Spectroscopic imaging through magnetic resonance for brain tumour diagnostics: Recent achievements, dilemmas and potential solutions via advances in signal processing

Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering

Volumn 4, Issue 1-2, 2004, Pages 157-207

  Belkic, Karen ^a,b   Belkic, Dževad ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

biomedical imaging; Brain tumours; magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging; magnetic resonance spectroscopy; metastatic disease

Indexed keywords

DECISION MAKING; DIAGNOSIS; FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS; GRADING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNETISM; MEDICAL IMAGING; METABOLITES; ONCOLOGY; TUMORS;

BIOMEDICAL IMAGING; BRAIN TUMOURS; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPIES (MRS); METABOLITE CONCENTRATIONS; METASTATIC DISEASE;

BRAIN;

EID: 24644478836     PISSN: 14727978     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3233/jcm-2004-41-218     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (134)

1. D. Savitz and D. Trichopoulos, Brain Cancer, in: Textbook of Cancer Epidemiology, H.O. Adami, D. Hunter and D. Trichopoulos, eds, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002, pp. 486-503.
2. V.A. Levin, S.A. Leibel and P.H. Gutin, Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System, in: Cancer Principles & Practice of Oncology, 6th Ed., V.T. de Vita, S. Hellman and S.A. Rosenberg, eds, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2001, pp. 2100-2160.
3. S.M. Sagar and M.A. Israel, Primary and metastatic tumors of the nervous system, in: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, (15th Ed.), E. Braunwald, A. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, D.L. Longo and J.L. Jameson, eds, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001, pp. 2442-2452.
4. M. Blettner, H. Zeeb, A. Auvinen et al., Mortality from cancer and other causes among male airline cockpit crew in Europe, Int. J. Cancer 106 (2003), 946-952.
5. E. Pukkala, RAspholm,AAuvinen et al., Incidence of cancer among Nordic airline pilots over five decades: occupational cohort study, BMJ 325 (2002), 567.
6. M.K. Lim, Cosmic rays: are air crew at risk Occup. Environ. Med. 59 (2002), 428-432.
7. M.K. Hansson, L. Hardell, M. Kundi and M.O. Mattsson, Mobile telephones and cancer: is there really no evidence of an association Int. J. Molecular Medicine 12 (2003), 67-72.
8. L. Hardell, K.H. Mild and M. Carlberg, Case-control study on the use of cellular and cordless phones and the risk for malignant brain tumours, Int. J. Radiat. Biology 78 (2002), 931-936.
9. P.D. Inskip, R.E. Tarone, E.E. Hatch et al., Cellular-telephone use and brain tumors, N. Engl. J. Med. 344 (2001), 79-86.
10. M. Huncharek, B. Kupelnick and L. Wheeler, Dietary cured meat and the risk of adult glioma, J. Environ. Pathology, Toxicology & Oncology 22 (2003), 129-137.
11. B.S. Jhawar, C.S. Fuchs, G.A. Colditz and M.J. Stampfer, Sex steroid hormone exposures and risk for meningioma, J. Neurosurgery 99 (2003), 848-853.
12. D. Baris, G. Gridley, E, Ron et al., Acromegaly and cancer risk: a cohort study in Sweden and Denmark, Cancer Causes & Control 13 (2002), 395-400.
13. J.C. Tamraz, C. Outin, M.F. Secca and B. Soussi, MRI Principles of the Head, Skull Base and Spine: A Clinical Approach, Springer, Paris, 2003.
14. A.E. Li and D.A. Bluemke, Magnetic Resonance Imaging in: Cancer Principles & Practice of Oncology, (6th Ed.), V.T. de Vita, S. Hellman and S.A. Rosenberg, eds, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2001, pp. 669-679.
15. J.B. Fiebach, P.D. Schellinger, A. Gass et al., Stroke magnetic resonance imaging is accurate in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage; A Multicenter study on the validity of stroke imaging, Stroke 35 (2004), 502-507.
16. D.H. Lowenstein, Seizures and epilepsy, in: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, (15th Ed.), E. Braunwald, A. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, D.L. Longo and J.L. Jameson, eds, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001, pp. 2354-2369.
17. L.A. Brandaõ and R.C. Domingues, MR Spectroscopy of the Brain, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2004.
18. N.H. Raskin and S.J. Peroutka, Headache, including migraine and cluster headache, in: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, (15th Ed.), E. Braunwald, A. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, D.L. Longo and J.L. Jameson, eds, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001, pp. 70-79.
19. B.E. Pollock, P.D. Brown, R.L. Foote et al., Properly selected patients with multiple brain metastases may benefit from aggressive treatment of their intracranial disease, J. Neuro-Oncology 61 (2003), 73-80.
20. K. Belkic, Magnetic resonant spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging: A review of basic principles and recent achievements in oncology, J. Com. Meth. Sci. Eng. 3 (2003), 505-533.
21. J.B. Fiebach and P.D. Schellinger, Stroke MRI, Springer, Darmstadt, 2003.
22. S. Gudowius, V. Engelbrecht, M.M. Junger et al., Diagnostic difficulties in childhood bilateral thalamic astrocytomas, Neuropediatrics 33 (2002), 331-335.
23. J. Walecki, E. Tarasow, B. Kubas et al., Hydrogen-1 MR spectroscopy of the peritumoral zone in patients with cerebral glioma: assessment of the value of the method, Acta Radiol 10 (2003), 145-153.
24. O. Kadota, K. Kohno, S. Ohue et al., Discrimination of brain abscess and cystic tumor by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) 41 (2001), 121-126.
25. T.R. McKnight, M.H. van dem Bussche, D.B. Vigneron et al., Histopathological validation of a three-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy index as a predictor of tumor presence, J. Neurosurg. 97 (2002), 794-802.
26. D. Vigneron, A. Bollen, M. McDermott et al., Three-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of histologically confirmed brain tumors, Magn. Reson. Imaging 19 (2001), 89-101.
27. M.A. Brown and R.C. Semelka, MRI Basic Principles and Applications, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999.
28. A. Romano, A. Bozzao, M. Bonamini et al., Diffusion-weighted MR imaging: clinical applications in neuroradiology, Radiol. Med. 106 (2003), 521-548.
29. K. Sartor, M. Hartmann, J. Fiebach, et al., Normal and abnormal water diffusion in the brain, Rofo. Fortschr. Geb. Rontgenstr. Neuen Bildgeb. Verfahr. 175 (2003), 1317-1329.
30. M. Nakaiso, M. Uno, M. Harada et al., Brain abscess and glioblastoma identified by combined proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-two case reports, Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) 42 (2002), 346-348.
31. N. Bulakbasi, M. Kocaoglu, F. Ors et al., Combination of single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy and apparent diffusion coefficient calculation in the evaluation of common brain tumors, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 24 (2003), 255-233.
32. F.A. Howe and K.S. Opstad, 1H spectroscopy of brain tumours and masses, NMR Biomed. 16 (2003), 123-131.
33. S.J. Nelson, Multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain tumors, Mol. Cancer Ther. 2 (2003), 497-507.
34. V. Govindaraju, K.Young and A.A. Maudsley, ProtonNMRchemical shifts and coupling constants for brain metabolites, NMR Biomed. 13 (2000), 129-153.
35. P.E. Sijens and M. Oudkerk, 1H chemical shift imaging characterization of human brain tumor and edema, Euro. Radiol. 12 (2002), 2056-2061.
36. M. Utriainen, M. Komu, V. Vuorinen et al., Evaluation of brain tumor metabolism with 11C choline PET and 1H-MRS, J. Neuroooncol. 62 (2003), 329-338.
37. D. Croteau, L. Scarpace, D. Hearshen et al., Correlation between magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging and image-guided biopsies: Semiquantitative and qualitative histopathological analyses of patients with untreated glioma, Neurosurgery 49 (2001), 823-829.
38. C. Dowling, A.W. Bollen, S.M. Noworolski et al., Preoperative proton MR spectroscopic imaging of brain tumors: correlation with histopathologic analysis of resection specimens, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 22 (2001), 604-612.
39. E. Saraf-Lavi, B.C. Bowen, P.M. Pattany et al., Proton MR spectroscopy of gliomatosis cerebri: case report of elevated myoinositol with normal choline levels, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 24 (2003), 946-951.
40. T. Isobe, A. Matsumura, I. Anno et al., Quantification of cerebral metabolites in glioma patients with proton MR spectroscopy using T2 relaxation time correction, Magn. Reson. Imaging 20 (2002), 343-349.
41. G. Fan, B. Sun, Z. Wu et al., In vivo single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy in the differentiation of high-grade gliomas and solitary metastases, Clin. Radiol. 59 (2004), 77-85.
42. A.M. Saindane, S. Cha, M. Lawet al., ProtonMRspectroscopy of tumefactive demyelinating lesions, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 23 (2002), 1378-1386.
43. R. Tarnawski, M. Sokol, P. Pieniazek et al., 1H-MRS in vivo predicts the early treatment outcome of postoperative radiotherapy for malignant gliomas, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 52 (2002), 1271-1276.
44. J.K. Smith, A. Londono, M. Castillo and L. Kwock, Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain-stem lesions, Neuroradiology 44 (2002), 825-829.
45. I. Barba, A. Moreno, I.M. Perez et al., Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain hemangiopericytomas: high myoinositol concentrations and discrimination from meningiomas, J. Neurosurg. 94 (2001), 55-60.
46. R.N. Sener, Astroblastoma: diffusion MRI, and proton MR spectroscopy, Comput. Med. Imaging Graph. 26 (2002), 187-191.
47. A.P. Lin and B.D. Ross, Short-echo time proton MR spectroscopy in the presence of gadolinium, J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 25 (2001), 705-712.
48. M. Murphy, D.J.O. McIntyre, H. Marsh et al., Two-dimensional chemical shift imaging (2D-CSI) for surveillance of low grade astrocytomas, MAGMA 15(Suppl.1) (2002), 146-147.
49. E.R. Danielsen and B. Ross, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Diagnosis of Neurological Diseases, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1999.
50. T. Kimura, K. Sako, T. Gotoh et al., In vivo single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy in brain lesions with ring-like enhancement, NMR Biomed. 14 (2001), 339-349.
51. B. Kubas, E. Tarasow,W. Dzienis et al., Magnetic resonance proton spectroscopy in neurooncology-preliminary report, Neurol. Neurochir. Pol. 35(Suppl 5) (2001), 90-100.
52. W. Moller-Hartmann, S. Herminghaus, T. Krings et al., Clinical application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis of intracranial mass lesions, Neuroradiology 44 (2002), 371-381.
53. D.J. Butteriss, A. Ismail, D.W. Ellison and D. Birchall, Use of serial proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to differentiate low-grade glioma from tumefactive plaque in a patient with multiple sclerosis, Br. J. Radiol. 76 (2003), 662-665.
54. M. Murphy, A. Loosemore, A.G. Clifton et al., The contribution of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) to clinical brain tumour diagnosis, Br. J. Neurosurg. 16 (2002), 329-334.
55. M. Castillo, J.K. Smith and L. Kwock, Correlation of myo-inositol levels and grading of cerebral astrocytomas, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 21 (2000), 1645-1649.
56. X. Li, Y. Lu, A. Pirzkall et al., Analysis of the spatial characteristics of metabolic abnormalities in newly diagnosed glioma patients, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 16 (2002), 229-237.
57. L. Kwock, J.K. Smith, M. Castillo et al., Clinical applications of proton MR spectroscopy in oncology, Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 1 (2002), 17-28.
58. A.A. Tzika, L.G. Astrakas, M.K. Zarifi et al., Multiparametric MRassessment of pediatric brain tumors, Neuroradiology 45 (2003), 1-10.
59. M. Kaminogo, H. Ishimaru, M. Morikawa et al., Diagnostic potential of short echo timeMRspectroscopy of gliomas with single-voxel and point-resolved spatially localised proton spectroscopy of brain, Neuroradiology 43 (2001), 353-363.
60. D. Spielman, in vivo proton MRspectroscopy: basic principles and clinical applications, Section for Magnetic Radiation Technologists Educational Seminar 3 (2000), 19-37.
61. S.J. Nelson, T.R. McKnight and R.G. Henry, Characterization of untreated gliomas by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. 12 (2002), 599-613.
62. M. Rijpkema, J. Schuuring, Y. van der Meulen et al., Characterization of oligodenodrogliomas using short echo time 1H MR spectroscopic imaging, NMR Biomed. 16 (2003), 12-18.
63. K. Zakrzewski, J. Kreisel, L. Polis et al., Clinical application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for differential diagnosis of pediatric posterior fossa tumors, Neurol. Neurochir. Pol. 35(Suppl 5) (2001), 19-25.
64. S. Herminghaus, T. Dierks, U. Pilatus et al., Determination of histopathological tumor grade in neuroepithelial brain tumors by using spectral pattern analysis of in vivo spectroscopic data, J. Neurosurg. 98 (2003), 74-81.
65. R. Nafe, S. Herminghaus, P. Raab et al., Preoperative proton-MR spectroscopy of gliomas-correlation with quantitative nuclear morphology in surgical specimen, J. Neurooncol. 63 (2003), 233-245.
66. H. Kugel, W. Heindel, R.I. Ernestus et al., Human brain tumors: spectral patterns detected with localized 1H-MR spectroscopy, Radiology 183 (1992), 701-709.
67. P.S. Murphy, I.J. Rowland, L. Viviers et al., Could assessment of glioma methylene lipid resonance by in vivo 1H-MRS be of clinical value Br. J. Radiol. 76 (2003), 459-463.
68. M.C. Martinez-Bisbal, B. Celdo-Munoz, L. Marti-Bonmati et al., Contribution ofMRSto the classification of high-grade gliomas, The predictive value of macromolecules, Rev. Neurol. 34 (2002), 309-313.
69. E.T.S. Smith, K. Tyler and K. Das, Can 2 minute duration single voxel proton MR spectroscopy be used successfully in routine clinical neuroradiological practice to grade cerebral gliomas MAGMA 15(Suppl 1), (2002), 146.
70. C. Majós, J. Alonso, C. Aguilera et al., Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) of human brain tumours: assessment of differences between tumour types and its applicability in brain tumour categorization, Eur. Radiol. 13 (2003), 582-591.
71. A. van den Boogaart, Quantitative data analysis of in vivo MRS data sets, Magn. Reson. Chem. 35 (1997), S146-S152.
72. D. Galanaud, O. Chinot, F. Nicoli et al., Use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain to differentiate gliomatosis cerebri from low-grade glioma, J. Neurosurg. 98 (2003), 260-276.
73. D. Maintz,W. Heindel, H.Kugel et al., Phosphorus-31 MRspectroscopy of normal adult human brain and brain tumours, NMR Biomed 15 (2002), 18-27.
74. A. Del Sole, A. Falini, L. Ravasi et al., Anatomical and biochemical investigation of primary brain tumours, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 28 (2001), 1851-1872.
75. Y.D. Cho, G.H. Choi, S.P. Lee and J.K. Kim, 1H-MRS metabolic patterns for distinguishing between meningiomas and other brain tumors, Magn. Reson. Imaging 21 (2003), 663-672.
76. C. Majós, J. Alonso, C. Aguilera et al., Adult primitive neuroectodermal tumor: proton MR spectroscopic findings with possible application for differential diagnosis, Radiology 225 (2002), 556-566.
77. C. Majós, J. Alonso, C. Aguilera et al., Utility of proton MR spectroscopy in the diagnosis of radiologically atypical intracranial meningiomas, Neuroradiology 45 (2003), 129-136.
78. F.A. Howe, S.J. Barton, S.A. Cudlip et al., Metabolic profiles of human brain tumors using quantitative in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Magn. Reson. Med. 49 (2003), 223-232.
79. L. Vanhamme, A. van den Boogart and S. van Huffel, Improved method for accurate and efficient quantification of MRS data with use of prior knowledge, J. Magn. Reson. 29 (1997), 35-43.
80. K.S. Opstad, S.W. Provencher, B.A. Bell et al., Detection of elevated glutathione in meningiomas by quantitative in vivo 1H MRS, Magn. Reson. Med. 49 (2003), 632-637.
81. S.W. Provencher, Automatic quantitation of localized in vivo 1H spectra with LCModel, NMR Biomed 14 (2001), 260-264.
82. A.R. Tate, C. Majós, A. Moreno et al., Automated classification of short echo time in in vivo 1H brain tumor spectra: a Multicenter Study, Magn. Reson. Med. 49 (2003), 29-36.
83. M. Law, S. Cha, E.A. Knopp et al., High-grade gliomas and solitary metastases: differentiation by using perfusion and proton spectroscopic MR imaging, Radiology 222 (2002), 715-721.
84. W.A. Hall, A. Martin, H. Liu and C.L. Truwit, Improving diagnostic yield in brain biopsy: coupling spectroscopic targeting with real-time needle placement, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 13 (2001), 12-15.
85. W.A. Hall, H. Liu, R.E. Maxwell and C.L. Truwit, Influence of 1.5 tesla intraoperative MR imaging on surgical decision-making, Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 85 (2003), 29-37.
86. H. Liu, W.A. Hall, A.J. Martin and C.L. Truwit, An efficient chemical shift-imaging scheme for magnetic resonanceguided neurosurgery, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 14 (2001), 1-7.
87. A. Pirzkall, S.J. Nelson, T.R. McKnight et al., Metabolic imaging of low-grade gliomas with three-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 53 (2002), 1254-1264.
88. S.J. Nelson, E. Graves, A. Pirzkall et al., In vivo molecular imaging for planning radiation therapy of gliomas: an application of 1H MRSI, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 16 (2002), 464-476.
89. M. Orszagh and C.B. Ostertag, Comment to Neurosurgery 49 (2001), 829.
90. E.E. Graves, S.J. Nelson, D.B. Vigneron et al., Serial proton MR spectroscopic imaging of recurrent malignant gliomas after gamma knife radiosurgery, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 22 (2001), 613-624.
91. R. Lodi, E. Setola, C. Tonon et al., Gliomatosis cerebri: clinical, neurochemical and neuroradiological response to temozolomide administration, Magn. Reson. Imaging 21 (2003), 1003-1007.
92. A.A. Tzika, D. Zurakowski, T.Y. Poussaint et al., Proton magnetic spectroscopic imaging of the child's brain: the response of tumors to treatment, Neuroradiology 43 (2001), 169-177.
93. J.Walecki, E. Tarasow, B. Kubas et al., Hydrogen-1 MR spectroscopy of the peri-tumoral zone in patients with cerebral glioma: assessment of the value of the method, Acta Radiol. 10 (2003), 145-153.
94. R.A. Kauppinen, Monitoring cytotoxic tumor treatment response by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and proton spectroscopy, NMR Biomed. 15 (2002), 6-17.
95. F.W. Floeth, H.J.Wittsack, V. Engelbrecht and F.Weber, Comparative follow-up of enhancement phenomena with MRI and Proton MR Spectroscopic Imaging after intralesional immunotherapy in glioblastoma-Report of two exceptional cases, Zentralbl. Neurochir. 63 (2002), 23-28.
96. T. Kimura, K. Sako, Y. Tohyama et al., Diagnosis and treatment of progressive space-occupying radiation necrosis following stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis: value of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Acta Neurchir. (Wien) 145 (2003), 557-564.
97. H.P. Schlemmer, P. Bachert, M. Henze et al., Differentiation of radiation necrosis from tumor progression using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Neuroradiology 44 (2002), 216-222.
98. J.D. Rabinov, P.L. Lee, F.G. Barker et al., In vivo 3-T MR spectroscopy in the distinction of recurrent glioma versus radiation effects: Initial experience, Radiology 225 (2002), 871-879.
99. S.H. Ng, S.F. Ko, W.C. Chen et al., Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cerebral glioma after irradiation, Chang Gung Med. J. 24 (2001), 708-716.
100. F. Traber,W. Block, S. Flacke et al., 1H-MR spectroscopy of brain tumors in the course of radiation therapy: use of fast spectroscopic imaging and single-voxel spectroscopy for diagnosing recurrence, Rofo. Forschr. Geb. Rontgenstr. Neuen Bildgeb. Verfahr. 174 (2002), 33-42.
101. Y.E. Kuznetsov, Z. Caramanos, S.B. Antel et al., Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging can predict length of survival in patients with supratentorial gliomas, Neurosurgery 53 (2003), 565-576.
102. A.A. Tzika, L.G. Astrakas, M.K. Zarifi et al., Spectroscopic and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging predictors of progression in pediatric brain tumors, Cancer 15 (2004), 1246-1256.
103. Dz. Belkic, Fast Padé transform for magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography, Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A. 471 (2001), 165-169.
104. Dz. Belkic, Exact analytical expressions for any Lorentzian spectrum in the Fast Padé transform (FPT), J. Com. Meth. Sci. Eng. 3 (2003), 109-186.
105. Y. Huang, P.J.G. Lisboa and W.E. Deredy, Tumour grading from magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a comparison of feature extraction with variable selection, Statist. Med. 22 (2003), 147-164.
106. U. Klose, 1HMR spectroscopy at 3T: improvements and limits; 20th Annual Meeting ESMRMB, Rotterdam, September 18 (2003).
107. S. Gruber, V. Mlynárik and E. Moser, High-resolution 3D proton spectroscopic imaging of the human brain at 3T: SNR issues and application for anatomy-matched voxel sizes, Magn. Reson. Med. 49 (2003), 299-306.
108. I. Tkác, P. Andersen, G. Adriany et al., In vivo 1H NMR spectroscopy of the human brain at 7T, Magn. Reson. Med. 46 (2001), 451-456.
109. C. Arús, Tumours and spectroscopy, MAGMA 15 (Suppl. 1), (2002), 38.
110. S.W. Provencher, Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra, Magn. Reson. Med. 30 (1993), 672-679.
111. Dz. Belkic, Non-Fourier based reconstruction techniques, MAGMA 15(Suppl. 1) (2002), 36-37.
112. D. Belkic, Padé-based Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), J. Com. Meth. Sci. Eng. 3 (2003), 563-733.
113. D. Belkic, Fast Padé Transform (FPT) as opposed to conventional fitting for signal and image processing, International Conference on Imaging Techniques in Subatomic Physics, Astrophysics, Medicine, Biology and Industry-Book of Abstracts, Stockholm, June 24-27, 2003, p. 103.
114. E.J. Novotny, R.K. Fulbright, P.L. Pearl et al., Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of neurotransmitters in human brain, Ann. Neurol. 54 (2003), S25-S31.
115. D.P. Auer, C. Gössl, T. Schirmer and M. Czisch, Improved analysis of 1H-MR spectra in the presence of mobile lipids, Magn. Reson. Med. 46 (2001), 615-618.
116. L. Hofmann, C. Boesch and R. Kreis, Which metabolites should be included as basis spectra for linear combination model fitting of 1H-MR spectra of human brain MAGMA 15(Suppl. 1) (2002), 128.
117. U. Seeger, U. Klose, I. Mader et al., Parameterized evaluation of macromolecules and lipids in proton MR spectroscopy of brain diseases, Magn. Reson. Med. 49 (2003), 19-28.
118. P.A. Bottomley, The trouble with spectroscopy papers, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2 (2002), 1-8.
119. B. Ciskowa-Lyson, L. Krolicki, A. Teska et al., Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigations in brain metabolic changes after first doses of chemotherapy, MAGMA 15(Suppl. 1) (2002), 149.
120. M.A. Thomas, L.N. Ryner, M.P. Mehta et al., Localized 2D J-resolved 1H MR spectroscopy of human brain tumours in vivo, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 6 (1996), 453-459.
121. M.R. Tosi, G. Bottura, P. Lucchi et al., Cholesteryl esters in human malignant neoplasms, Int. J. Mol. Med. 11 (2003), 95-98.
122. V. Tugnoli, M.R. Tosi, A. Tinti et al., Characterization of lipids from human brain tissues by multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Biopolymers 62 (2001), 297-306.
123. L.L. Cheng, D.C. Anthony, A.R. Comite et al., Quantification of microheterogeneity in glioblastoma multiforme with ex vivo high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Neuro-oncol 2 (2000), 87-95.
124. A.A. Tzika, L.L. Cheng, L. Goumnerova et al., Biochemical characterization of pediatric brain tumors by using in vivo and ex vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy, J. Neurosurg. 96 (2002), 1023-1031.
125. Y. Kinoshita, A. Yokota, Absolute concentrations of metabolites in the human brain tumours using in vitro proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, NMR Biomed 10 (1997), 2-12.
126. Z. Czernicki, D. Horsztynski W. Jankowski et al., Malignancy of brain tumors evaluated by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in vitro, Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 76 (2000), 17-20.
127. S. Grand, G. Passaro, A. Ziegler et al., Necrotic tumor versus brain abscess: Importance of amino acids detected at 1H MR spectroscopy-Initial results, Radiology 213 (1999), 785-793.
128. Dz. Belkic, Strikingly stable convergence of the fast Padé transform: Applications to Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, J. Com. Meth. Sci. Eng. 3 (2003), 299-382.
129. Dz. Belkic, Strikingly stable convergence of the Fast Padé transform (FPT) for high-resolution parametric and nonparametric signal processing of Lorentzian and non-Lorentzian spectra, Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A. 525 (2004), 366-371.
130. Dz. Belkic, Analytical continuation by numerical means in spectral analysis using the fast Padé transform (FPT), Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A. 525 (2004), 372-378.
131. Dz. Belkic, Error analysis through residual frequency spectra in the fast Padé transform (FPT), Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A. 525 (2004), 379-386.
132. K. Belkic, The needs for quantitative biomedical spectroscopy imaging through magnetic resonance in oncology beyond the conventional Fourier-based signal processing, J. Com. Meth. Sci. Eng. 3 (2003), 535-561.
133. K. Belkic, Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in breast cancer detection: possibilities beyond the conventional theoretical framework for data analysis, Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A. 525 (2004), 313-321.
134. K. Belkíc, Current dilemmas and future perspectives for breast cancer screening with a focus upon optimization of magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging by advances in signal processing, Isr. Med. Assoc. J. (2004), in press.