Can highly active antiretroviral therapy be interrupted in patients with sustained moderate HIV RNA and >400 CD4+ cells/μl? Impact on immunovirological parameters

Journal of Medical Virology

Volumn 77, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 164-172

  Pellegrin, Isabelle ^a,b   Thiébaut, Rodolphe ^a   Blanco, Patrick ^a   Viallard, Jean François ^a   Schrive, Marie Hélène ^a   Merel, Patrick ^a   Chêne, Geneviève ^a   Fleury, Hervé ^a   Moreau, Jean François ^a   Pellegrin, Jean Luc ^a  

^a BORDEAUX UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (France)

^b HÔPITAL PELLEGRIN   (France)

Author keywords

HAART interruption; HIV DNA genotype; HIV1 RNA and HIV1 DNA loads

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; CD4 ANTIGEN; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; VIRUS DNA; VIRUS RNA;

ADULT; ARTICLE; DNA DETERMINATION; FEMALE; GENE MUTATION; GENOTYPE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOLECULAR STABILITY; NONHUMAN; PREDICTION; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS RESISTANCE; WILD TYPE;

ANTI-HIV AGENTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; DNA, VIRAL; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE, VIRAL; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; LEUKOCYTES, MONONUCLEAR; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MUTATION; RNA, VIRAL; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 24644469032     PISSN: 01466615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20452     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Birk M, Svedhem V, Sonnerborg A. 2001. Kinetics of HIV-1 RNA and resistance-associated mutations after cessation of antiretroviral combination therapy. AIDS 15:1359-1368.
2. Burgard M, Izopet J, Dumon B, Tamalet C, Descamps D, Ruffault A, Vabret A, Bargues G, Mouroux M, Pellegrin I, Ivanoff S, Guisthau O, Calvez V, Seigneurin JM, Rouzioux C. 2000. HIV RNA and HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are consistent markers for estimating viral load in patients undergoing long-term potent treatment. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 16:1939-1947.
3. Carcelain G, Tubiana R, Samri A, Calvez V, Delaugerre C, Agut H, Katlama C, Autran B. 2001. Transient mobilization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD4 T-helper cells fails to control virus rebounds during intermittent antiretroviral therapy in chronic HIV type-1 infection. J Virol 75:234-241.
4. Charpentier C, Dwyer DE, Mammano F, Lecossier D, Clavel F, Hance AJ. 2004. Role of minority populations of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in the evolution of viral resistance to protease inhibitors. J Virol 78:4234-4247.
5. Chun TW, Davey RT, Jr., Engel D, Lane HC, Fauci AS. 1999. Reemergence of HIV after stopping therapy. Nature 401:874-875.
6. Davey RT, Jr., Bhat N, Yoder C, Chun TW, Metcalf JA, Dewar R, Natarajan V, Lempicki RA, Adelsberger JW, Miller KD, Kovacs JA, Polis MA, Walker RE, Falloon J, Masur H, Gee D, Baseler M, Dimitrov DS, Fauci AS, Lane HC. 1999. HIV-1 and T-cell dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with a history of sustained viral suppression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:15109-15114.
7. Deeks SG, Wrin T, Liegler T, Hoh R, Hayden M, Barbour JD, Hellmann NS, Petropoulos CJ, McCune JM, Hellerstein MK, Grant RM. 2001. Virologic and immunologic consequences of discontinuing combination antiretroviral-drug therapy in HIV infected patients with detectable viremia. N Engl J Med 344:472-480.
8. Deeks SG, Grant RM, Wrin T, Paxinos EE, Liegler T, Hoh R, Martin JN, Petropoulos CJ. 2003. Persistence of drug-resistant HIV-1 after a structured treatment interruption and its impact on treatment response. AIDS 17:361-370.
9. Devereux HL, Youle M, Johnson MA, Loveday C. 1999. Rapid decline in detectability of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations after stopping therapy. AIDS 13:F123-F127.
10. Eriksson LE, Falk KI, Bratt GA, Leandersson AC, Wahren B, Leitner T. 2003. HIV type-1 DNA development during long-term supervised therapy interruption. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 19:259-265.
11. Fagard C, Ananworanich J, Le Braz M, Saenawat S, Wicharuk S, Perneger T, Perrin L, Cooper D, Cavassini M, Ebnöther C, Genné D, Vernazza P, Bernasconi E, Nuech R, Hirschel B. 2004. Biphasic decline of CD4 cell count during scheduled treatment interruptions. [Abstract 568] In: 11th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, San Francisco, 8-11 February.
12. Garcia F, Plana M, Ortiz GM, Bonhoeffer S, Soriano A, Vidal C, Cruceta A, Arnedo M, Gil C, Pantaleo G, Pumarola T, Gallart T, Nixon DF, Miro JM, Gatell JM. 2001. The virological and immunological consequences of structured treatment interruptions in chronic HIV-1 infection. AIDS 15:F29-F40.
13. Garrigue I, Pellegrin I, Hoen B, Dumon B, Harzic M, Schrive MH, Sereni D, Fleury H. 2000. Cell-associated HIV-1-DNA quantitation after highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated primary infection in patients with persistently undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA. AIDS 14:2851-2855.
14. Hance AJ, Lemiale V, Izopet J, Lecossier D, Joly V, Massip P, Mammano F, Descamps D, Brun-Vezinet F, Clavel F. 2001. Changes in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 populations after treatment interruption in patients falling antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 75:6410-6417.
15. Harrigan PR, Whaley M, Montaner JSG. 1999. Rate of HIV-1 RNA rebound upon stopping antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 13:F59-F62.
16. Hatano H, Vogel S, Yoder C, Metcalf JA, Dewar R, Davey RT, Jr., Polis MA. 2000. Pre-HAART HIV burden approximates post-HAART viral levels following interruption of therapy in patients with sustained viral suppression. AIDS 14:1357-1363.
17. Ho DD, Zhang L. 2000. HIV-1 rebound after anti-retroviral therapy. Nat Med 6:736-737.
18. Ioannidis JP, Havlir DV, Tebas P, et al. 2000. Dynamics of HIV-1 viral load rebound among patients with previous suppression of viral replication. AIDS 14:1481-1488.
19. Izopet J, Souyris C, Hance A, Sandres-Saune K, Alvarez M, Pasquier C, Clavel F, Puel J, Massip P. 2002. Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 populations after resumption of therapy following treatment interruption and shift in resistance genotype. J Infect Dis 185:1506-1510.
20. Maggiolo F, Ripamonti D, Gregis G, Quinzan G, Callegaro A, Suter F. 2004. Effect of prolonged discontinuation of successful antiretroviral therapy on CD4 T cells: A controlled, prospective trial. AIDS 18:439-446.
21. Martinez-Picado J, Kartsonis N, Hanna GJ, Hanna GJ, Wong J, Finzi D, Rosenberg E, Gunthard HF, Sutton L, Savara A, Petropoulos CJ, Hellmann N, Walker BD, Richman DD, Siliciano R, D'Aquila RT. 2000. Antiretroviral resistance during successful therapy of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:10948-10953.
22. Neumann AU, Tubiana R, Calvez V, Robert C, Li TS, Agut H, Autran B, Katlama C. 1999. HIV-1 rebound during interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy has no deleterious effect on reinitiated treatment. AIDS 13:677-683.
23. Ortiz GM, Wellons M, Brancato J, Vo HT, Zinn RL, Clarkson DE, Van Loon K, Bonhoeffer S, Miralles GD, Montefiori D, Bartlett JA, Nixon DF. 2001. Structured antiretroviral treatment interruptions in chronically HIV-1-infected subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:13288-13293.
24. Palmer S, Boltz V, Maldarelli F, Kearney M, Halvas E, Mican J, Mellors J, Coffin J. 2004. Mechanism of persistence of NNRTI-resistant variants after discontinuation of NNRTI-containing regimens. [Abstract 51] Antiviral Ther 9:S60.
25. Palmisano L, Giulano M, Pirillo MF, Galluzo CM, Andreotti M, Bucciardini R, Nicastri E, Fragola V, Andreoni M, Vella S. 2004. Baseline predictors and virological outcome in subjects developing mutations during intermittent HAART. [Abstract 143]. Antiviral Ther 9:S159.
26. Parikh U, Calef C, Larder B, et al. 2003. Mutations in retroviral genes associated with drug resistance. Los Alamos HIV sequences database. Available at: http://www.hiv.lanl.gov/content/. Accessed August 2003.
27. Pellegrin I, Merel P, Garrigue I, Caumont A, Schrive MH, Birac V, Bonot P, Fleury H. 2001. Comparison of capillary electrophoresis sequencing with the new CEQ32000 System (Beckman Coulter, Inc.) to conventional gel based systems for HIV-1 drug resistance analysis. J Virol Methods 98:9-16.
28. Pellegrin I, Caumont A, Garrigue I, Merel P, Schrive MH, Fleury H, Dupon M, Pellegrin JL, Ragnaud JM. 2003. Predictive value of provirus load and DNA human immunodeficiency virus genotype for successful abacavir-based simplified therapy. J Infect Dis 187:38-46.
29. Ramratnam B, Mittler JE, Zhang L, Boden D, Hurley A, Fang F, Macken CA, Perelson AS, Markowitz M, Ho DD. 2000. The decay of the latent reservoir of replication-competent HIV-1 is inversely correlated with the extent of residual viral replication during prolonged anti-retroviral therapy. Nat Med 6:82-85.
30. Ruiz L, Martinez-Picado J, Romeu J, Paredes R, Zayat MK, Marfil S, Negredo E, Sirera G, Tural C, Clotet B. 2000. Structured treatment interruption in chronically HIV-1 infected patients after long-term viral suppression. AIDS 14:397-403.
31. + T-cell restoration. Viral Immunol 14:379-389.
32. Shafer RW, Kantor R, Ree S, et al. 2002. HIV resistance notes. Stanford HIV RT and protease sequence database. Available at: http:// hivdb.stanford.edu. Accessed August 2002.
33. Sharkey ME, Teo I, Greenough T, Sharova N, Luzuriaga K, Sullivan JL, Bucy RP, Kostrikis LG, Haase A, Veryard C, Davaro RE, Cheeseman SH, Daly JS, Bova C, Ellison RT III, Mady B, Lai KK, Moyle G, Nelson M, Gazzard B, Shaunak S, Stevenson M. 2000. Persistence of episomal HIV-1 infection intermediates in patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy. Nat Med 6:76-81.
34. Staszewski S, Miller V, Sabin C, Berger A, Hill AM, Phillips AN. 1998. Rebound of HIV-1 viral load after suppression to very low levels. AIDS 12:2360.
35. 6 cells/L. AIDS 19:53-61.
36. Yerly S, Perneger TV, Vora S, Hirschel B, Perrin L. 2000. Decay of cell-associated HIV-1 DNA correlates with residual replication in patients treated during acute HIV-1 infection. AIDS 14:2805-2812.