Durability improvement of ancient bricks by cementation of porous media

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Volumn 88, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 2564-2572

  Lopez Arce, Paula ^a   Benavente, David ^b   Garcia Guinea, Javier ^c  

^a Asociacion Para La Investigacion y El Desarrollo Industrial de Los Recursos Naturales   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALICANTE   (Spain)

^c MUSEO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS NATURALES   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRICK; CALCITE; CEMENTS; COMPOSITION; GYPSUM; PLASTER; THERMAL EFFECTS; WEATHERING;

CEMENTATION; ETTRINGITE; MINERAL CEMENTATION; SELF-HEALING;

POROUS MATERIALS;

EID: 27644502313     PISSN: 00027820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00466.x     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. X. Ariño, A. Gomez-Bolea, and C. Saiz-Jimenez, "Lichens on Ancient Mortars," Int. Bioderer. Biodegr., 40 [24] 217-24 (1997).
2. x on the Deterioration of Calcareous Stone," Sci. Total Environ., 227, 109-21 (1999).
3. G. Cultrone, M. J. Do La Torre, E. M. Sebastian, O. Cazalla, and C. Rodriguez-Navarro, "Behavior of Brick Samples in Aggressive Environments," Water Air Soil Poll., 119, 191-207 (2000).
4. D. Mottershead, A. Gorbushina, G. Lucas, and J. Wright, "The Influence of Marine Salts, Aspect and Microbes in the Weathering of Sandstone in Two Historic Structures," Build. Environ., 38 [9-10] 1193-204 (2003).
5. N. J. Crammond, "The Thaumasite Form of Sulfate Attack in the UK," Cement Concrete Comp., 25, 809-18 (2003).
6. H. Böke and A. Sedat, "Ettringite Formation in Historic Bath Brick-Lime Plasters," Cement Concrete Res., 33, 1457-64 (2003).
7. G. W. Scherer, "Stress from Crystallization of Salt," Cement Concrete Res., 34, 1613-24 (2004).
8. A. Török, "Surface Strength and Mineralogy of Weathering Crust on Lime-stone Buildings in Budapest," Build. Environ., 38 [9-10] 1185-92 (2003).
9. F. P. Glasser, L. Zhang, and Q. Zhou, "Reactions of Aluminate Cements with Calcium Sulfate;" pp. 551-64 in International Conference on Calcium Aluminate Cements (CAC), July 16-19, 2001. Edited by R. J. Mangabhai and F. P. Classer. Inst Mat, German Div, Cement & Concrete Grp., Soc. Chem. Ind., Construct Mat Grp., IOM Communicat. Ltd. Heriol-Walt Univ., Edinburgh, Scotland, 2001.
10. F. Rassineux, J. C. Petit, and A. Meunier, "Ancient Analogues of Modern Cement - Calcium Hydrosilicates in Mortars and Concretes from Gallo-Roman Thermal Baths of Western France," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 72 [6] 1026-32 (1989).
11. A. Moropoulou, K. Polikreli, A. Bakolas, and E. Aggelakopoulou, "The Effects of Limestone Characteristics and Calcinations Temperature to the Reactivity of the Quicklime," Cement Concrete Res., 31, 633-9 (2001).
12. A. Moropoulou, K. Polikreti, A. Bakolas, and P. Michailidis, "Correlation of Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Historical Mortars and Classification by Mullivariate Statistics," Cement Concrete Res., 33, 891-8 (2003).
13. K. Vanbalen and D. Vangemert, "Modeling Lime Mortar Carbonation," Mater. Struct., 27 [171] 393-8 (1994).
14. S. Sanchez-Moral, J. Garcia-Guinea, L. Luque, R. Gonzalez-Martin, and P. Lopez-Arce, "Carbonation Kinetics in Roman-Like Lime Mortars," Mater. Construcc., 54 [275] 23-36 (2004).
15. 2," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 57 [9] 394-7 (1974).
16. O. Cazalla, C. Rodriguez-Navarro, E. Sebastian, G. Cultrone, and M. J. De la Torre, "Aging of Lime Putty: Effects on Traditional Lime Mortar Carbonation," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 83 [5] 1070-6 (2000).
17. C. Rodriguez-Navarro, E. Hansen, and W. S. Ginell, "Calcium Hydroxide Crystal Evolution Upon Aging of Lime Putty," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81 [11] 3032-4 (1998).
18. E. Donalh, "The Chemistry of Tiles and Bricks Industry," Samml. Chemischer Chemish-Technisher Varträge, 30 [5-6] 153-226 (1928) (in German).
19. P. Lopez-Arce and J. Garcia-Guinea, "Weathering Traces in Ancient Bricks from Historic Buildings," Build. Environ., 40 [7] 929-41 (2005).
20. F. Aranda-Alonso, F. Aranda Gutierrez, and M. Aranda Gutierrez, "Observaciones sobre el clima de Toledo (Observations on Toledo Climate);" Instituto Provincial de Investigaciones - Estudios Toledanos and Institute de Edafología y Biologia Vegetal (CSIC). Ciencia y Técnica Toledanas. Toledo, Spain, S. VIII, 2, 1984.
21. M. A. Marichalar, Nueva Signatura [2330]. Archive Municipal de Toledo (AMT), Toledo, Spain, 1825.
22. P. Lopez-Arce, "Ladrillos de edificios históricos de Toledo: Caracterización, origen de las materias primas y aplicaciones para su preservación y conservation (Bricks from Historic Buildings: Characterization, Origin or Raw Materials and Applications for its Preservation and Restoration);" Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain, 2004.
23. E. Barahona, "Arcillas de ladrillería de la provincia de Granada: evaluación de algunos ensayos do materias primas (Brick Clays From the Granada Province: Evaluation of Some Tests of Raw Materials);" Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad de Granada, Spain, 1974.
24. F. Veniale, "Modern Techniques of Analysis Applied to Ancient Ceramics;" pp. 141-66 in Advanced Workshop on Analytical Methodologies for the Investiga tion of Damaged Stones, Pavia, Italy, 1990. Edited by F. Veniale and U. Zezza. La Goliardica Pavese, Pavia, Italy, 1990.
25. R. S. Boynton, Chemistry and Technology of Lime and Limestone, 2nd edition, Wiley, New York, 1980.
26. P. Lopez-Arce, J. Garcia-Guinea, M. Gracia, and J. Obis, "Bricks in Historical Buildings of Toledo City: Characterisation and Restoration," Mater. Charact., 50, 59-68 (2003).
27. D. Bonen, "Calcium Hydroxide Deposition in the Near Interfacial Zone in Plain Concrete," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 77 [1] 193-6 (1994).
28. M. S. Tite and Y. Maniatis, "Scanning Electron Microscopy of Fired Calcareous Clays," Trans. J. Br. Ceram. Soc., 74, 19-22 (1975).
29. M. Collepardi, "Thaumasile Formation and Deterioration in Historic Buildings," Cement Concrete Camp., 21, 147-54 (1999).
30. I. Soroka and P. J. Sereda, "Interrelation of Hardness Modulus of Elasticity and Porosity in Various Gypsum Systems," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 51 [6] 337-40 (1968).
31. M. Collepardi, "A State-of-the-Art Review on Delayed Ettringite Attack on Concrete," Cement Concrete Res., 25, 401-7 (2003).
32. G. W. Scherer, "Factors Affecting Crystallization Pressure;" in Internal Sulfate Attack: Proceedings of RILEM Workshop on Delayed Ettringite Formation, Edited by K. L. Scrivener and J. Scrivener. RILEM Publications, Paris, 2004.
33. D. Min and T. Mingshu, "Formation and Expansion of Ettringite Crystals," Cement Concrete Res., 24 [1] 119-26 (1994).
34. C. Rodriguez-Navarro, O. Cazalla, K. Elert, and E. Sebastian, "Liesegang Pattern Development in Carbonating Traditional Lime Mortars," Proc. R. Soc. Land. A., 458, 2261-73 (2002).
35. D. Benavente, M. A. Garcia del Cura, R. Fort, and S. Ordoñez, "Durability Estimation of Porous Building Stones from Pore Structure and Strength," Eng, Geol., 74, 113-27 (2004).
36. K. Elert, G. Cultrone, C. Rodriguez-Navarro, and E. Sebastian, "Durability of Bricks Used in the Conservation of Historic Buildings Influence of Composition and Microstructure," J. Cult. Herit., 4, 91-9 (2003).
37. N. I. Christens. "Seismic Velocities;" pp. 429-546 in Practical Handbook of Physical Properties of Rocks and Minerals, Edited by R. S. Carmichael. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1990.
38. R. E. Goodman, Introduction to Rock Mechanics, Edited by K. Helbig and S. Tritel. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1989.
39. J. H. Schön, "Physical Properties of Rocks: Fundamentals and Principles of Petrophysics;" in Handbook of Geophysical Exploration, Section I, Vol. 18, Seismic Exploration, Edited by Pergamon, New York, 1996.
40. G. Cultrone, E. Sebastian, O. Cazalla, M. Nehcar, R. Romero, and M. G. Bagur, "Ultrasound and Mechanical Tests Combined with ANOVA to Evaluate Brick Quality," Ceram, Int., 27 [4] 401-6 (2001).
41. G. Cultrone, E. Sebastian, and M. J. de la Torre, "Mineralogical and Physical Behaviour of Solid Bricks with Additives," Constr. Build. Mater., 19 [1] 39-48 (2005).