J.3    Watson, W.P.4
  • 10
    • 0017951876 scopus 로고
    • Two fatal cases of ethylene glycol poisoning
    • Bowen, D.A.L., Minty, P.S.B., and Sengupta, A. (1978). Two fatal cases of ethylene glycol poisoning. Med. Sci. Law 18:102-107.
    • (1978) Med. Sci. Law , vol.18 , pp. 102-107
    • Bowen, D.A.L.1    Minty, P.S.B.2    Sengupta, A.3
  • 12
    • 5744232161 scopus 로고
    • Solubilities of calcium salts of dicarboxylic acids in methanol-water mixtures; Transfer chemical potentials of dicarboxylate anions
    • Burgess, J., and Drasdo, D.N. (1993). Solubilities of calcium salts of dicarboxylic acids in methanol-water mixtures; Transfer chemical potentials of dicarboxylate anions. Polyhedron 12:2905-2911.
    • (1993) Polyhedron , vol.12 , pp. 2905-2911
    • Burgess, J.1    Drasdo, D.N.2
  • 13
    • 0019768953 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol poisoning: Diagnosis based on high osmolal and anion gaps and crystalluria
    • Cadnapaphornchai, P., Taher, S., Bhathena, D., and McDonald, F.D. (1981). Ethylene glycol poisoning: Diagnosis based on high osmolal and anion gaps and crystalluria. Ann. Emerg. Med. 10:94-97.
    • (1981) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.10 , pp. 94-97
    • Cadnapaphornchai, P.1    Taher, S.2    Bhathena, D.3    McDonald, F.D.4
  • 14
    • 0028387675 scopus 로고
    • An integrated perspective on the developmental toxicity of ethylene glycol
    • Carney, E.W. (1994). An integrated perspective on the developmental toxicity of ethylene glycol. Reprod. Toxicol. 8:99-113.
    • (1994) Reprod. Toxicol. , vol.8 , pp. 99-113
    • Carney, E.W.1
  • 15
    • 0029864856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of proximate toxicant for ethylene glycol developmental toxicity using rat whole embryo culture
    • Carney, E.W., A.B. Liberacki, M.J. Bartels, and Breslin, W.J. (1996). Identification of proximate toxicant for ethylene glycol developmental toxicity using rat whole embryo culture. Teratology 53:8-46.
    • (1996) Teratology , vol.53 , pp. 8-46
    • Carney, E.W.1    Liberacki, A.B.2    Bartels, M.J.3    Breslin, W.J.4
  • 16
    • 0000707162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ethylene glycol in pregnant rats and rabbits
    • Carney, E.W., Pottenger, L.H., Bartels, M.J., Jackh, R., and Quast, J.F. (1998). Comparative pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ethylene glycol in pregnant rats and rabbits. Toxicol. Lett. 95(suppl. 1):P4C27.
    • (1998) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.95 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Carney, E.W.1    Pottenger, L.H.2    Bartels, M.J.3    Jackh, R.4    Quast, J.F.5
  • 17
    • 0032764720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol developmental toxicity: Unraveling the roles of glycolic acid and metabolic acidosis
    • Carney, E.W., Freshour, N.L., Dittenber, D.L., and Dryzga, M.D. (1999). Ethylene glycol developmental toxicity: Unraveling the roles of glycolic acid and metabolic acidosis. Toxicol. Sci. 50:117-126.
    • (1999) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.50 , pp. 117-126
    • Carney, E.W.1    Freshour, N.L.2    Dittenber, D.L.3    Dryzga, M.D.4
  • 18
    • 9944240064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-rate is a critical determinant of ethylene glycol developmental toxicity in rats
    • Carney, E.W., Liberacki, A.B., Tornesi, B., and Markham, D.A. (2001). Dose-rate is a critical determinant of ethylene glycol developmental toxicity in rats. Teratology 63:263.
    • (2001) Teratology , vol.63 , pp. 263
    • Carney, E.W.1    Liberacki, A.B.2    Tornesi, B.3    Markham, D.A.4
  • 19
    • 9944242034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol kinetics in pregnant rats: Differences between slow and fast dose-rate exposures
    • abstr. 676
    • Carney, E.W., Liberacki, A.B., Tornesi, B., Weitz, K.K., Luders, T.L., and Corley, R.A. (2002). Ethylene glycol kinetics in pregnant rats: differences between slow and fast dose-rate exposures. Toxicologist 66(suppl. 1):139 (abstr. 676).
    • (2002) Toxicologist , vol.66 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 139
    • Carney, E.W.1    Liberacki, A.B.2    Tornesi, B.3    Weitz, K.K.4    Luders, T.L.5    Corley, R.A.6
  • 20
    • 13444259977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms regulating toxicant disposition to the embryo during early pregnancy: An interspecies comparison
    • Carney, E.W., Scialli, A.R., Watson, R.E., and DeSesso, J. M. (2004). Mechanisms regulating toxicant disposition to the embryo during early pregnancy: an interspecies comparison. Birth Defects Res. (Part C) 72:345-360.
    • (2004) Birth Defects Res. (Part C) , vol.72 , pp. 345-360
    • Carney, E.W.1    Scialli, A.R.2    Watson, R.E.3    DeSesso, J.M.4
  • 21
    • 1842387001 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of the renal excretion of oxalate in the dog
    • Cattell, W.R., Spencer, A.G., Taylor, G.W., and Watts, R.W.E. (1962). The mechanism of the renal excretion of oxalate in the dog. Clin. Sci. 22:43-51.
    • (1962) Clin. Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 43-51
    • Cattell, W.R.1    Spencer, A.G.2    Taylor, G.W.3    Watts, R.W.E.4
  • 23
    • 0029067957 scopus 로고
    • Treatement of severe ethylene glycol intoxication with continuous arterio-venous hemofiltration dialysis
    • Christansson, L.K., Kaspersson, K.E., Kulling, P.E.J., and Ovrebo, S. (1995). Treatement of severe ethylene glycol intoxication with continuous arterio-venous hemofiltration dialysis. Clin. Toxicol. 33:267-270.
    • (1995) Clin. Toxicol. , vol.33 , pp. 267-270
    • Christansson, L.K.1    Kaspersson, K.E.2    Kulling, P.E.J.3    Ovrebo, S.4
  • 24
    • 0014790639 scopus 로고
    • Animal inhalation studies on ammonia, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, dimethylamine, and ethanol
    • Coon, R.A., Jones, R.A., Jenkins, L.J., Jr., and Siegel, J. (1970). Animal inhalation studies on ammonia, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, dimethylamine, and ethanol. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 16:646-655.
    • (1970) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.16 , pp. 646-655
    • Coon, R.A.1    Jones, R.A.2    Jenkins Jr., L.J.3    Siegel, J.4
  • 25
    • 0026948511 scopus 로고
    • Extrarenal clearance of oxalate increases with progression of renal failure in the rat
    • Costello, J.F., Smith, M., Stolarski, C., and Sadovnic, M.J. (1992). Extrarenal clearance of oxalate increases with progression of renal failure in the rat. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 3:1098-1104.
    • (1992) J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. , vol.3 , pp. 1098-1104
    • Costello, J.F.1    Smith, M.2    Stolarski, C.3    Sadovnic, M.J.4
  • 26
    • 5744250218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol in male Wistar and F344 rats is related to metabolism and clearance of metabolites
    • Cruzan, G., Corley, R.A., Hard, G.C., Mertens, J.W.M., McMartin, K.E., Snellings, W.B., Gingell, R., and Deyo, J.A. (2004). Subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol in male Wistar and F344 rats is related to metabolism and clearance of metabolites. Toxicol. Sci. 81:502-511.
    • (2004) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.81 , pp. 502-511
    • Cruzan, G.1    Corley, R.A.2    Hard, G.C.3    Mertens, J.W.M.4    McMartin, K.E.5    Snellings, W.B.6    Gingell, R.7    Deyo, J.A.8
  • 28
    • 0002426889 scopus 로고
    • Enzymology and molecular genetics of primary hyperoxaluria type 1. Consequences for clinical management
    • ed. S.R. Khan, New York: CRC Press
    • Danpure, C., and Rumsby, G. (1995). Enzymology and molecular genetics of primary hyperoxaluria type 1. Consequences for clinical management. In: Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems, ed. S.R. Khan, pp. 189-205. New York: CRC Press.
    • (1995) Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems , pp. 189-205
    • Danpure, C.1    Rumsby, G.2
  • 29
    • 0013537745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lumbar ribs associated with posteriorization of Hox a10 expression in salicylate-treated mouse embryos
    • Daston, G.P., and Overmann, G.J. (1996). Lumbar ribs associated with posteriorization of Hox a10 expression in salicylate-treated mouse embryos. Teratology 53:85.
    • (1996) Teratology , vol.53 , pp. 85
    • Daston, G.P.1    Overmann, G.J.2
  • 31
    • 0023300610 scopus 로고
    • Carcinogenic activity of ethylene oxide and its reaction products 2-chloroethanol, 2bromoethanol, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol. III. Testing of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol for carcinogenicity
    • Dunkelberg, H. (1987). Carcinogenic activity of ethylene oxide and its reaction products 2-chloroethanol, 2bromoethanol, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol. III. Testing of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol for carcinogenicity. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Hyg. B. 183:358-365.
    • (1987) Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Hyg. B. , vol.183 , pp. 358-365
    • Dunkelberg, H.1
  • 34
    • 0029788603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. I. Plasma disposition after single intravenous, peroral, or percutaneous doses in female Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice
    • Frantz, S.W., Beskitt, J.L., Grosse, C.M., Tallant, M.J., Dietz, F.K., and Ballantyne, B. (1996a). Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. I. Plasma disposition after single intravenous, peroral, or percutaneous doses in female Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice. Drug Metab. Dispos. 24:911-921.
    • (1996) Drug Metab. Dispos. , vol.24 , pp. 911-921
    • Frantz, S.W.1    Beskitt, J.L.2    Grosse, C.M.3    Tallant, M.J.4    Dietz, F.K.5    Ballantyne, B.6
  • 35
    • 0029861843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. II. Tissue distribution, dose-dependent elimination, and identification of urinary metabolites following single intravenous, peroral or percutaneous doses in the female Sprague-Dawley rat and CD-1 mouse
    • Frantz, S.W., Beskitt, J.L., Grosse, C.M., Tallant, M.J., Dietz, F.K., and Ballantyne, B. (1996b). Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. II. Tissue distribution, dose-dependent elimination, and identification of urinary metabolites following single intravenous, peroral or percutaneous doses in the female Sprague-Dawley rat and CD-1 mouse. Xenobiotica 26:1195-1220.
    • (1996) Xenobiotica , vol.26 , pp. 1195-1220
    • Frantz, S.W.1    Beskitt, J.L.2    Grosse, C.M.3    Tallant, M.J.4    Dietz, F.K.5    Ballantyne, B.6
  • 36
    • 0030014685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. III. Plasma disposition and metabolic fate after single increasing intravenous, peroral or percutaneous doses in male Sprague-Dawley rats
    • Frantz, S.W., Beskitt, J.L., Grosse, C.M., Tallant, M.J., Zourelias, L.A., and Ballantyne, B. (1996c). Pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol. III. Plasma disposition and metabolic fate after single increasing intravenous, peroral or percutaneous doses in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Xenobiotica 26:515-539.
    • (1996) Xenobiotica , vol.26 , pp. 515-539
    • Frantz, S.W.1    Beskitt, J.L.2    Grosse, C.M.3    Tallant, M.J.4    Zourelias, L.A.5    Ballantyne, B.6
  • 40
    • 0019997688 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol poisoning
    • Gordon, H.L., and Hunter, J.M. (1982). Ethylene glycol poisoning. Anesthesiology 37:332-338.
    • (1982) Anesthesiology , vol.37 , pp. 332-338
    • Gordon, H.L.1    Hunter, J.M.2
  • 41
    • 5744224419 scopus 로고
    • Renal transport of oxalate
    • eds. R. Greger, F. Lang, and S. Silbernagel, Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Greger, R. (1981). Renal transport of oxalate. In: Renal Transport of Organic Substanceeds, eds. R. Greger, F. Lang, and S. Silbernagel, pp. 224-233. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1981) Renal Transport of Organic Substanceeds , pp. 224-233
    • Greger, R.1
  • 42
    • 0003227016 scopus 로고
    • Urate and calcium oxalate stones: A new look at an old controversy
    • ed. S.R., Kahn, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press
    • Grover, P.K., and Ryall, R.L. (1995). Urate and calcium oxalate stones: A new look at an old controversy. In: Calcium oxalate in Biological Systems, ed. S.R., Kahn, pp. 305-321. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • (1995) Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems , pp. 305-321
    • Grover, P.K.1    Ryall, R.L.2
  • 43
    • 13444311654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cytotoxicity of oxalate, metabolite of ethylene glycol, is due to calcium oxalate monohydrate formation
    • Guo, C., and McMartin, K.E. (2005). The cytotoxicity of oxalate, metabolite of ethylene glycol, is due to calcium oxalate monohydrate formation. Toxicology 208(3):347-355.
    • (2005) Toxicology , vol.208 , Issue.3 , pp. 347-355
    • Guo, C.1    McMartin, K.E.2
  • 44
    • 18144409319 scopus 로고
    • Comparative chronic toxicity of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Carbitol) and some related glycols: Results of continued drinking and feeding
    • Hanzlik, P.H., Lawrence, W.S., and Laquer, G.L. (1947). Comparative chronic toxicity of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Carbitol) and some related glycols: Results of continued drinking and feeding. J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. 29:233-241.
    • (1947) J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. , vol.29 , pp. 233-241
    • Hanzlik, P.H.1    Lawrence, W.S.2    Laquer, G.L.3
  • 46
    • 0019056365 scopus 로고
    • Glycolate in the diet and its conversion to urinary oxalate in the rat
    • Harris, K.S., and Richardson, K.E. (1980). Glycolate in the diet and its conversion to urinary oxalate in the rat. Invest. Urol. 18:106-109.
    • (1980) Invest. Urol. , vol.18 , pp. 106-109
    • Harris, K.S.1    Richardson, K.E.2
  • 47
    • 0028090771 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of 4-methylpyrazole in ethylene glycol poisoning: Clinical and toxicokinetic aspects
    • Harry, P., Turcant, A., Bouachour, G., Houze, P., Alquier, P., and Allain, P. (1994). Efficacy of 4-methylpyrazole in ethylene glycol poisoning: Clinical and toxicokinetic aspects. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 13:61-64.
    • (1994) Hum. Exp. Toxicol. , vol.13 , pp. 61-64
    • Harry, P.1    Turcant, A.2    Bouachour, G.3    Houze, P.4    Alquier, P.5    Allain, P.6
  • 48
    • 0027409150 scopus 로고
    • Oxalate status in stone-formers
    • Hatch, M. (1993). Oxalate status in stone-formers. Urol. Res. 21:55-59.
    • (1993) Urol. Res. , vol.21 , pp. 55-59
    • Hatch, M.1
  • 49
    • 0027668770 scopus 로고
    • A severe and fatal case of ethylene glycol poisoning
    • Hatchett, R. (1993). A severe and fatal case of ethylene glycol poisoning. Int. Crit. Care Nurs. 9:183-190.
    • (1993) Int. Crit. Care Nurs. , vol.9 , pp. 183-190
    • Hatchett, R.1
  • 50
    • 0018088814 scopus 로고
    • Renal handling of oxalate. A micropuncture study in the rat
    • Hautmann, R., and Osswald, H. (1978). Renal handling of oxalate. A micropuncture study in the rat. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 304:277-281.
    • (1978) Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. , vol.304 , pp. 277-281
    • Hautmann, R.1    Osswald, H.2
  • 51
    • 0022853674 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol poisoning. the value of glycolic acid determinations for diagnosis and treatment
    • Hewlett, T.P., and McMartin, K.E. (1986). Ethylene glycol poisoning. The value of glycolic acid determinations for diagnosis and treatment. Clin. Toxicol. 24(5):389-402.
    • (1986) Clin. Toxicol. , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 389-402
    • Hewlett, T.P.1    McMartin, K.E.2
  • 52
    • 0019379934 scopus 로고
    • Sampling errors in the determination of urine calcium and oxalate: Solubility of calcium oxalate in HCL-urine mixtures
    • Hodgkinson, A. (1981). Sampling errors in the determination of urine calcium and oxalate: Solubility of calcium oxalate in HCL-urine mixtures. Clin. Chim. Acta 109:239-244.
    • (1981) Clin. Chim. Acta , vol.109 , pp. 239-244
    • Hodgkinson, A.1
  • 53
    • 0037274878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in renal hemodynamics and urodynamics in rats with chronic hyperoxaluria and after acute oxalate infusion: Role of free radicals
    • Huang, H.-S., Ma, M.-C., Chen, J., and Chen, C.-F. (2003). Changes in renal hemodynamics and urodynamics in rats with chronic hyperoxaluria and after acute oxalate infusion: Role of free radicals. Neurol. Urodyn. 22:176-182.
    • (2003) Neurol. Urodyn. , vol.22 , pp. 176-182
    • Huang, H.-S.1    Ma, M.-C.2    Chen, J.3    Chen, C.-F.4
  • 54
    • 0024783471 scopus 로고
    • Antifreeze (ethylene glycol) intoxications in Baltimore. Report of six cases
    • Introna, F., and Smialek, J.E. (1989). Antifreeze (ethylene glycol) intoxications in Baltimore. Report of six cases. Acta Morphol. Hung. 37:245-263.
    • (1989) Acta Morphol. Hung. , vol.37 , pp. 245-263
    • Introna, F.1    Smialek, J.E.2
  • 55
    • 0022997928 scopus 로고
    • Methanol and ethylene glycol poisonings. Mechanisms of toxicity, clinical course, diagnosis and treatment
    • Jacobsen, D., and McMartin, K.E. (1986). Methanol and ethylene glycol poisonings. Mechanisms of toxicity, clinical course, diagnosis and treatment. Med. Toxicol. 1:309-334.
    • (1986) Med. Toxicol. , vol.1 , pp. 309-334
    • Jacobsen, D.1    McMartin, K.E.2
  • 56
    • 0021680498 scopus 로고
    • Glycolate causes the acidosis in ethylene glycol poisoning and is effectively removed by haemodialysis
    • Jacobsen, D., Ovrebo, S., Ostborg, J., and Sejersted, O.M. (1984). Glycolate causes the acidosis in ethylene glycol poisoning and is effectively removed by haemodialysis. Acta Med. Scand. 216:409-416.
    • (1984) Acta Med. Scand. , vol.216 , pp. 409-416
    • Jacobsen, D.1    Ovrebo, S.2    Ostborg, J.3    Sejersted, O.M.4
  • 58
    • 0028206029 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the acid-base balance of coelomic and amniotic fluids in early human pregnancy
    • Jaunieux, E., Jurkovic, D., Gulbis, B., Collings, W.P., Zaidi, J., and Campbell, S. (1994). Investigation of the acid-base balance of coelomic and amniotic fluids in early human pregnancy. Am J. Obstet. Gynecol. 170:1365-1369.
    • (1994) Am J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.170 , pp. 1365-1369
    • Jaunieux, E.1    Jurkovic, D.2    Gulbis, B.3    Collings, W.P.4    Zaidi, J.5    Campbell, S.6
  • 59
    • 0026460016 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol poisoning: Experiences from an epidemic in Sweden
    • Karlson-Stiber, C., and Persson, H. (1992). Ethylene glycol poisoning: Experiences from an epidemic in Sweden. Clin. Toxicol. 30:565-574.
    • (1992) Clin. Toxicol. , vol.30 , pp. 565-574
    • Karlson-Stiber, C.1    Persson, H.2
  • 60
    • 0025054019 scopus 로고
    • Plasma oxalate and creatinine and oxalate/creatinine clearance ratios in normal subjects and in primary hyperoxaluria. Evidence for renal hyperoxaluria
    • Kasidas, G.P., Nemat, S., and Rose, G.A. (1990). Plasma oxalate and creatinine and oxalate/creatinine clearance ratios in normal subjects and in primary hyperoxaluria. Evidence for renal hyperoxaluria. Clin. Chim. Acta 191:67-78.
    • (1990) Clin. Chim. Acta , vol.191 , pp. 67-78
    • Kasidas, G.P.1    Nemat, S.2    Rose, G.A.3
  • 61
    • 0025941823 scopus 로고
    • Homeotic transformations of murine vertebrae and concomitant alteration of hox codes induced by retinoic acid
    • Kessel, M., and Gruss, P. (1991). Homeotic transformations of murine vertebrae and concomitant alteration of hox codes induced by retinoic acid. Cell 67:89-104.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.67 , pp. 89-104
    • Kessel, M.1    Gruss, P.2
  • 62
    • 0002805105 scopus 로고
    • Animal model of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis
    • S.R. Khan, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press
    • Khan, S.R. (1995). Animal model of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. In: Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems, S.R. Khan, pp. 343-359. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • (1995) Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems , pp. 343-359
    • Khan, S.R.1
  • 63
    • 0025736858 scopus 로고
    • Chemically induced alterations in maternal homeostasis and histology of conceptus: Their etiologic significance in rat fetal anomalies
    • Khera, K.S. (1991). Chemically induced alterations in maternal homeostasis and histology of conceptus: Their etiologic significance in rat fetal anomalies. Teratology 44:259-297.
    • (1991) Teratology , vol.44 , pp. 259-297
    • Khera, K.S.1
  • 64
    • 0034767890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ethylene glycol and metabolites on in vitro development of rat embryos during organogenesis
    • Klug, S., Merker, H.-J., and Jackh, R. (2001). Effects of ethylene glycol and metabolites on in vitro development of rat embryos during organogenesis. Toxicol. In Vitro 6:635-642.
    • (2001) Toxicol. In Vitro , vol.6 , pp. 635-642
    • Klug, S.1    Merker, H.-J.2    Jackh, R.3
  • 65
    • 0018611588 scopus 로고
    • Renal transport of oxalate: Effects of diuretics, uric acid, and calcium
    • Knight, T.F., Senekjian, H.O., Taylor, K., Steplock, D.A., and Weinman, E.J. (1979a). Renal transport of oxalate: Effects of diuretics, uric acid, and calcium. Kidney Int. 16:572-576.
    • (1979) Kidney Int. , vol.16 , pp. 572-576
    • Knight, T.F.1    Senekjian, H.O.2    Taylor, K.3    Steplock, D.A.4    Weinman, E.J.5
  • 66
    • 0018602962 scopus 로고
    • Effect of para-aminohiippurate on renal transport of oxalate
    • Knight, T.F., Senekjian, H.O., and Weinman, E.J. (1979b). Effect of para-aminohiippurate on renal transport of oxalate. Kidney Int. 15:38-42.
    • (1979) Kidney Int. , vol.15 , pp. 38-42
    • Knight, T.F.1    Senekjian, H.O.2    Weinman, E.J.3
  • 67
    • 0029087025 scopus 로고
    • Exposure to glycols and their renal effects in motor servicing workers
    • Laitinen, J., Liesivuori, J., and Savolainen, H. (1995). Exposure to glycols and their renal effects in motor servicing workers. Occup. Med. 45:259-262.
    • (1995) Occup. Med. , vol.45 , pp. 259-262
    • Laitinen, J.1    Liesivuori, J.2    Savolainen, H.3
  • 68
    • 0015444528 scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of oxalate precursors in isolated perfused rat livers
    • Liao, L.L., and Richardson, K.E. (1972). The metabolism of oxalate precursors in isolated perfused rat livers. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 153:438-448.
    • (1972) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.153 , pp. 438-448
    • Liao, L.L.1    Richardson, K.E.2
  • 69
    • 0025760496 scopus 로고
    • Considerations for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning based on analysis of two cases
    • Malmlund, H.O., Anders, B., Karlman, G., Magnusson, A., and Ullman, B. (1991). Considerations for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning based on analysis of two cases. Clin. Toxicol. 29:231-240.
    • (1991) Clin. Toxicol. , vol.29 , pp. 231-240
    • Malmlund, H.O.1    Anders, B.2    Karlman, G.3    Magnusson, A.4    Ullman, B.5
  • 70
    • 0019939827 scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent disposition of ethylene glycol in the rat after intravenous administration
    • Marshall, T.C. (1982). Dose-dependent disposition of ethylene glycol in the rat after intravenous administration. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 10:397-409.
    • (1982) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.10 , pp. 397-409
    • Marshall, T.C.1
  • 71
    • 0001557779 scopus 로고
    • Toxicology and carcinogenesis of various chemicals used in the preparation of vaccine
    • Mason, M.M., Cate, C.C., and Baker, J. (1971). Toxicology and carcinogenesis of various chemicals used in the preparation of vaccine. Clin. Toxicol. 4:185-204.
    • (1971) Clin. Toxicol. , vol.4 , pp. 185-204
    • Mason, M.M.1    Cate, C.C.2    Baker, J.3
  • 74
    • 0000791273 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in man
    • ed. S.R. Khan, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press
    • Milliner, D.A. (1995). Epidemiology of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in man. In: Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems, ed. S.R. Khan, pp. 169-188. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • (1995) Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems , pp. 169-188
    • Milliner, D.A.1
  • 75
    • 0000402728 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the chronic toxicities of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether, and diethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether
    • Morris, H. J., Nelson, A. A., and Calvery, H. O. (1942). Observations on the chronic toxicities of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether, and diethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 74:266-273.
    • (1942) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.74 , pp. 266-273
    • Morris, H.J.1    Nelson, A.A.2    Calvery, H.O.3
  • 76
    • 0032849937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental toxicity study of glycolic acid in rats
    • Munley, S.M., Kennedy, G.L., and Hurtt, M.E. (1999). Developmental toxicity study of glycolic acid in rats. Drug Chem. Toxicol. 22:569-582.
    • (1999) Drug Chem. Toxicol. , vol.22 , pp. 569-582
    • Munley, S.M.1    Kennedy, G.L.2    Hurtt, M.E.3
  • 77
    • 0009581245 scopus 로고
    • NTP technical report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of ethylene glycol (CAS Nos. 107-21-1) in B6C3F1 mice (feed studies)
    • National Toxicology Program, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    • National Toxicology Program. (1993). NTP technical report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of ethylene glycol (CAS Nos. 107-21-1) in B6C3F1 mice (feed studies). National Toxicology Program, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH Publication 93-3144.
    • (1993) NIH Publication 93-3144
  • 78
    • 0022479326 scopus 로고
    • Weak acids may act as teratogens by accumulating in the basic milieu of the early mammalian embryo
    • Nau, H., and Scott, W.J., Jr. (1986). Weak acids may act as teratogens by accumulating in the basic milieu of the early mammalian embryo. Nature 323:276-278.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.323 , pp. 276-278
    • Nau, H.1    Scott Jr., W.J.2
  • 79
    • 0018604779 scopus 로고
    • Renal elimination kinetics and plasma half-life of oxalate in man
    • Osswald, H., and Hautmann, R. (1979). Renal elimination kinetics and plasma half-life of oxalate in man. Urol. Int. 34:440-450.
    • (1979) Urol. Int. , vol.34 , pp. 440-450
    • Osswald, H.1    Hautmann, R.2
  • 80
    • 0016138701 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol poisoning
    • Parry, M. F., and Wallach, R. (1974). Ethylene glycol poisoning. Am. J. Med. 57:143-150.
    • (1974) Am. J. Med. , vol.57 , pp. 143-150
    • Parry, M.F.1    Wallach, R.2
  • 81
    • 0034958667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent nonlinear pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol metabolites in pregnant (gd 10) and nonpregnant Sprague-Dawley rats following oral administration of ethylene glycol
    • Pottenger, L.H., Carney, E.W., and Bartels, M.J. (2001). Dose-dependent nonlinear pharmacokinetics of ethylene glycol metabolites in pregnant (gd 10) and nonpregnant Sprague-Dawley rats following oral administration of ethylene glycol. Toxicol. Sci. 62:10-19.
    • (2001) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.62 , pp. 10-19
    • Pottenger, L.H.1    Carney, E.W.2    Bartels, M.J.3
  • 83
    • 0025376428 scopus 로고
    • Subacute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol administered in drinking water to Sprague-Dawley rats
    • Robinson, M., Pond, C.L., Laurie, R.D., Bercz, J.P., Henningsen, G., and Condie, L.W. (1990). Subacute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol administered in drinking water to Sprague-Dawley rats. Drug Chem. Toxicol. 13:43-70.
    • (1990) Drug Chem. Toxicol. , vol.13 , pp. 43-70
    • Robinson, M.1    Pond, C.L.2    Laurie, R.D.3    Bercz, J.P.4    Henningsen, G.5    Condie, L.W.6
  • 84
    • 0025811064 scopus 로고
    • Accidental and intentional poisonings with ethylene glycol in infancy: Diagnostic clues and management
    • Saladino, R., and Shannon, M. (1991). Accidental and intentional poisonings with ethylene glycol in infancy: Diagnostic clues and management. Pediat. Emerg. Care 7(2):93-96.
    • (1991) Pediat. Emerg. Care , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 93-96
    • Saladino, R.1    Shannon, M.2
  • 85
    • 0031779701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subacute oral toxicity of tetraethylene glycol and ethylene glycol administered to Wistar rats
    • Schladt, L., Ivens, I., Karbe, E., Rühl-Fehlert, C., and Bomhard, E. (1998). Subacute oral toxicity of tetraethylene glycol and ethylene glycol administered to Wistar rats. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 50:257-265.
    • (1998) Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. , vol.50 , pp. 257-265
    • Schladt, L.1    Ivens, I.2    Karbe, E.3    Rühl-Fehlert, C.4    Bomhard, E.5
  • 86
    • 0018717396 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of crystallosis of the kidney by means of polarization, scanning, transmission and high-voltage electron microscopy
    • Siew, S. (1979). Investigation of crystallosis of the kidney by means of polarization, scanning, transmission and high-voltage electron microscopy. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 15:698-710.
    • (1979) Isr. J. Med. Sci. , vol.15 , pp. 698-710
    • Siew, S.1
  • 87
    • 0021906988 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of calcium metabolism in a fatal case of ethylene glycol poisoning
    • Simpson, E. (1985). Some aspects of calcium metabolism in a fatal case of ethylene glycol poisoning. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 22:90-93.
    • (1985) Ann. Clin. Biochem. , vol.22 , pp. 90-93
    • Simpson, E.1
  • 88
    • 0025963010 scopus 로고
    • Multiple cranial nerve deficits after ethylene glycol poisoning
    • Spillane, L., Roberts, J.R., and Meyer, A.E. (1991). Multiple cranial nerve deficits after ethylene glycol poisoning. Ann. Emerg. Med. 20:208-210.
    • (1991) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.20 , pp. 208-210
    • Spillane, L.1    Roberts, J.R.2    Meyer, A.E.3
  • 90
    • 28144446180 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol: Species comparisons of in vitro skin penetration following a single application to the excised skin of humans and CD-1 mice
    • Arlington, VA
    • Sun, J.D., Frantz, S.W., and Beskitt, J.L. (1994). Ethylene glycol: Species comparisons of in vitro skin penetration following a single application to the excised skin of humans and CD-1 mice. Report of the American Chemistry Council, Arlington, VA.
    • (1994) Report of the American Chemistry Council
    • Sun, J.D.1    Frantz, S.W.2    Beskitt, J.L.3
  • 92
    • 3543102693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in pH gradients, protein and osmolarity of the rabbit conceptus during gestation (GD) 9-12
    • Tornesi, B., and Carney, E.W. (2003). Changes in pH gradients, protein and osmolarity of the rabbit conceptus during gestation (GD) 9-12. Birth Defects Res. 68:262.
    • (2003) Birth Defects Res. , vol.68 , pp. 262
    • Tornesi, B.1    Carney, E.W.2
  • 93
    • 77957186092 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the developmental toxicity of ethylene glycol applied cutaneously to CD-1 mice
    • Tyl, R.W., Fisher, L.C., Kubena, M.F., Vrbanic, M.A., and Losco, P.E. (1995). Assessment of the developmental toxicity of ethylene glycol applied cutaneously to CD-1 mice. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 27:155-166.
    • (1995) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.27 , pp. 155-166
    • Tyl, R.W.1    Fisher, L.C.2    Kubena, M.F.3    Vrbanic, M.A.4    Losco, P.E.5
  • 95
    • 0028043608 scopus 로고
    • Ethylene glycol antifreeze poisoning
    • Walder, A.D., and Tyler, C.K.G. (1994). Ethylene glycol antifreeze poisoning. Anaesthesia 49:964-967.
    • (1994) Anaesthesia , vol.49 , pp. 964-967
    • Walder, A.D.1    Tyler, C.K.G.2
  • 96
    • 0017946024 scopus 로고
    • Renal tubular transport of organic acids. Studies with oxalate and para-aminohippurate in the rat
    • Weinman, E.J., Frankfurt, S.J., Ince, A., and Sansom, S. (1978). Renal tubular transport of organic acids. Studies with oxalate and para-aminohippurate in the rat. J. Clin. Invest. 61:801-806.
    • (1978) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.61 , pp. 801-806
    • Weinman, E.J.1    Frankfurt, S.J.2    Ince, A.3    Sansom, S.4
  • 97
    • 16244363907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defects in cervical vertebrae in boric acid-exposed rat embryos are associated with anterior shifts of hox gene expression domains
    • Wery, N., Narotsky, M.G., Pacico, N., Kavlock, R.J., Picard, J.J., and Gofflot, F. (2003). Defects in cervical vertebrae in boric acid-exposed rat embryos are associated with anterior shifts of hox gene expression domains. Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol. 67:59-67.
    • (2003) Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol. , vol.67 , pp. 59-67
    • Wery, N.1    Narotsky, M.G.2    Pacico, N.3    Kavlock, R.J.4    Picard, J.J.5    Gofflot, F.6
  • 98
    • 0015120795 scopus 로고
    • The renal clearance of oxalate in normal subjects and patients with primary hyperoxaluria
    • Williams, H.E., Johnson, G.A., and Smith, L.H., Jr. (1971). The renal clearance of oxalate in normal subjects and patients with primary hyperoxaluria. Clin. Sci. 41:213.
    • (1971) Clin. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 213
    • Williams, H.E.1    Johnson, G.A.2    Smith Jr., L.H.3
  • 100
    • 0026841108 scopus 로고
    • Not so good to the last drop. Ethylene glycol poisoning in a coffee-consuming camper
    • Woodyear, W.E., Campbell, P.T., and Corey, G.R. (1992). Not so good to the last drop. Ethylene glycol poisoning in a coffee-consuming camper. N.C. Med. J. 53(4):134-136.
    • (1992) N.C. Med. J. , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 134-136
    • Woodyear, W.E.1    Campbell, P.T.2    Corey, G.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.