메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 275-280

Ketamine for paediatric sedation/analgesia in the emergency department

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

KETAMINE; MIDAZOLAM; OXYGEN; SEDATIVE AGENT;

EID: 2342461101     PISSN: 14720205     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/emj.2003.005769     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (51)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 0032764553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The "ouchless emergency department" getting closer: Advances in decreasing distress during painful procedures in the emergency department
    • Kennedy RM. The "ouchless emergency department" getting closer: advances in decreasing distress during painful procedures in the emergency department. Pediatr Clin North Am 1999;46:1215-47.
    • (1999) Pediatr. Clin. North Am. , vol.46 , pp. 1215-1247
    • Kennedy, R.M.1
  • 2
    • 0028102685 scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of blood, injury, and needle fears and phobias
    • Kleinknecht RA. Acquisition of blood, injury, and needle fears and phobias. Behav Res Ther 1994;32:817-23.
    • (1994) Behav. Res. Ther. , vol.32 , pp. 817-823
    • Kleinknecht, R.A.1
  • 3
    • 17544384914 scopus 로고
    • Iatrogenic needle phobia
    • [Letter]
    • Trigwell PJ. Iatrogenic needle phobia. [Letter]. Br Dent J 1993;174:158.
    • (1993) Br. Dent. J. , vol.174 , pp. 158
    • Trigwell, P.J.1
  • 4
    • 0036205678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergency analgesia in the paediatric population. Part II pharmacological methods of pain relief
    • Maurice SC, O'Donnell JJ, Beattie TF. Emergency analgesia in the paediatric population. Part II pharmacological methods of pain relief. Emerg Med J 2002;19:101-5.
    • (2002) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.19 , pp. 101-105
    • Maurice, S.C.1    O'Donnell, J.J.2    Beattie, T.F.3
  • 5
    • 0036271853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergency analgesia in the paediatric population. Part III non-pharmacological measures of pain relief and anxiolysis
    • O'Donnell JJ, Maurice SC, Beattie TF. Emergency analgesia in the paediatric population. Part III non-pharmacological measures of pain relief and anxiolysis. Emerg Med J 2002;19:195-7.
    • (2002) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.19 , pp. 195-197
    • O'Donnell, J.J.1    Maurice, S.C.2    Beattie, T.F.3
  • 6
    • 0036311532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergency analgesia in the paediatric population. Part IV paediatric sedation in the emergency department: Pros and cons
    • Doyle E. Emergency analgesia in the paediatric population. Part IV paediatric sedation in the emergency department: pros and cons. Emerg Med J 2002;19:284-7.
    • (2002) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.19 , pp. 284-287
    • Doyle, E.1
  • 7
    • 0033658692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of emergency department pain management and conscious dissociation
    • Blackburn P, Vissers R. Pharmacology of emergency department pain management and conscious dissociation. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2000;18:803-27.
    • (2000) Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. , vol.18 , pp. 803-827
    • Blackburn, P.1    Vissers, R.2
  • 8
    • 0027468666 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine dissociative sedation in pediatric emergency medicine practice
    • Epstein FB. Ketamine dissociative sedation in pediatric emergency medicine practice. Am J Emerg Med 1993;11:180-2.
    • (1993) Am. J. Emerg. Med. , vol.11 , pp. 180-182
    • Epstein, F.B.1
  • 9
    • 0032701139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine in the ED: Medical politics versus patient care
    • Sobel RM, Morgan BW, Murhy M. Ketamine in the ED: medical politics versus patient care. Am J Emerg Med 1999;17:722-5.
    • (1999) Am. J. Emerg. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 722-725
    • Sobel, R.M.1    Morgan, B.W.2    Murhy, M.3
  • 10
    • 0025124935 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures: Part 2, review and implications
    • Green SM, Johnson NE. Ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures: Part 2, review and implications. Ann Emerg Med 1990;19:1033-46.
    • (1990) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.19 , pp. 1033-1046
    • Green, S.M.1    Johnson, N.E.2
  • 12
    • 0031032551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous ketamine sedation of pediatric patients in the emergency department
    • Dachs RJ, Innes GM. Intravenous ketamine sedation of pediatric patients in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 1997;29:146-50.
    • (1997) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.29 , pp. 146-150
    • Dachs, R.J.1    Innes, G.M.2
  • 13
    • 0035057399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine: Do what is right for the patient
    • Ducharme J. Ketamine: Do what is right for the patient. Emerg Med 2002;13:7-8.
    • (2002) Emerg. Med. , vol.13 , pp. 7-8
    • Ducharme, J.1
  • 14
    • 2342478102 scopus 로고
    • Pediatric sedation and analgesia
    • Sacchetti A. Pediatric sedation and analgesia. Emerg Med 1995;27:67-87.
    • (1995) Emerg. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 67-87
    • Sacchetti, A.1
  • 15
    • 0033922660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine sedation for the reduction of children's fractures in the emergency department
    • McCarty EC, Mencio GA, Walker LA, et al. Ketamine sedation for the reduction of children's fractures in the emergency department. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 2000;82-A:912-18.
    • (2000) J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am] , vol.82 A , pp. 912-918
    • McCarty, E.C.1    Mencio, G.A.2    Walker, L.A.3
  • 16
    • 0031745925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intramuscular ketamine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department: Safety profile in 1,022 cases
    • Green SM, Rothrock SG, Lynch EL, et al. Intramuscular ketamine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department: safety profile in 1,022 cases. Ann Emerg Med 1998;31:688-97.
    • (1998) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.31 , pp. 688-697
    • Green, S.M.1    Rothrock, S.G.2    Lynch, E.L.3
  • 18
    • 0025239606 scopus 로고
    • Twenty years of ketamine - A retrospective view
    • Adams HA, Hemplemann G. Twenty years of ketamine - a retrospective view. Anaesthetist 1990;39:71-6.
    • (1990) Anaesthetist , vol.39 , pp. 71-76
    • Adams, H.A.1    Hemplemann, G.2
  • 19
    • 2742536886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An alternative to "Brutacaine": A comparison of low dose intramuscular ketamine with intranasal midazolam before suturing
    • McGlone RG, Ranasinghe S, Durham S. An alternative to "Brutacaine": a comparison of low dose intramuscular ketamine with intranasal midazolam before suturing. J Accid Emerg Med 1998; 15:231-6.
    • (1998) J. Accid. Emerg. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 231-236
    • McGlone, R.G.1    Ranasinghe, S.2    Durham, S.3
  • 20
    • 0035689013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of intramuscular ketamine with high dose intramuscular midazolam with and without intranasal flumazenil in children before suturing
    • McGlone R, Fleet T, Durham S, et al. A comparison of intramuscular ketamine with high dose intramuscular midazolam with and without intranasal flumazenil in children before suturing. Emerg Med J 2001;18:34-8.
    • (2001) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.18 , pp. 34-38
    • McGlone, R.1    Fleet, T.2    Durham, S.3
  • 21
    • 0034112921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accident and emergency department led implementation of ketamine sedation in paediatric practice and parental response
    • Holloway VJ, Husain HM, Saetta JP, et al. Accident and emergency department led implementation of ketamine sedation in paediatric practice and parental response. J Accid Emerg Med 2000;17:25-8.
    • (2000) J. Accid. Emerg. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 25-28
    • Holloway, V.J.1    Husain, H.M.2    Saetta, J.P.3
  • 22
    • 0028475367 scopus 로고
    • Pediatric pain control and conscious sedation: A survey of emergency medicine residents
    • Ilkhanipour K, Juels CR, Langdorf MI. Pediatric pain control and conscious sedation: a survey of emergency medicine residents. Acad Emerg Med 1995;1:368-72.
    • (1995) Acad. Emerg. Med. , vol.1 , pp. 368-372
    • Ilkhanipour, K.1    Juels, C.R.2    Langdorf, M.I.3
  • 23
    • 0036194071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parenteral analgesic and sedative use among ED patients in the United States: Combined results from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) 1992-1997
    • and erratum in Am Emerg Med 2002;20:496
    • Hostetler MA, Auinger P, Szilagyi PG. Parenteral analgesic and sedative use among ED patients in the United States: combined results from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) 1992-1997. Am J Emerg Med 2002;20:83-7 and erratum in Am J Emerg Med 2002;20:496.
    • (2002) Am. J. Emerg. Med. , vol.20 , pp. 83-87
    • Hostetler, M.A.1    Auinger, P.2    Szilagyi, P.G.3
  • 24
    • 0035064432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine sedation for children in the emergency department
    • Priestly SJ, Taylor J, McAdam CM, et al. Ketamine sedation for children in the emergency department. Emerg Med 2001;13:82-90.
    • (2001) Emerg. Med. , vol.13 , pp. 82-90
    • Priestly, S.J.1    Taylor, J.2    McAdam, C.M.3
  • 25
    • 0036200956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paediatric sedation in emergency departments: What is our practice?
    • Everitt I, Younge P, Barnett P. Paediatric sedation in emergency departments: What is our practice? Emerg Med 2002;14:62-6.
    • (2002) Emerg. Med. , vol.14 , pp. 62-66
    • Everitt, I.1    Younge, P.2    Barnett, P.3
  • 26
    • 0036618430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sedation with ketamine for paediatric procedures in the emergency department - A review of 500 cases
    • Ng KC, Ang SY. Sedation with ketamine for paediatric procedures in the emergency department - a review of 500 cases. Singapore Med J 2002;42:300-4.
    • (2002) Singapore Med. J. , vol.42 , pp. 300-304
    • Ng, K.C.1    Ang, S.Y.2
  • 27
    • 0031980864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical policy for procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department
    • American College of Emergency Physicians
    • American College of Emergency Physicians. Clinical policy for procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 1998;31:663-77.
    • (1998) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.31 , pp. 663-677
  • 28
    • 2342464508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy document - Use of intravenous sedation for procedures in the emergency department
    • Australasian College of Emergency Medicine. (accessed Jan )
    • Australasian College of Emergency Medicine. Policy document - use of intravenous sedation for procedures in the emergency department. http://www.acem.org.au/open/documents/sedation.htm (accessed Jan 2003).
    • (2003)
  • 29
    • 2342628879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (accessed Jan )
    • Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. http://www.sign.ac.uk/ (accessed Jan 2003).
    • (2003)
  • 30
    • 0020037594 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine - Its pharmacology and therapeutic uses
    • White PF, Way WL, Trevor AJ. Ketamine - its pharmacology and therapeutic uses. Anesthesiology 1982;56:119-36.
    • (1982) Anesthesiology , vol.56 , pp. 119-136
    • White, P.F.1    Way, W.L.2    Trevor, A.J.3
  • 31
    • 0024517165 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine: An update on the first twenty-five years of clinical experience
    • Reich DL, Silvay G. Ketamine: an update on the first twenty-five years of clinical experience. Can J Anaesth 1989;36:186-97.
    • (1989) Can. J. Anaesth. , vol.36 , pp. 186-197
    • Reich, D.L.1    Silvay, G.2
  • 32
    • 0015056654 scopus 로고
    • Analgesic effects of ketamine in subdissociative doses
    • Sadove MS, Shulman M, Hatano S, et al. Analgesic effects of ketamine in subdissociative doses. Anesth Analg 1971;50:452-7.
    • (1971) Anesth. Analg. , vol.50 , pp. 452-457
    • Sadove, M.S.1    Shulman, M.2    Hatano, S.3
  • 33
    • 0028829176 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of ketamine and midazolam on heart rate
    • Komatsu T, Singh PK, Kimura T, et al. Differential effects of ketamine and midazolam on heart rate. Can J Anaesth 1995;42:1003-9.
    • (1995) Can. J. Anaesth. , vol.42 , pp. 1003-1009
    • Komatsu, T.1    Singh, P.K.2    Kimura, T.3
  • 34
    • 0023579710 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine infusion. Its use as a sedative, inotrope and bronchodilator in a critically ill patient
    • Park GR, Manara AR, Medel L, et al. Ketamine infusion. Its use as a sedative, inotrope and bronchodilator in a critically ill patient. Anaesthesia 1987;42:980-3.
    • (1987) Anaesthesia , vol.42 , pp. 980-983
    • Park, G.R.1    Manara, A.R.2    Medel, L.3
  • 35
    • 0023185819 scopus 로고
    • The use of ketamine for the emergency department intubation of patients with status asthmaticus
    • L'Hommedieu CS. The use of ketamine for the emergency department intubation of patients with status asthmaticus. Ann Emerg Med 1987;16:568-71.
    • (1987) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 568-571
    • L'Hommedieu, C.S.1
  • 36
    • 0022486598 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine by continuous infusion in status asthmaticus
    • Strube PJ, Hallam PL. Ketamine by continuous infusion in status asthmaticus. Anaesthesia 1986;41:1017-19.
    • (1986) Anaesthesia , vol.41 , pp. 1017-1019
    • Strube, P.J.1    Hallam, P.L.2
  • 37
    • 0029820847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous infusion of ketamine in mechanically ventilated children with refractory bronchospasm
    • Youssef-Ahmed MZ, Silver P, Nimkoff L, et al. Continuous infusion of ketamine in mechanically ventilated children with refractory bronchospasm. Intensive Care Medicine 1996;22:972-6.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Medicine , vol.22 , pp. 972-976
    • Youssef-Ahmed, M.Z.1    Silver, P.2    Nimkoff, L.3
  • 38
    • 0025179008 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures: Part 1, a prospective series
    • Green SM, Nakamura R, Johnson NE. Ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures: Part 1, a prospective series. Ann Emerg Med 1990;19:1024-32.
    • (1990) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.19 , pp. 1024-1032
    • Green, S.M.1    Nakamura, R.2    Johnson, N.E.3
  • 39
    • 0016365726 scopus 로고
    • A comparative evaluation of ketamine anesthesia in children and adults
    • Sussman DR. A comparative evaluation of ketamine anesthesia in children and adults. Anesthesiology 1974;40:459-64.
    • (1974) Anesthesiology , vol.40 , pp. 459-464
    • Sussman, D.R.1
  • 40
    • 2342541825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Lancaster experience of 2.0 to 2.5 mg/kg intramuscular ketamine for paediatric sedation: 501 cases and analysis
    • McGlone RG, Howes MC, Joshi M. The Lancaster experience of 2.0 to 2.5 mg/kg intramuscular ketamine for paediatric sedation: 501 cases and analysis. Emerg Med J 2004;21:290-5.
    • (2004) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.21 , pp. 290-295
    • McGlone, R.G.1    Howes, M.C.2    Joshi, M.3
  • 41
    • 0027409279 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory arrest following intramuscular ketamine injection in a 4-year-old child
    • Smith JA, Santer LJ. Respiratory arrest following intramuscular ketamine injection in a 4-year-old child. Ann Emerg Med 1993;22:613-15.
    • (1993) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.22 , pp. 613-615
    • Smith, J.A.1    Santer, L.J.2
  • 42
    • 0031578315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to read a paper: The Medline database
    • Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper: the Medline database. BMJ 1997;315:180-3.
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.315 , pp. 180-183
    • Greenhalgh, T.1
  • 43
    • 0035689417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sedation for children requiring wound repair: A randomised controlled double blind comparison of oral midazolam and oral ketamine
    • Younge PA, Kendall JM. Sedation for children requiring wound repair: a randomised controlled double blind comparison of oral midazolam and oral ketamine. Emerg Med J 2001;18:30-3.
    • (2001) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.18 , pp. 30-33
    • Younge, P.A.1    Kendall, J.M.2
  • 44
    • 0035682743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous ketamine plus midazolam is superior to intranasal midazolam for emergency paediatric procedural sedation
    • Acworth JP, Purdie K, Clark RC. Intravenous ketamine plus midazolam is superior to intranasal midazolam for emergency paediatric procedural sedation. Emerg Med J 2001;18:39-45.
    • (2001) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.18 , pp. 39-45
    • Acworth, J.P.1    Purdie, K.2    Clark, R.C.3
  • 45
    • 0033842880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of adverse events with intramuscular ketamine sedation in children
    • Green SM, Kuppermann N, Rothrock SG, et al. Predictors of adverse events with intramuscular ketamine sedation in children. Ann Emerg Med 2000;35:35-42.
    • (2000) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.35 , pp. 35-42
    • Green, S.M.1    Kuppermann, N.2    Rothrock, S.G.3
  • 46
    • 0036270707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine vs. Propofol: How safe is safe enough
    • Kapklein MJ, Slonim AD. Ketamine vs. Propofol: How safe is safe enough. Crit Care Med 2002;30:1384-6.
    • (2002) Crit. Care Med. , vol.30 , pp. 1384-1386
    • Kapklein, M.J.1    Slonim, A.D.2
  • 47
    • 0029891907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine safety profile in the developing world: Survey of practioners
    • Green SM, Clem KJ, Rothrock SG. Ketamine safety profile in the developing world:survey of practioners. Acad Emerg Med 1996;3:598-604.
    • (1996) Acad. Emerg. Med. , vol.3 , pp. 598-604
    • Green, S.M.1    Clem, K.J.2    Rothrock, S.G.3
  • 48
    • 0025109843 scopus 로고
    • Where there is no anesthesiologist: The many uses of ketamine in the developing world
    • Ketchman DW. Where there is no anesthesiologist: the many uses of ketamine in the developing world. Trop Doct 1990;20:163-6.
    • (1990) Trop. Doct. , vol.20 , pp. 163-166
    • Ketchman, D.W.1
  • 49
    • 0027439647 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and magnitude of hypoxaemia with ketamine in a rural African hospital
    • Pederson L, Benumhof J. Incidence and magnitude of hypoxaemia with ketamine in a rural African hospital. Anaesthesia 1993;48:67-9.
    • (1993) Anaesthesia , vol.48 , pp. 67-69
    • Pederson, L.1    Benumhof, J.2
  • 50
    • 0030995340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine in the field: The use of ketamine for induction of anaesthesia before intubation in injured patients in the field
    • Gofrit ON, Leibovici D, Shemer J, et al. Ketamine in the field: the use of ketamine for induction of anaesthesia before intubation in injured patients in the field. Injury 1997;28:41-3.
    • (1997) Injury , vol.28 , pp. 41-43
    • Gofrit, O.N.1    Leibovici, D.2    Shemer, J.3
  • 51
    • 0028330815 scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia in northern Iraq: An audit from a field hospital
    • Tighe SQ, Rudland SV. Anesthesia in northern Iraq: an audit from a field hospital. Mil Med 1994;159:86-90.
    • (1994) Mil. Med. , vol.159 , pp. 86-90
    • Tighe, S.Q.1    Rudland, S.V.2
  • 53
    • 0023154432 scopus 로고
    • Medical statistics of battlefield casualties
    • Trouwborst A, Weber Bk, Dufour D. Medical statistics of battlefield casualties. Injury 1987;18:96-9.
    • (1987) Injury , vol.18 , pp. 96-99
    • Trouwborst, A.1    Weber, Bk.2    Dufour, D.3
  • 54
    • 0032825647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inadvertent ketamine overdose in children: Clinical manifestations and outcome
    • Green SM, Clark R, Hostetler MA, et al. Inadvertent ketamine overdose in children: clinical manifestations and outcome. Ann Emerg Med 1999;34:492-7.
    • (1999) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.34 , pp. 492-497
    • Green, S.M.1    Clark, R.2    Hostetler, M.A.3
  • 56
    • 0033885205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does adjuctive midazolam reduce recovery agitation after ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures? A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Sherwin TS, Green SM, Khan A, et al. Does adjuctive midazolam reduce recovery agitation after ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures? A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Emerg Med 2000;35:229-38.
    • (2000) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.35 , pp. 229-238
    • Sherwin, T.S.1    Green, S.M.2    Khan, A.3
  • 57
    • 0033662972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does midazolam alter the clinical effects of intravenous ketamine sedation in children? A double-blind, randomised, controlled emergency department trial
    • Wathen JE, Roback MG, MacKenzie T, et al. Does midazolam alter the clinical effects of intravenous ketamine sedation in children? A double-blind, randomised, controlled emergency department trial. Ann Emerg Med 2000;36:579-88.
    • (2000) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.36 , pp. 579-588
    • Wathen, J.E.1    Roback, M.G.2    MacKenzie, T.3
  • 58
    • 0035689126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Midazolam and emergence phenomena in children
    • Carley S, Martin B. Midazolam and emergence phenomena in children. Emerg Med J 2001;18:273-4.
    • (2001) Emerg. Med. J. , vol.18 , pp. 273-274
    • Carley, S.1    Martin, B.2
  • 59
    • 2342531345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating postoperative nausea in children
    • 428-30.3
    • Paxton D. Treating postoperative nausea in children. Hospital Update 1996:428-30.3.
    • (1996) Hospital Update
    • Paxton, D.1
  • 60
    • 0036143818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary aspiration risk during emergency department procedural sedation - An examination of the role of fasting and sedation depth
    • Green SM, Krauss B. Pulmonary aspiration risk during emergency department procedural sedation - an examination of the role of fasting and sedation depth. Acad Emerg Med 2002;9:35-42.
    • (2002) Acad. Emerg. Med. , vol.9 , pp. 35-42
    • Green, S.M.1    Krauss, B.2
  • 61
    • 0031687836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous ketamine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department: Safety profile with 156 cases
    • Green SM, Rothrock SG, Harris T, et al. Intravenous ketamine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department: safety profile with 156 cases. Acad Emerg Med 1998;5:971-6.
    • (1998) Acad. Emerg. Med. , vol.5 , pp. 971-976
    • Green, S.M.1    Rothrock, S.G.2    Harris, T.3
  • 62
    • 0032826463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse events of percedural sedation and analgesia in a pediatric emergency department
    • Peña BMG, Krauss B. Adverse events of percedural sedation and analgesia in a pediatric emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 1999;34:483-91.
    • (1999) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.34 , pp. 483-491
    • Peña, B.M.G.1    Krauss, B.2
  • 63
    • 0029286798 scopus 로고
    • Ketamine: The dissociative anesthetic and the development of a policy for its safe administration in the pediatric emergency department
    • Glickman A. Ketamine: the dissociative anesthetic and the development of a policy for its safe administration in the pediatric emergency department. J Emerg Nurs 1995;21:116-15.
    • (1995) J. Emerg. Nurs. , vol.21 , pp. 116-215
    • Glickman, A.1
  • 64
    • 0031657042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of fentanyl/midazolam with ketamine/midazolam for pediatric orthopedic emergencies
    • Kennedy RM, Porter F, Miller JP, et al. Comparison of fentanyl/midazolam with ketamine/midazolam for pediatric orthopedic emergencies. Pediatrics 1998;102):956-63.
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.102 , pp. 956-963
    • Kennedy, R.M.1    Porter, F.2    Miller, J.P.3
  • 66
    • 0032940630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the optimal dose of intramuscular ketamine for pediatric sedation?
    • Green SM, Hummel CB, Wittlake WA, et al. What is the optimal dose of intramuscular ketamine for pediatric sedation? Acad Emerg Med 1999;6:21-6.
    • (1999) Acad. Emerg. Med. , vol.6 , pp. 21-26
    • Green, S.M.1    Hummel, C.B.2    Wittlake, W.A.3
  • 67
    • 0034008089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combination of midazolam and ketamine for procedural sedation and analgesia in adult emergency department patients
    • Chudnofsky CR, Weber JE, Stoyanoff PJ, et al. A combination of midazolam and ketamine for procedural sedation and analgesia in adult emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med 2000;7:278-81.
    • (2000) Acad. Emerg. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 278-281
    • Chudnofsky, C.R.1    Weber, J.E.2    Stoyanoff, P.J.3
  • 68
    • 0004145321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing and ensuring safe sedation practice for healthcare procedures in adults. Report of an Intercollegiate Working Party chaired by the Royal College of Anaesthetists
    • UK Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and their Faculties. London: RCA
    • UK Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and their Faculties. Implementing and ensuring safe sedation practice for healthcare procedures in adults. Report of an Intercollegiate Working Party chaired by the Royal College of Anaesthetists. London: RCA, 2001.
    • (2001)
  • 69
    • 0842297233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standards for conscious sedation in dentistry. Report of an Independent Expert Working Group
    • Dental Teachers Sedation Group London: Dental Teachers Sedation Group, (accessed Jan 2003)
    • Dental Teachers Sedation Group. Standards for conscious sedation in dentistry. Report of an Independent Expert Working Group. London: Dental Teachers Sedation Group, 2000. http://www.dstg.co.uk/oct2000sicsfd/oct2000.htm (accessed Jan 2003).
    • (2000)
  • 71
    • 2342527478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidance on the provision of paediatric anaesthetic services
    • Royal College of Anaesthetists. London: RCA, (accessed Jan 2003)
    • Royal College of Anaesthetists. Guidance on the provision of paediatric anaesthetic services. London: RCA, 2001. htpp: //www.rcoa.ac.uk/dload/paediatric%20services.pdf (accessed Jan 2003).
    • (2001)
  • 72
    • 0033948059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern anesthesiologists receive limited training with ketamine - Implications for emergency medicine
    • [Letter]
    • Green SM. Modern anesthesiologists receive limited training with ketamine - implications for emergency medicine.[Letter]. Acad Emerg Med 2000;7:839-41.
    • (2000) Acad. Emerg. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 839-841
    • Green, S.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.