메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1060, Issue 1-2, 2005, Pages 81-88

Chronic morphine exposure affects the visual response properties of V1 neurons in cat

Author keywords

Direction selectivity; Orientation selectivity; Signal to noise ratio; Spontaneous activity; Visual cortex

Indexed keywords

MORPHINE; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

EID: 26944447896     PISSN: 00068993     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.08.036     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0027976701 scopus 로고
    • Opiate withdrawal increases glutamate and aspartate efflux in the locus coeruleus: An in vivo microdialysis study
    • G.K. Aghajanian, J.H. Kogan, and B. Moghaddam Opiate withdrawal increases glutamate and aspartate efflux in the locus coeruleus: an in vivo microdialysis study Brain Res. 636 1994 126 130
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.636 , pp. 126-130
    • Aghajanian, G.K.1    Kogan, J.H.2    Moghaddam, B.3
  • 2
    • 0026333419 scopus 로고
    • Opiate withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of locus coeruleus neurons is substantially mediated by augmented excitatory amino acid input
    • H. Akaoka, and G. Aston-Jones Opiate withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of locus coeruleus neurons is substantially mediated by augmented excitatory amino acid input J. Neurosci. 11 1991 3830 3839
    • (1991) J. Neurosci. , vol.11 , pp. 3830-3839
    • Akaoka, H.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 3
    • 0038404909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topographic organization of projections from the amygdala to the visual cortex in the macaque monkey
    • D.G. Amaral, H. Behniea, and J.L. Kelly Topographic organization of projections from the amygdala to the visual cortex in the macaque monkey Neuroscience 118 2003 1099 1120
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.118 , pp. 1099-1120
    • Amaral, D.G.1    Behniea, H.2    Kelly, J.L.3
  • 4
    • 76549154317 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of directionally selective units in rabbit's retina
    • H.B. Barlow, and W.R. Levick The mechanism of directionally selective units in rabbit's retina J. Physiol. 178 1965 477 504
    • (1965) J. Physiol. , vol.178 , pp. 477-504
    • Barlow, H.B.1    Levick, W.R.2
  • 5
    • 0018902523 scopus 로고
    • Direction-selective cells in complex family in cat striate cortex
    • P.O. Bishop, H. Kato, and G.A. Orban Direction-selective cells in complex family in cat striate cortex J. Neurophysiol. 43 1980 1266 1283
    • (1980) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.43 , pp. 1266-1283
    • Bishop, P.O.1    Kato, H.2    Orban, G.A.3
  • 6
    • 0030612822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychophysics toolbox
    • D.H. Brainard The psychophysics toolbox Spat. Vis. 10 1997 433 436
    • (1997) Spat. Vis. , vol.10 , pp. 433-436
    • Brainard, D.H.1
  • 7
    • 0032171358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased opioid inhibition of GABA release in nucleus accumbens during morphine withdrawal
    • B. Chieng, and J.T. Williams Increased opioid inhibition of GABA release in nucleus accumbens during morphine withdrawal J. Neurosci. 18 1998 7033 7039
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 7033-7039
    • Chieng, B.1    Williams, J.T.2
  • 9
    • 0031842648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a contribution of lateral inhibition to orientation tuning and direction selectivity in cat visual cortex: Reversible inactivation of functionally characterized sites combined with neuroanatomical tracing techniques
    • J.M. Crook, Z.F. Kisvaarday, and U.T. Eysel Evidence for a contribution of lateral inhibition to orientation tuning and direction selectivity in cat visual cortex: reversible inactivation of functionally characterized sites combined with neuroanatomical tracing techniques Eur. J. Neurosci. 10 1998 2056 2075
    • (1998) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 2056-2075
    • Crook, J.M.1    Kisvaarday, Z.F.2    Eysel, U.T.3
  • 11
    • 1842714365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes modulate GABAergic neurotransmission in rat periaqueductal grey neurons in vitro
    • G.M. Drew, and C.W. Vaughan Multiple metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes modulate GABAergic neurotransmission in rat periaqueductal grey neurons in vitro Neuropharmacology 46 2004 927 934
    • (2004) Neuropharmacology , vol.46 , pp. 927-934
    • Drew, G.M.1    Vaughan, C.W.2
  • 12
    • 0037052752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic modulation of functional selectivity in the cat visual cortex: An in vivo extracellular and intracellular study
    • V. Ego-Stengel, V. Bringuier, and D.E. Shulz Noradrenergic modulation of functional selectivity in the cat visual cortex: an in vivo extracellular and intracellular study Neuroscience 111 2002 275 289
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.111 , pp. 275-289
    • Ego-Stengel, V.1    Bringuier, V.2    Shulz, D.E.3
  • 13
    • 0031935750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orientation tuning and receptive field structure in cat striate neurons during local blockade of intracortical inhibition
    • U.T. Eysel, I.A. Shevelev, N.A. Lazareva, and G.A. Sharaev Orientation tuning and receptive field structure in cat striate neurons during local blockade of intracortical inhibition Neuroscience 84 1998 25 36
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.84 , pp. 25-36
    • Eysel, U.T.1    Shevelev, I.A.2    Lazareva, N.A.3    Sharaev, G.A.4
  • 14
    • 0018792109 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral changes produced in the cat by acute and chronic morphine injection and naloxone precipitated withdrawal
    • E.D. French, S.A. Vasquez, and R. George Behavioral changes produced in the cat by acute and chronic morphine injection and naloxone precipitated withdrawal Eur. J. Pharmacol. 57 1979 387 397
    • (1979) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.57 , pp. 387-397
    • French, E.D.1    Vasquez, S.A.2    George, R.3
  • 15
    • 0021356023 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of directional selectivity in simple neurons of the cat's visual cortex analyzed with stationary flash sequences
    • L. Ganz, and R. Felder Mechanism of directional selectivity in simple neurons of the cat's visual cortex analyzed with stationary flash sequences J. Neurophysiol. 51 1984 294 324
    • (1984) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.51 , pp. 294-324
    • Ganz, L.1    Felder, R.2
  • 16
    • 0016656119 scopus 로고
    • Direction selectivity of complex cells in a comparison with simple cells
    • A.W. Goodwin, and G.H. Henry Direction selectivity of complex cells in a comparison with simple cells J. Neurophysiol. 38 1975 1524 1540
    • (1975) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.38 , pp. 1524-1540
    • Goodwin, A.W.1    Henry, G.H.2
  • 17
    • 0018948412 scopus 로고
    • Effects of morphine, d-amphetamine, and pentobarbital on shock and light discrimination performance in rats
    • D.M. Grilly, R.F. Genovese, and M.J. Nowak Effects of morphine, d-amphetamine, and pentobarbital on shock and light discrimination performance in rats Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 70 1980 213 217
    • (1980) Psychopharmacology (Berlin) , vol.70 , pp. 213-217
    • Grilly, D.M.1    Genovese, R.F.2    Nowak, M.J.3
  • 18
    • 0019229266 scopus 로고
    • Is excitation by enkephalins of hippocampal neurones in the rat due to presynaptic facilitation or to disinhibition?
    • H.L. Haas, and R.W. Ryall Is excitation by enkephalins of hippocampal neurones in the rat due to presynaptic facilitation or to disinhibition? J. Physiol. 308 1980 315 330
    • (1980) J. Physiol. , vol.308 , pp. 315-330
    • Haas, H.L.1    Ryall, R.W.2
  • 19
    • 20444471831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of response modulation of visual cortical cells in cats with chronic exposure to morphine
    • L. He, X. Li, T. Hua, P. Bao, and Y. Zhou Degradation of response modulation of visual cortical cells in cats with chronic exposure to morphine Neurosci. Lett. 384 2005 168 171
    • (2005) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.384 , pp. 168-171
    • He, L.1    Li, X.2    Hua, T.3    Bao, P.4    Zhou, Y.5
  • 20
    • 0027168991 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the involvement of excitatory amino acid pathways in the development of precipitated withdrawal from acute and chronic morphine: An in vivo voltammetric study in the rat locus coeruleus
    • M. Hong, B. Milne, and K. Jhamandas Evidence for the involvement of excitatory amino acid pathways in the development of precipitated withdrawal from acute and chronic morphine: an in vivo voltammetric study in the rat locus coeruleus Brain Res. 623 1993 131 141
    • (1993) Brain Res. , vol.623 , pp. 131-141
    • Hong, M.1    Milne, B.2    Jhamandas, K.3
  • 21
    • 33645410496 scopus 로고
    • Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex
    • D.H. Hubel, and T.N. Wiesel Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex J. Physiol. 160 1962 106 154
    • (1962) J. Physiol. , vol.160 , pp. 106-154
    • Hubel, D.H.1    Wiesel, T.N.2
  • 22
    • 0033629748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic morphine increases GABA tone on serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus: Association with an up-regulation of the cyclic AMP pathway
    • T. Jolas, E.J. Nestler, and G.K. Aghajanian Chronic morphine increases GABA tone on serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus: association with an up-regulation of the cyclic AMP pathway Neuroscience 95 2000 433 443
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.95 , pp. 433-443
    • Jolas, T.1    Nestler, E.J.2    Aghajanian, G.K.3
  • 23
    • 0026507628 scopus 로고
    • Drugs of abuse: Anatomy, pharmacology and function of reward pathways
    • G.F. Koob Drugs of abuse: anatomy, pharmacology and function of reward pathways Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 13 1992 177 184
    • (1992) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.13 , pp. 177-184
    • Koob, G.F.1
  • 24
    • 0242467879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroadaptive mechanisms of addiction: Studies on the extended amygdala
    • G.F. Koob Neuroadaptive mechanisms of addiction: studies on the extended amygdala Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 13 2003 442 452
    • (2003) Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.13 , pp. 442-452
    • Koob, G.F.1
  • 25
    • 0030756351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug abuse: Hedonic homeostatic dysregulation
    • G.F. Koob, and M. Le Moal Drug abuse: hedonic homeostatic dysregulation Science 278 1997 52 58
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 52-58
    • Koob, G.F.1    Le Moal, M.2
  • 26
    • 1642580891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opiate state controls bi-directional reward signaling via GABAA receptors in the ventral tegmental area
    • S.R. Laviolette, R.A. Gallegos, S.J. Henriksen, and D. van der Kooy Opiate state controls bi-directional reward signaling via GABAA receptors in the ventral tegmental area Nat. Neurosci. 7 2004 160 169
    • (2004) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 160-169
    • Laviolette, S.R.1    Gallegos, R.A.2    Henriksen, S.J.3    Van Der Kooy, D.4
  • 27
    • 0038079408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA and its agonists improved visual cortical function in senescent monkeys
    • A.G. Leventhal, Y. Wang, M. Pu, Y. Zhou, and Y. Ma GABA and its agonists improved visual cortical function in senescent monkeys Science 300 2003 812 815
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 812-815
    • Leventhal, A.G.1    Wang, Y.2    Pu, M.3    Zhou, Y.4    Ma, Y.5
  • 28
    • 0020000438 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of orientation bias in cat retina
    • W.R. Levick, and L.N. Thibos Analysis of orientation bias in cat retina J. Physiol. 329 1982 243 261
    • (1982) J. Physiol. , vol.329 , pp. 243-261
    • Levick, W.R.1    Thibos, L.N.2
  • 29
  • 30
    • 0028887626 scopus 로고
    • Opioid-receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS: Anatomical and functional implications
    • A. Mansour, C.A. Fox, H. Akil, and S.J. Watson Opioid-receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS: anatomical and functional implications Trends Neurosci. 18 1995 22 29
    • (1995) Trends Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 22-29
    • Mansour, A.1    Fox, C.A.2    Akil, H.3    Watson, S.J.4
  • 31
    • 0030701542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Augmentation of LTP induced by primed-bursts tetanic stimulation in hippocampal CA1 area of morphine dependent rats
    • F.A. Mansouri, F. Motamedi, Y. Fathollahi, N. Atapour, and S. Semnanian Augmentation of LTP induced by primed-bursts tetanic stimulation in hippocampal CA1 area of morphine dependent rats Brain Res. 769 1997 119 124
    • (1997) Brain Res. , vol.769 , pp. 119-124
    • Mansouri, F.A.1    Motamedi, F.2    Fathollahi, Y.3    Atapour, N.4    Semnanian, S.5
  • 32
    • 0031032086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mu-Opioid receptors modulate NMDA receptor-mediated responses in nucleus accumbens neurons
    • G. Martin, Z. Nie, and G.R. Siggins mu-Opioid receptors modulate NMDA receptor-mediated responses in nucleus accumbens neurons J. Neurosci. 17 1997 11 22
    • (1997) J. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 11-22
    • Martin, G.1    Nie, Z.2    Siggins, G.R.3
  • 33
    • 0033570340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic morphine treatment alters NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the nucleus accumbens
    • G. Martin, S.H. Ahmed, T. Blank, J. Spiess, G.F. Koob, and G.R. Siggins Chronic morphine treatment alters NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the nucleus accumbens J. Neurosci. 19 1999 9081 9089
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 9081-9089
    • Martin, G.1    Ahmed, S.H.2    Blank, T.3    Spiess, J.4    Koob, G.F.5    Siggins, G.R.6
  • 34
    • 0032912535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic morphine treatment selectively augments metabotropic glutamate receptor-induced inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-mediated neurotransmission in nucleus accumbens
    • G. Martin, R. Przewlocki, and G.R. Siggins Chronic morphine treatment selectively augments metabotropic glutamate receptor-induced inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-mediated neurotransmission in nucleus accumbens J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 288 1999 30 35
    • (1999) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.288 , pp. 30-35
    • Martin, G.1    Przewlocki, R.2    Siggins, G.R.3
  • 35
    • 0030766528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular basis of addiction
    • E.J. Nestler, and G.K. Aghajanian Molecular and cellular basis of addiction Science 278 1997 58 63
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 58-63
    • Nestler, E.J.1    Aghajanian, G.K.2
  • 36
    • 0030612832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The VideoToolbox software for visual psychophysics: Transforming numbers into movies
    • D.G. Pelli The VideoToolbox software for visual psychophysics: transforming numbers into movies Spat. Vis. 10 1997 437 442
    • (1997) Spat. Vis. , vol.10 , pp. 437-442
    • Pelli, D.G.1
  • 37
    • 0036523028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced by chronic opiate treatment and can be restored by re-exposure to opiates
    • L. Pu, G.B. Bao, N.J. Xu, L. Ma, and G. Pei Hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced by chronic opiate treatment and can be restored by re-exposure to opiates J. Neurosci. 22 2002 1914 1921
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 1914-1921
    • Pu, L.1    Bao, G.B.2    Xu, N.J.3    Ma, L.4    Pei, G.5
  • 38
    • 0026540687 scopus 로고
    • Systemic morphine reduces GABA release in the lateral but not the medial portion of the midbrain periaqueductal gray of the rat
    • W.M. Renno, M.A. Mullett, and A.J. Beitz Systemic morphine reduces GABA release in the lateral but not the medial portion of the midbrain periaqueductal gray of the rat Brain Res. 594 1992 221 232
    • (1992) Brain Res. , vol.594 , pp. 221-232
    • Renno, W.M.1    Mullett, M.A.2    Beitz, A.J.3
  • 39
    • 0035283068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific roles of NMDA and AMPA receptors in direction-selective and spatial phase-selective responses in visual cortex
    • C. Rivadulla, J. Sharma, and M. Sur Specific roles of NMDA and AMPA receptors in direction-selective and spatial phase-selective responses in visual cortex J. Neurosci. 21 2001 1710 1719
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. , vol.21 , pp. 1710-1719
    • Rivadulla, C.1    Sharma, J.2    Sur, M.3
  • 40
    • 0033561459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug addiction: Bad habits add up
    • T.W. Robbins, and B.J. Everitt Drug addiction: bad habits add up Nature 398 1999 567 570
    • (1999) Nature , vol.398 , pp. 567-570
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Everitt, B.J.2
  • 42
    • 0029737750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying orientation selectivity of neurons in the primary visual cortex of the macaque
    • H. Sato, N. Katsuyama, H. Tamura, Y. Hata, and T. Tsumoto Mechanisms underlying orientation selectivity of neurons in the primary visual cortex of the macaque J. Physiol. 494 1996 757 771
    • (1996) J. Physiol. , vol.494 , pp. 757-771
    • Sato, H.1    Katsuyama, N.2    Tamura, H.3    Hata, Y.4    Tsumoto, T.5
  • 43
    • 0034071014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of stimulus selectivity of visual cortical cells in senescent rhesus monkeys
    • M.T. Schmolesky, Y. Wang, M. Pu, and A.G. Leventhal Degradation of stimulus selectivity of visual cortical cells in senescent rhesus monkeys Nat. Neurosci. 3 2000 384 390
    • (2000) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 384-390
    • Schmolesky, M.T.1    Wang, Y.2    Pu, M.3    Leventhal, A.G.4
  • 44
    • 0030197957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of visually evoked responses of relay cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat following prolonged exposure to drifting gratings
    • T. Shou, X. Li, Y. Zhou, and B. Hu Adaptation of visually evoked responses of relay cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat following prolonged exposure to drifting gratings Vis. Neurosci. 13 1996 605 613
    • (1996) Vis. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 605-613
    • Shou, T.1    Li, X.2    Zhou, Y.3    Hu, B.4
  • 45
    • 0016701720 scopus 로고
    • The contribution of inhibitory mechanisms to the receptive field properties of neurones in the striate cortex of the cat
    • A.M. Sillito The contribution of inhibitory mechanisms to the receptive field properties of neurones in the striate cortex of the cat J. Physiol. 250 1975 305 329
    • (1975) J. Physiol. , vol.250 , pp. 305-329
    • Sillito, A.M.1
  • 46
    • 0018885801 scopus 로고
    • A re-evaluation of the mechanisms underlying simple cell orientation selectivity
    • A.M. Sillito, J.A. Kemp, J.A. Milson, and N. Berardi A re-evaluation of the mechanisms underlying simple cell orientation selectivity Brain Res. 194 1980 517 520
    • (1980) Brain Res. , vol.194 , pp. 517-520
    • Sillito, A.M.1    Kemp, J.A.2    Milson, J.A.3    Berardi, N.4
  • 47
    • 0025971938 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801
    • K.A. Trujillo, and H. Akil Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 Science 251 1991 85 87
    • (1991) Science , vol.251 , pp. 85-87
    • Trujillo, K.A.1    Akil, H.2
  • 48
    • 0018322435 scopus 로고
    • Modification of orientation sensitivity of cat visual cortex neurons by removal of GABA-mediated inhibition
    • T. Tsumoto, W. Eckart, and O.D. Creutzfeldt Modification of orientation sensitivity of cat visual cortex neurons by removal of GABA-mediated inhibition Exp. Brain Res. 34 1979 351 363
    • (1979) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.34 , pp. 351-363
    • Tsumoto, T.1    Eckart, W.2    Creutzfeldt, O.D.3
  • 49
    • 0031033471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic inhibitory action of opioids on synaptic transmission in the rat periaqueductal grey in vitro
    • C.W. Vaughan, and M.J. Christie Presynaptic inhibitory action of opioids on synaptic transmission in the rat periaqueductal grey in vitro J. Physiol. 498 1997 463 472
    • (1997) J. Physiol. , vol.498 , pp. 463-472
    • Vaughan, C.W.1    Christie, M.J.2
  • 50
    • 0031470828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How opioids inhibit GABA-mediated neurotransmission
    • C.W. Vaughan, S.L. Ingram, M.A. Connor, and M.J. Christie How opioids inhibit GABA-mediated neurotransmission Nature 390 1997 611 614
    • (1997) Nature , vol.390 , pp. 611-614
    • Vaughan, C.W.1    Ingram, S.L.2    Connor, M.A.3    Christie, M.J.4
  • 51
    • 0027691215 scopus 로고
    • Excitation and inhibition in orientation selectivity of cat visual cortex neurons revealed by whole-cell recordings in vivo
    • M. Volgushev, X. Pei, T.R. Vidyasagar, and O.D. Creutzfeldt Excitation and inhibition in orientation selectivity of cat visual cortex neurons revealed by whole-cell recordings in vivo Vis. Neurosci. 10 1993 1151 1155
    • (1993) Vis. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 1151-1155
    • Volgushev, M.1    Pei, X.2    Vidyasagar, T.R.3    Creutzfeldt, O.D.4
  • 53
    • 0019918539 scopus 로고
    • Selective augmentation of visual pathways by morphine in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats
    • D.M. Wilkison, and M.J. Hosko Selective augmentation of visual pathways by morphine in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats Exp. Neurol. 77 1982 519 533
    • (1982) Exp. Neurol. , vol.77 , pp. 519-533
    • Wilkison, D.M.1    Hosko, M.J.2
  • 54
    • 0019961174 scopus 로고
    • Opiate receptor distribution in the cerebral cortex of the Rhesus monkey
    • S.P. Wise, and M. Herkenham Opiate receptor distribution in the cerebral cortex of the Rhesus monkey Science 218 1982 387 389
    • (1982) Science , vol.218 , pp. 387-389
    • Wise, S.P.1    Herkenham, M.2
  • 55
    • 5744248619 scopus 로고
    • Naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal increases pontine glutamate levels in the rat
    • T. Zhang, Y. Feng, R.W. Rockhold, and I.K. Ho Naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal increases pontine glutamate levels in the rat Life Sci. 55 1994 PL25 PL31
    • (1994) Life Sci. , vol.55
    • Zhang, T.1    Feng, Y.2    Rockhold, R.W.3    Ho, I.K.4
  • 56
    • 0037082381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D1 and D2 receptor-mediated dopaminergic modulation of visual responses in cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus
    • Y. Zhao, N. Kerscher, U. Eysel, and K. Funke D1 and D2 receptor-mediated dopaminergic modulation of visual responses in cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus J. Physiol. 539 2002 223 238
    • (2002) J. Physiol. , vol.539 , pp. 223-238
    • Zhao, Y.1    Kerscher, N.2    Eysel, U.3    Funke, K.4
  • 57
    • 0028835917 scopus 로고
    • Visual deprivation does not affect the orientation and direction sensitivity of relay cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat
    • Y. Zhou, A.G. Leventhal, and K.G. Thompson Visual deprivation does not affect the orientation and direction sensitivity of relay cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat J. Neurosci. 15 1995 689 698
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 689-698
    • Zhou, Y.1    Leventhal, A.G.2    Thompson, K.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.