How the defendant's emotion level affects mock jurors' decisions when presentation mode and evidence strength are varied

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 624-664

  Heath, Wendy P ^a   Grannemann, Bruce D ^b   Peacock, Michelle A ^a,c  

^a RIDER UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

^c DREXEL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 2642553338     PISSN: 00219029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02563.x     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Abell, J. (1991, March 17). "Black widow" trial titillates New Hampshire. San Francisco Examiner, p. A6.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Andersen, G., Verstergaard, K., & Riis, J. O. (1993). Citalopram for post-stroke pathological crying. The Lancet, 342, 837-839.
4. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
5. Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.
6. Blumenthal, J. A. (1993). A wipe of the hands, a lick of the lips: The validity of demeanor evidence in assessing witness credibility. Nebraska Law Review, 72, 1157-1204.
7. Bond, C. F., Omar, A., Pitre, U., Lashley, B. R., Skaggs, L. M., & Kirk, C. T. (1992). Fishy-looking liars: Deception judgment from expectancy violation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 969-977.
8. Bornstein, B. H. (1999). The ecological validity of jury simulations: Is the jury still out? Law and Human Behavior, 23, 75-91.
9. Both sides discouraged by Menendez mistrials. (1994, January 30). The Trenton Times, p. A8.
10. Broverman, I. K., Vogel, S. R., Broverman, D. M., Clarkson, F. E., & Rosenkrantz, P. S. (1972). Sex-role stereotypes: A current appraisal. Journal of Social Issues, 28, 59-78.
11. Butler, B. M., & Foley, L. A. (1998, March). Impact of rape victim demeanor and occupational dress on individual and juror decisions. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the American Psychology-Law Society, Redondo Beach, CA.
12. Call, J. A. (1985, March). Psychology in litigation: How to prepare witnesses and select jurors. Trial, 21, 48-57.
13. Cattell, R. B. (1978). The scientific use of factor analysis in behavioral and life sciences. New York, NY: Plenum.
14. Cattell, R. B., & Vogelman, S. (1977). A comprehensive trial of the scree and KG criteria for determining the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 12, 289-325.
15. Convis, C. L. (1983). Testifying about testimony: Psychological evidence on perceptual and memory factors affecting the credibility of testimony. Duquesne Law Review, 21, 579-603.
16. Cooper, J., Bennett, E. A., & Sukel, H. L. (1996). Complex scientific testimony: How do jurors make decisions? Law and Human Behavior, 20, 379-394.
17. Cretser, G. A., Lombardo, W. K., Lombardo, B., & Mathis, S. (1982). Reactions to men and women who cry: A study of sex differences in perceived societal attitudes versus personal attitudes. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55, 479-486.
18. DePaulo, B. M., Rosenthal, R., Eisenstat, R. A., Rogers, P. L., & Finkelstein, S. (1978). Decoding discrepant nonverbal cues. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 313-323.
19. Douglas, J., & Newkirk, J. (1985, April 11). Mom killed baby, police say. Houston Post, pp. 1A-2A.
20. Ekman, P., O'Sullivan, M. O., & Frank, M. G. (1999). A few can catch a liar. Psychological Science, 10, 263-266.
21. Engebretsen, B., & Olson, J. W. (1975). Primary care in a penal institution: A study of health care problems encountered. Medical Care, 13, 775-781.
22. Fed. R. Evid. 802.
23. Feldman, R. S., & Chesley, R. B. (1984). Who is lying, who is not: An attributional analysis of the effects of nonverbal behavior on judgments of defendant believability. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 2, 451-460.
24. Frijda, N. H., Ortony, A., Sonnemans, J., & Clore, G. L. (1992). The complexity of intensity: Issues concerning the structure of emotion intensity. In M. S. Clark (Ed.), Review of personality and social psychology (Vol. 13, pp. 60-89). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
25. Geimer, W. S., & Amsterdam, J. (1988). Why jurors vote life or death: Operative factors in ten Florida death penalty cases. American Journal of Criminal Law, 15, 1-54.
26. Hans, V. P., & Vidmar, N. (1986). Judging the jury. New York, NY: Plenum.
27. Izard, C. E. (1977). Human emotions. New York, NY: Plenum.
28. Juhnke, R., Vought, C., Pyszczynski, T. A., Dane, F. C., Losure, B. D., & Wrightsman, L. S. (1979). Effects of presentation mode upon mock jurors' reactions to a trial. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 5, 36-39.
29. Kalven, H., Jr., & Zeisel, H. (1966). The American jury. Boston, MA: Little, Brown, and Co.
30. Kerr, N. L., MacCoun, R. J., & Kramer, G. P. (1996). Bias in judgment: Comparing individuals and groups. Psychological Review, 103, 687-719.
31. Kring, A. M., & Gordon, A. H. (1998). Sex differences in emotion: Expression, experience, and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 686-703.
32. Labott, S. M., Martin, R. B., Eason, P. S., & Berkey, E. Y. (1991). Social reactions to the expression of emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 5, 397-417.
33. Larrabee, J. (1991, March 20). Deadly love affair has nation enthralled. USA Today, p. 3A.
34. Larsen, R. J., & Diener, E. (1987). Affect intensity as an individual difference characteristic: A review. Journal of Research in Personality, 21, 1-39.
35. Loeterman, B. (Producer). (1997). What Jennifer saw. Boston, MA: WGBH/Frontline.
36. MacCoun, R. J., & Kerr, N. L. (1988). Asymmetric influence in mock jury deliberation: Jurors' bias for leniency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 21-33.
37. Maier, N. R. F., & Thurber, J. A. (1968). Accuracy of judgments of deception when an interview is watched, heard, and read. Personnel Psychology, 21, 23-30.
38. Miller, G. R., & Burgoon, J. K. (1982). Factors affecting assessments of witness credibility. In N. L. Kerr & R. M. Bray (Eds.), The psychology of the courtroom (pp. 169-194). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
39. Mulaik, S. A., James, L. R., Van Alstine, J., Bennett, N., Lind, S., & Stilwell, C. D. (1989). Evaluation of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 430-445.
40. People v. Menendez, Docket #BA068880 (Cal. Super. Ct., 1994).
41. People v. Menendez, Docket #BA068880 (Cal. Super. Ct., 1996).
42. Perlin, M. L. (1994). The sanist lives of jurors in death penalty cases: The puzzling role of "mitigating" mental disability evidence. Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics, and Public Policy, 8, 239-279.
43. Ratneshwar, S., & Chaiken, S. (1991). Comprehension's role in persuasion: The case of its moderating effect on the persuasive impact of source cues. Journal of Consumer Research, 18, 52-62.
44. Reskin, B. F., & Visher, C. A. (1986). The impacts of evidence and extralegal factors in jurors' decisions. Law and Society Review, 20, 423-438.
45. Riggins v. Nevada, 112 S. Ct. 1810, 1819 (1992).
46. Robinson, D. T., Smith-Lovin, L., & Tsoudis, O. (1994). Heinous crime or unfortunate accident? The effects of remorse on responses to mock criminal confessions. Social Forces, 73, 175-190.
47. Rotenberg, K. J., Simourd, L., & Moore, D. (1989). Children's use of a verbal-nonverbal consistency principle to infer truth and lying. Child Development, 60, 309-322.
48. Rubin, B. (1967). Political television. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
49. Rumsey, M. G. (1976). Effects of defendant background and remorse on sentencing judgments. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 6, 64-68.
50. Salekin, R. T., Ogloff, J. R. P., McFarland, C., & Rogers, R. (1995). Influencing jurors' perceptions of guilt: Expression of emotion during testimony. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 13, 293-305.
51. Savitsky, J. C., & Sim, M. E. (1974, Summer). Trading emotions: Equity theory of reward and punishment. Journal of Communication, 24, 140-146.
52. State v. Pitts, Docket # 422-888 (263rd Dist. Ct., Houston, Tex., 1985).
53. State v. Smart (N.H. 1991/1993), aff'd 622A. 2d. 1197 (N.H. 1993).
54. Sue, S., Smith, R. E., & Caldwell, C. (1973). Effects of inadmissible evidence on the decisions of simulated jurors: A moral dilemma. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 3, 345-353.
55. Tsoudis, O., & Smith-Lovin, L. (1998). How bad was it? The effects of victim and perpetrator emotion on responses to criminal court vignettes. Social Forces, 77, 695-722.
56. Van Camp, J. (1978, April). Preparing the criminal defense case. Trial, 14, 38-41.
57. Weiten, W., & Diamond, S. S. (1979). A critical review of the jury simulations paradigm: The case of defendant characteristics. Law and Human Behavior, 3, 71-93.
58. Wellborn, O. G., III. (1991). Demeanor. Cornell Law Review, 76, 1075-1105.
59. Wrightsman, L. S., Greene, E., Nietzel, M. T., & Fortune, W. H. (2002). Psychology and the legal system (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
60. Zientek, M. (1992). Riggins v. Nevada: Medicated defendants and courtroom demeanor from the jury's perspective. American Criminal Law Review, 30, 215-237.
61. Zuckerman, M., DePaulo, B. M., & Rosenthal, R. (1981). Verbal and nonverbal communication of deception. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 14, 1-59.