How bad was it? The effects of victim and perpetrator emotion on responses to criminal court vignettes

Social Forces

Volumn 77, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 695-722

  Tsoudis, Olga ^a   Smith Lovin, Lynn ^b  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032267739     PISSN: 00377732     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/sf/77.2.695     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Aderman, David, Sharon Brehm and Lawrence Katz. 1974. "Empathic Observation of an Innocent Victim: The Just World Revisited." Journal of Personality and Social Behavior 29:342-47.
2. Anthony, Susan. 1976. "The Attribution of Responsibility for the Outcome of an Interpersonal Interaction." Journal of Psychology 93:85-91.
3. Batson, Daniel. 1981. "Is Empathic Emotion a Source of Altruistic Motivation?" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40:290-302.
4. Becker, Howard S. 1963. Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. Free Press.
5. Black, Donald 1976. The Behavior of Law. Academic Press.
6. _. 1984. "Social Control as a Dependent Variable." Pp. 1-36 in Toward a General Theory of Social Control, edited by Donald Black. Academic Press.
7. _. 1989. Sociological Justice. Oxford University Press.
8. _. 1993. The Social Structure of Right and Wrong. Academic Press.
9. _. 1995. "The Epistemology of Pure Sociology." Law and Social Inquiry 20:829-70.
10. Blum-Kulka, Shoshana, Juliane House and Gabriele Kasper (eds.). 1989. Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Vol. 31 of Advances in Discourse Processes, edited by R.O. Freedle. Ablex Publishing Corporation.
11. Blumstein, Alfred, Jacqueline Cohen, Susan E. Marton and Michael H. Tonry (eds.). 1983. Research on Sentencing: Search for Reform. National Academy Press.
12. Chaikin, Alan and John Darley. 1973. "Victim or Perpetrator?: Defensive Attribution of Responsibility." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 25:268-75.
13. Coller, Sarah and Patricia Resick. 1987. "Women's Attributions of Responsibility of Date Rape: The Influence of Empathy and Sex-Role Stereotyping." Violence and Victims 2:115-25.
14. Darby, Bruce W., and Barry R. Schlenker. 1982. "Children's Reactions to Apologies." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 43:742-53.
15. Deitz, Sheila, and Lynne Byrnes. 1981. "Attribution of Responsibility for Sexual Assaults: The Influence of Observer Empathy and Defendant Occupation and Attractiveness." Journal of Psychology 108:17-29.
16. Drass, Kriss A., and J. William Spencer. 1987. "Accounting for Sentencing Recommendations: Typologies and Probation Officers' Theory of Office." Social Problems 34:1059-75.
17. Dunning, David A. Situational Construal and Sources of Social Judgment. Dissertation Abstracts International 1987, 48 (2-B): 596.
18. Erez, Edna and Pamela Tontodonato. 1990. "The Effect of Victim Participation in Sentencing on Sentence Outcome." Criminology 28:451-74.
19. Everett, Ronald S., and Barbara C. Nienstedt. 1992. "Rationality and Remorse in Sentence Reduction: Competing Influences or is Saying You're Sorry Enough?" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, New Orleans.
20. Gleason, James and Victor Harris. 1976. "Perceived Freedom, Accident Severity, and Empathic Values as Determinants of the Attribution of Responsibility." Social Behavior and Personality 4:171-76.
21. Goffman, Erving. 1971. Relations in Public. Harper & Row.
22. Heise, David R. 1979. Understanding Events: Affect and the Construction of Social Action. Cambridge University Press.
23. Heise, David R. 1991. Interact 2: A Computer Program for Studying Cultural Meanings and Social Interactions. Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington.
24. Heise, David R., and Lisa Thomas. 1989. "Predicting Impressions Created by Combinations of Emotion and Social Identity." Social Psychology Quarterly 52:141-48.
25. Hembroff, Larry A. 1987. "The Seriousness of Acts and Social Contexts: A Test of Black's Theory of the Behavior of Law." American Journal of Sociology 93:322-47.
26. Holmes, J. 1989. "Sex Differences and Apologies: One Aspect of Communicative Competence." Applied Linguistics 10:194-213.
27. Jöreskog, Karl G., and Dag Sörbom. 1996. IBM RS6000 LISREL 8.12 Scientific Chicago, Illinois: Software International Inc.
28. Karasawa, Kaori. 1995. "An Attributional Analysis of Reactions to Negative Emotions." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21:456-67.
29. Kemper, Theodore D. and Randall Collins. 1990. "Dimensions of Microinteraction." American Journal of Sociology 96:32-68.
30. Lazowski, Linda E. 1987. "Speakers' Nonverbal expressions of emotion as moderators of listeners' reactions to disclosure of self harm and social harm." Ph.d. diss., University of California, Santa Barbara.
31. Lincoln, Alan, and George Levinger. 1972. "Observer's Evaluations of the Victim and The Attacker in an Aggressive Incident." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 22: 202-10.
32. MacKinnon, Neil J. 1994. Symbolic Interaction as Affect Control. SUNY Press.
33. Morrill, Calvin, and Peter C. Facciola. 1992. "The Power of Language in Adjudication and Mediation: Institutional Contexts as Predictors of Social Evaluation." Law and Social Inquiry 17:191-212.
34. Morrill, Calvin, Ellen Synderman and Edwin J. Dawson. 1997 "It's Not What You Do, but Who You Are: Informal Social Control, Social Status and Normative Seriousness in Organizations." Sociological Forum 12:519-43.
35. Ohbuchi, Ken-ichi, Masayo Kameda, and Nariyuki Agarie. 1989. "Apology as Aggression Control: Its Role in Mediating Appraisal of and Response to Harm." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56:219-27.
36. Osgood, Charles E., George C. Suci, and Perry H. Tannenbaum. 1957. The Measurement of Meaning. University of Illinois Press.
37. Osgood, Charles E., William H. May and Murray S. Miron. 1975. Cross-cultural Universals of Affective Meaning. University of Illinois Press.
38. Rashotte, Lisa S. 1998 Nonverbal Behaviors in Social Interaction: An Extension to Affect Control Theory. Ph.d. diss., University of Arizona.
39. Riordan, Catherine A., Nancy A. Marlin, and Ronald T. Kellog. 1983. "The Effectiveness of Accounts Following Transgression." Social Psychology Quarterly 46:213-19.
40. Robinson, Dawn T. 1991. The Role of Emotion Communication in Identity Negotiation. Ph.D. diss., Cornell University.
41. Robinson, Dawn T., and Linda Lazowski. 1990. "The Role of Emotions in Identity Negotiation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association.
42. Robinson, Dawn, Lynn Smith-Lovin and Olga Tsoudis, 1994. "Heinous Crime or Unfortunate Accident? The Effects of Remorse on Responses to Mock Criminal Confessions." Social Forces 73:175-90.
43. Scher, Steven J. 1989a. "The Effects of a Changing Apology Structure." Paper presented at the meetings of the Midwestern Psychological Association.
44. _. 1989b. The Effects of Apologies and Apology Structure on Social Perception and Social Action. Unpublished Ph.D. diss. Princeton University.
45. Scher, Steven J., and John M. Darley. 1997a. "Functioning of Apologies: Test of a Mediational Model?" Unpublished paper.
46. _. 1997b. "How Effective are the Things That People Say to Apologize? Effects of the Realization of the Apology Speech Act." Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 26:127-40.
47. Simmons, Carolyn and Melvin Lerner. 1968. "Altruism as a Search for Justice." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 9:216-225.
48. Smith-Lovin, L. 1990. "Emotion as a Confirmation and Disconfirmation of Identity: An Affect Control Model." Pp. 238-270 in Research Agendas in Emotions, edited by Theodore D. Kemper. SUNY Press.
49. Smith-Lovin, Lynn, and David R. Heise. 1982. "A Structural Equation Model of Impression Formation." Pp. 195-221 in Multivariate Applications in the Social Sciences, edited by Nancy Hirschberg and Lloyd G. Humphreys. Lawrence Erlbaum.
50. Smith-Lovin, Lynn and David R. Heise. 1988. Analyzing Social Interaction: Advances in Affect Control Theory. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.
51. Spencer, Jack W. 1983. "Accounts, Attitudes and Solutions: Probation-Officer-Defendant Negotiations of Subjective Orientations." Social Problems 30:570-81.
52. Tavuchis, Nicholas. 1991. Mea Culpa: A Sociology of Apology and Reconciliation. Stanford University Press.
53. Von Hirsch, Andrew, and Hyman Gross (eds.). 1981. Sentencing. Oxford Press.
54. Weiner, Bernard. 1980. "A Cognitive (Attributional)-Emotion-Action Model of Motivated Behavior: An Analysis of Judgments of Help-giving." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39:186-200.
55. Weiner, Bernard. 1986. An Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion. Springer-Verlag.
56. Wispe, Lauren. 1991. The Psychology of Sympathy. Plenum Press.