Antihistamines in dermatology

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology

Volumn 18, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 220-229

  Greaves, Malcolm W ^a,b  

^a NATIONAL SKIN CENTRE   (Singapore)

^b NONE   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Antihistamines; Eczema; Urticaria

Indexed keywords

ACRIVASTINE; ALIMEMAZINE; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ASTEMIZOLE; CETIRIZINE; CHLORPHENIRAMINE; CLEMASTINE; CYPROHEPTADINE; DESLORATADINE; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; DOXEPIN; EBASTINE; FEXOFENADINE; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HYDROXYZINE; KETOTIFEN; LEVOCETIRIZINE; LORATADINE; MIZOLASTINE; PROMETHAZINE; TERFENADINE; TRIPELENNAMINE; TRIPROLIDINE;

ANGIONEUROTIC EDEMA; ATOPIC DERMATITIS; CARDIOTOXICITY; CONSTIPATION; DERMATOLOGY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRY EYE; ELDERLY CARE; FALLING; FECES IMPACTION; GLAUCOMA; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART VENTRICLE ARRHYTHMIA; HUMAN; INSECT BITE; MEDICAL PRACTICE; MENTAL DISEASE; MYDRIASIS; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRURITUS; PSYCHOMOTOR DISORDER; REVIEW; SEDATION; SIDE EFFECT; SINUS TACHYCARDIA; SKIN INFLAMMATION; TORSADE DES POINTES; URINE RETENTION; URTICARIA; URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA; WEIGHT GAIN; XEROSTOMIA;

DERMATOLOGY; HISTAMINE; HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS; HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS, NON-SEDATING; HUMANS; RECEPTORS, HISTAMINE; SKIN DISEASES;

EID: 23844527126     PISSN: 16605527     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000086667     Document Type: Review

References (101)

1. Dale HH: On some new physiological actions of ergot. J Physiol 1906;34:163-206.
2. Lewis T: The Blood Vessels of the Human Skin and their Responses. London, Shaw, 1927, p 47.
3. Greaves, MW, Sabroe RA: Histamine: The quintessential mediator. J Dermatol 1996;23:739-740.
4. Dale HH: Progress in autopharmacology. A survey of present knowledge of the chemical regulation of certain functions by natural constituents of the tissues. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 1934;53:297-347.
5. Riley JF: The riddle of the mast cells. A tribute to Paul Ehrlich. Lancet 1954;i:841-843.
6. Greaves MW, Shuster S: Responses of skin blood vessels to bradykinin, histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. J Physiol 1967;193:255-267.
7. Kaplan, AP, Horakova Z, Katz SI: Assessment of tissue fluid histamine levels in patients with urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1978;61:350-354.
8. Greaves MW, Sondergaard J: Urticaria pigmentosa and factitious urticaria. Direct evidence for release of histamine and other smooth muscle-contracting agents in dermographic skin. Arch Dermatol 1970;101:418-425.
9. Bentley Phillips CB, Black AK, Greaves MW: Induced tolerance in cold urticaria caused by cold-evoked histamine release. Lancet 1976;ii:63-66.
10. Johnson HH, De Oreo GA, Laschid WP, Mitchell F: Skin histamine levels in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1960;34:237-238.
11. Prose, PH, Sedlis E: Morphology and histochemical studies of atopic eczema in infants and children. J Invest Dermatol 1960;34:149-165.
12. Mihm MC, Soter NA, Dvorak MD, Austen KF: The structure of normal skin and the morphology of atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 1976;67:305-312.
13. Reunala T, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Lappalainen P, Rasanen L, Palosuo T: Immunology and treatment of mosquito bites. Clin Exp Allergy 1990;20(suppl 4):19-24.
14. Oliver F, Amon EU, Breathnach A, Francis DM, Sarathchandra P, Black AK, Greaves MW: Contact urticaria due to the common stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) - Histological ultrastructural and pharmacological studies. Clin Exp Dermatol 1991;16:1-7.
15. 2 receptor blocking agent. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1977;4:367-369.
16. Robertson I, Greaves MW: Responses of skin blood vessels to synthetic histamine analogues. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978;5:319-322.
17. Davies MG, Greaves MW: Sensory responses of human skin to synthetic histamine analogues and to histamine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1980;9:461-465.
18. 3 receptors. J Invest Dermatol 2004;123:116-123.
19. 1 receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991;88:11515-11519.
20. 1 receptors in mice: Behavioural and neurochemical characterisation. Life Sci 1998;62:1607-1610.
21. 1-antihistamines: Inverse agonism, anti-inflammatory effects and cardiac effects. Clin Exp Allergy 2002;32:489-498.
22. O'Leary PA, Farber EM: Benadryl in the treatment of urticaria. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clinic 1946;20:429-432.
23. 1 antihistamines. New Eng J Med 2004;351:2203-2217.
24. Takahashi H, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Iizuka H: Effects of bepotastine, cetirizine, fexofenadine and olopatidine on histamine induced wheal-and flare-response, sedation and psychomotor performance. Exp Dermatol 2004;29:526-532.
25. Nabe M, Agrawal DK, Sarmiento EU, Townley RG: Inhibitory effect of terfenadine on mediator release from human blood basophils and eosinophils. Clin Exp Allergy 1989;19:515-520.
26. Redier H, Chanez P, De Vos C: Inhibitory effect of cetirizine on the bronchial eosinophilic recruitment induced by allergen inhalation challenge in allergic patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992;90:215-224.
27. Ciprandi G, Pronzato C, Passalacqua G: Topical azelastine reduces eosinophil activation and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on nasal epithelial cells: An antiallergic activity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996;98:1088-1096.
28. Yoneda K, Yamamoto T, Ueta E, Osaki T: Suppression by azelastine hydrochloride of NF-kappa B activation involved in generation of cytokines and nitric oxide. Jpn J Pharmacol 1997;73:145-153.
29. 1-receptor antagonist. J Med Chem 1998;853-863.
30. 1-antihistamines in humans; in Simons FER (ed): Histamine and H1 Antihistamines in Allergic Disease, ed 2. New York, Dekker, 2002, 101-140.
31. Tillement J-P: A low distribution volume as a determinant of efficacy and safety for histamine (H1) antagonists. Allergy 1995;50:12-16.
32. Tillement J-P, Houin G, Zini R: The binding of drugs to blood plasma macromolecules, recent advances and therapeutic significance. Adv Drug Res 1984;13:60-94.
33. Bousquet J, Chanal I, Murrieta M, Stalla-Bourdillon A: Lack of sub-sensitivity to mizolastine over an 8-week treatment. Allergy 1996;51:251-256.
34. Bousquet J, Chanal I, Skassa-Brociek W, Lemonier C, Michel FB: Lack of subsensitivity to loratidine during long-term dosing during 12 weeks. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990;86:248-253.
35. 2 antihistamines on adhesion molecules: A possible rationale for long-term treatment. Clin Exp Allergy 1999;29(suppl 3):49-53.
36. Watemberg NA, Roth KS, Alehan FK, Epstein CE: Central anticholinergic syndrome on therapeutic doses of cyproheptadine. Pediatrics 1999;103:158-160.
37. 1 antagonists measured by positron emission tomography. Br J Pharmacol 1995;116:1649-1655.
38. Hindmarch I, Shamsi Z: Antihistamines: Models to assess sedative properties, assessment of sedation, safety and other side-effects. Clin Exp Allergy 1999;29(suppl 3):133-142.
39. Weiler JM, Bloomfield JR, Woodworth GG, Grant, AR, Layton TA, Brown TL, McKenzie DR, Baker TW, Watson GS: Effects of fexofenadine, diphenhydramine and alcohol on driving performance: A randomised placebo-controlled trial in the Iowa driving simulator. Ann Int Med 2000;132:354-363.
40. Vermeeren A. O'Hanlon JF: Fexofenadine's effects alone and with alcohol on actual driving and psychomotor performance. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:306-310.
41. 1-antagonists. Drug Metab Dispos 2003;31:312-318.
42. Mann RD, Pearce GI, Dunn N, Shakir S: Sedation with 'non-sedating' antihistamines: Four prescription-event monitoring studies in general practice. Br Med J 2000;320:1184-1186.
43. Ramaekers JG, Vermeeren A: All antihistamines cross the blood-brain barrier. Br Med J 2000;321:572.
44. Kay GG Plotkin KE, Quig MB, Starbuck VN, Yasuda S: Sedative effects of AM/PM antihistamine dosing with evening chlorpheniramine and morning terfenadine. Am J Man Care 1997;3:1843-1848.
45. Woosley RL: Cardiac actions of antihistamines. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1996;36:233-252.
46. Pratt CM, Hertz RP, Ellis BE, Crowell SP, Louv W, Moye L: Risk of developing life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia associated with terfenadine in comparison with over-the-counter antihistamines, ibuprofen and clemastine. Am J Cardiol 1994;73:346-352.
47. Craft TM: Torsades de pointes following terfenadine overdose. Br Med J 1986;292:660.
48. Davies AJ, Harindra V, McEwan A: Cardiotoxic effect with convulsions in terfenadine overdose. Br Med J 1989;298:325.
49. Pratt C, Brown AM, Rampe D, Mason J, Russell T, Reynolds R, Ahlbrandt R: Cardiovascular safety of fexofenadine HCL. Clin Exp Allergy 1999;29(suppl 3):212-216.
50. Woosley RL, Darrow WR: Analysis of potential adverse drug reactions - a case of mistaken identity. Am J Cardiol 1994;74:208-209.
51. Sale ME, Barbey JT, Woosley RL, Edwards D, Yeh J: The electrocardiographic effects of cetirizine in normal subjects. Clin Pharm Exp Ther 1994;56:295-301.
52. Geha RS, Meltzer EO: Desloratidine, a new non-sedating oral antihistamine. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;107:751-762.
53. 1 receptor antagonist, in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: Assessment during spring and fall allergy seasons. Clin Drug Invest 2001;21:25-32.
54. Yap YG, Camm J: Risk of torsades de pointes with non-cardiac drugs: Doctors need to be aware that many drugs can cause QT prolongation. Br Med J 2000;320:1158-1159.
55. 1 Antihistamines in Allergic Disease, ed 2. New York, Dekker, 2002, pp 389-419.
56. Schatz M Zeiger RS, Harden K, Hoffman CC Chilingar L, Pettiti D: The safety of asthma and allergy medications during pregnancy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;100:301-306.
57. Seto A, Einarson T, Koren G: Pregnancy outcome following first trimester exposure to antihistamines: Meta-analysis. Am J Perinatol 1997;14:119-124.
58. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs: The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 1994;93:127.
59. Zierler S, Purohit D: Perinatal antihistamine exposure and retrolental fibroplasia. Am J Epidemiol 1986;123:192-196.
60. 1 Antihistamines in Allergic Disease, ed 2. New York, Dekker, 2002, pp 249-286.
61. Bain WA, Hellier FF, Warin AP: Some aspects of the action of histamine antagonists. Lancet 1948;ii:964-969.
62. Zuberbier T, Ifflander J, Semmler C, Henz BM: Acute urticaria: Clinical aspects and therapeutic responsiveness. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 1996;76:295-297.
63. Sabroe RA, Seed PT, Francis DM, Greaves MW: Chronic idiopathic urticaria: Comparison of clinical features of patients with and without anti-FcεR1 or anti-IgE autoantibodies. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;40:443-450.
64. Bleehen SS, Thomas SE, Greaves MW, Newton J, Kennedy CTC, Hindley F, Marks R, Hazell M, Rowell NR, Fairiss GM, Cartwright PH, Glenny HP, Howland K: Cimetidene and chlorpheniramine in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria: A multicentre randomized double-blind study. Br J Dermatol 1987;117:81-88.
65. Neittaanmaki H, Myohanen T, Fraki JE: Comparison of cinnarizine, cyproheptadine, doxepin and hydroxyzine in the treatment of idiopathic cold urticaria: Usefulness of doxepin. J Am Acad Dermatol 1984;11:483-489.
66. Grattan CEH, O'Donnell BF, Francis DM, Niini N, Barlow RJ, Seed PT, Black AK, Greaves MW: Randomised double blind trial of cyclosporine A in chronic idiopathic urticaria. Br J Dermatol 2000;143:365-372.
67. Spencer CM, Faulds D, Peters DH: Cetirizine: A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in selected allergic disorders. Drugs 1993;46:1055-1080.
68. Kalivas J, Breneman D, Tharp M, Bruce S, Bigby M: Urticaria: Clinical efficacy of cetirizine in comparison with hydroxyzine and placebo. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990;86:1014-1018.
69. Juhlin L, Arendt C: Treatment of chronic urticaria with cetirizine dihydrochloride, a non-sedating antihistamine. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:67-72.
70. Guerra L, Vincenzi C, Marchesi E, Tosti A, Pretto E, Bassi R, Ruetta Fabbian P, De Costanza F: Loratidine and cetirizine in the treatment of chronic urticaria. J Eur Acad Dermatol 1994;3:148-152.
71. Falliers CJ, Brandon ML, Buchman E, Connell JT: Double-blind comparison of cetirizine and placebo in the treatment of seasonal rhinitis. Ann Allergy 1991;66:257-262.
72. Simons FER: Prevention of acute urticaria in young children with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;107:703-706.
73. 14C]levocetirizine, the R enantiomer of cetirizine in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2001;57:571-582.
74. Clough GF, Boutsiouki P, Church MK: Comparison of the effects of levocetirizine and loratidine on histamine-induced wheal, flare and itch in human skin. Allergy 2001;56:985-988.
75. Monroe EW, Fox RW, Green AW Izuno GT, Bernstein DI, Pleskow WW, Willis I, Brigante JR: Efficacy and safety of loratidine (10 mg once daily) in the management of idiopathic chronic urticaria. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988;19:138-139.
76. Monroe EW: Relative efficacy and safety of loratidine, hydroxyzine and placebo in chronic idiopathic urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Clin Ther 1992;14:17-21.
77. McClellan K, Jarvis B: Desloratidine. Drugs 2001;61:789-796.
78. Ring J, Hein R, Gauger A, Bronsky E, Miller B: Once daily desloratidine improves the signs and symptoms of chronic idiopathic urticaria: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study. Int J Dermatol 2001;40:1-5.
79. Monroe EW, Finn A, Patel P, Guerro R, Ratner P, Bernstein D: Efficacy and safety of desloratidine 5 mg once daily in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria: A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;48:535-541.
80. Finn AF, Kaplan AP, Fretwell R, Qu R, Long J: A double blind placebo-controlled trial of fexofenadine HCl in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;104:1071-1080.
81. Paul E, Berth-Jones, Ortonne J-P, Stern M: Fexofenadine hydrochloride in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria: A placebo-controlled, parallel group, dose-ranging study. J Derm Treatm 1998;9:143-149.
82. Thompson AK, Finn AF, Schoenwetter WF: Effect of 60 mg twice daily fexofenadine HCl on quality of life, work and classroom productivity and regular activity in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43:24-30.
83. Pichat P, Angel I, Arbilla S: Anti-inflammatory properties of mizolastine after oral administration: Arachidonic acid-induced cutaneous reaction in the rat. Arzneim Forsch Drug Res 1998;48:173-178.
84. Dubertret L, Aguttes MM, Tonet J: Efficacy and safety of mizolastine 10 mg in a placebo-controlled comparison with loratidine in chronic idiopathic urticaria: Results of the MILOR study. J Eur Acad Dermatol 1999;12:16-24.
85. Brostoff J, Fitzharris P, Dunmore C, Theron M, Blondin P: Efficacy of mizolastine, a new antihistamine, compared with placebo, in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria. Allergy 1996;51:320-325.
86. Paserchia LA, Hewett J, Woosley RL: Effects of ketoconazole on QTc (abstract). Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994;55:146.
87. Simons FER: Mizolastine: Antihistaminic activity from preclinical data to clinical evaluation. Clin Exp Allergy 1999;29(suppl 1):3-8.
88. Krause L, Shuster S: Mechanism of action of antipruritic drugs. Br Med J 1983;287:1199-1120.
89. Bahlgren C-F, Hagermark O, Bergstrom R: The antipruritic effect of a sedative and a non-sedative antihistamine in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1990;122:545-551.
90. Berth-Jones J, Graham-Brown RAC: Failure of terfenadine in relieving the pruritus of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1989;121:635-637.
91. Doherty V, Sylvester DGH, Kennedy CTC Harvey SG, Calthrop JG, Gibson JR: Treatment of itching in atopic eczema with antihistamines with a low sedative profile Br Med J 1989;298:96.
92. Klein PA, Clark RA: An evidence-based review of the efficacy of antihistamines in relieving pruritus in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 1999;135:1522-1525.
93. Kawashima M, Tango T, Noguchi T Inagi M, Nakagawa H, Harada S: Addition of fexofenadine to a topical corticosteroid reduces the pruritus associated with atopic dermatitis in a 1-week randomised multicentre double-blind placebo-controlled study. Br J Dermatol 2003;148:1212-1221.
94. Diepgen TL: Long-term treatment with cetirizine of infants with atopic dermatitis: A multi-country, double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial (the ETAC trial) over 18 months. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2002;13:278-286.
95. Friedman BS, Santiago ML, Berkebile C, Metcalfe DD: Comparison of azelastine and chlorpheniramine in the treatment of mastocytosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993;92:520-526.
96. Longley J, Duffy TP, Kohn S: The mast cell and mast cell disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;32:545-561.
97. Golkar L, Bernhard JD: Mastocytosis. Lancet 1997;349:1379-1385.
98. Horsmanheimo L, Harvima IT, Harvima RJ, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Francois G, Reunala T: Histamine and leukotriene C4 release in cutaneous mosquito bite reactions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996;98:408-411.
99. Peng Z, Li H, Simons FER: Immunoblot analysis of salivary allergens in 10 mosquito species with world-wide distribution and the human IgE responses to these allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:498-505.
100. Karpinnen A, Kautiainen H, Petman L, Burri P, Reunala T: Comparison of cetirizine, ebastine, and loratidine in the treatment of immediate mosquito bite allergy. Allergy 2002;57:534-537
101. Karpinnen A, Kautiainen H, Reunala T, Petman L, Brummer-Korvenkontio H: Loratidene in the treatment of mosquito-bite-sensitive children. Allergy 2000;55:668-671.