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Plasma platelet activating factor-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH)
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Karasawa K, Harada A, Satoh N, et al. Plasma platelet activating factor-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). Prog Lipid Res 2003; 42:93-114. This is an excellent review of PAF-AH isoforms. Its discussion focuses on the biomedical properties of plasma PAF-AH and its role in various disease patterns.
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Platelet activating factor, a pleiotrophic mediator of physiological and pathological processes
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Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM. Platelet activating factor, a pleiotrophic mediator of physiological and pathological processes. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2003; 40:1-30. This is an elegant review of the physiological and pathological activities of PAF and PAF-like lipids. The thorough discussion on the signaling pathways of these substrates of plasma PAF-AH enhances the understanding of the importance of plasma PAF-AH.
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Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci
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2, is positively associated with increased risk for coronary artery disease and propose possible mechanisms supporting the potential proatherogenic role of this enzyme.
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Curr Opin Lipidol
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Caslake, M.J.1
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Szmitko PE, Wang CH, Weisel RD, et al. Biomarkers of vascular disease linking inflammation to endothelial activation: Part II. Circulation 2003; 108:2041-2048. This review lists plasma PAF-AH as a biomarker for atherosclerosis. It also gives a hypothetical mechanism for this possibility.
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Szmitko, P.E.1
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Blankenberg S, Stengel D, Rupprecht HJ, et al. Plasma PAF-acetylhydrolase in patients with coronary artery disease: results of a cross-sectional analysis. J Lipid Res 2003; 44:1381-1386. Plasma PAF-AH activity was found to increase gradually in stable angina and acute coronary syndromes in this recent study. No correlation was found between PAF-AH and other inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and fibrinogen.
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J Lipid Res
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Blankenberg, S.1
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Marathe GK, Silva AR, de Castro Faria Neto HC, et al. Lysophosphatidylcholine and lyso-PAF display PAF-like activity derived from contaminating phospholipids. J Lipid Res 2001; 42:1430-1437.
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Marathe, G.K.1
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The platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase from human plasma prevents oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein
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Human plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase binds to all the murine lipoproteins, conferring protection against oxidative stress
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Noto H, Hara M, Karasawa K, et al. Human plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase binds to all the murine lipoproteins, conferring protection against oxidative stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23:829-835. In this study, the authors demonstrated that transfected human plasma PAF-AH renders murine lipoproteins resistant to oxidative stress and augments the protective effects of HDL in atherogenesis.
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PAF acetylhydrolase, and not paraoxonase-1, is the oxidized phospholipid hydrolase of high density lipoprotein particles
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Marathe GK, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM. PAF acetylhydrolase, and not paraoxonase-1, is the oxidized phospholipid hydrolase of high density lipoprotein particles. J Biol Chem 2002; 278:3937-3947. Paraoxonase-1 has been considered a major phospholipase in HDL and whether enhancement of its activity can increase the protective effect of HDL against oxidized phospholipids has become an important issue. This study addressed this question and the results indicate that plasma PAF-AH is indeed responsible for such activities of HDL.
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J Biol Chem
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Marathe, G.K.1
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Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency: A missense mutation near the active site of an anti-inflammatory phospholipase
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Stafforini DM, Satoh K, Atkinson DL, et al. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency: a missense mutation near the active site of an anti-inflammatory phospholipase. J Clin Invest 1996; 97:2784-2791.
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Identification of the G994-→T missense in exon 9 of the plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in Japanese men
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Yamada Y, Ichihara S, Fujimura T, Yokota M. Identification of the G994-→T missense in exon 9 of the plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in Japanese men. Metabolism 1998; 47:177-181.
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Evidence for the existence of the PAF acetylhydrolase mutation (Val279Phe) in non-Japanese populations: A preliminary study in Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Kyrgyzstan
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Balta G, Gurgey A, Kudayarov DK, et al. Evidence for the existence of the PAF acetylhydrolase mutation (Val279Phe) in non-Japanese populations: a preliminary study in Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Kyrgyzstan. Thromb Res 2001; 101:231-234.
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Characterization of serum platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase: Correlation between deficiency of serum PAF acetylhydrolase and respiratory symptoms in asthmatic children
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Deficiency of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is a severity factor for asthma
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Platelet-activating factor-induced pulmonary edema is partly mediated by prostaglandin E(2), E-prostanoid 3-receptors, and potassium channels
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Recombinant platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase to prevent acute respiratory distress syndrome and mortality in severe sepsis: Phase IIb, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
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Schuster DP, Metzler M, Opal S, et al. Recombinant platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase to prevent acute respiratory distress syndrome and mortality in severe sepsis: Phase IIb, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1612-1619. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, and multicenter trial, recombinant PAF-AH was given intravenously in two different doses to patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome and mortality was compared between the treatment and placebo groups.
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Crit Care Med
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Biancone L, Cantaluppi V, Del Sorbo L, et al. Platelet-activating factor inactivation by local expression of platelet-activating factor acetyl-hydrolase modifies tumor vascularization and growth. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9:4214-4220. Involvement of PAF or PAF-like lipids in malignant tumor growth and the potential therapeutic role of plasma PAF-AH were examined in this interesting study.
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Clin Cancer Res
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Bulger, E.M.1
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Low-density lipoprotein in hypercholesterolemic human plasma induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis by inhibiting fibroblast growth factor 2 transcription
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Chen CH, Jiang T, Yang JH, et al. Low-density lipoprotein in hypercholesterolemic human plasma induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis by inhibiting fibroblast growth factor 2 transcription. Circulation 2003; 107:2102-2108. This recent study showed that a novel highly electronegative and mildly oxidized LDL subfraction, L5, isolated from hypercholesterolemic human plasma can induce marked apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Evidence that possible active components of L5 signal through the PAF receptor and are sensitive to degradation by human plasma PAF-AH is demonstrated.
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Circulation
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Chen, C.H.1
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Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
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Chen CH, Poucher SM, Henry PD. Fibroblast growth factor 2: from laboratory evidence to clinical application. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2004; 2:33-43. This is the most recent review on the genetic and functional aspects of fibroblast growth factor 2.
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Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is mainly associated with electronegative low-density lipoprotein subfraction
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Benitez S, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Ribas V, et al. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is mainly associated with electronegative low-density lipoprotein subfraction. Circulation 2003; 108:92-96. The association of human plasma PAF-AH with electronegative LDL and nonelectronegative LDL subfractions were compared in this study.
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Circulation
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Benitez, S.1
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