Environmental and human impact of an old-timer incinerator in terms of dioxin and PCB level: A case study

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 39, Issue 13, 2005, Pages 4721-4728

  Pirard, Catherine ^a   Eppe, Gauthier ^a   Massart, Anne Cécile ^a   Fierens, Sébastien ^a,b   De Pauw, Edwin ^a   Focant, Jean François ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTION; BODY FLUIDS; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; LIVING SYSTEMS STUDIES; MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING; PARTICULATE EMISSIONS; SOLID WASTES;

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATOR (MSWI); POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL (PCB); POLYCHLORODIBENZOFURAN (PCDF); WIND STREAM;

REFUSE INCINERATORS;

DIOXIN; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXIN; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURAN;

DIOXIN; INCINERATION; MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE; POLLUTION EFFECT; POLLUTION EXPOSURE;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; BELGIUM; CHICKEN; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; EGG; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; INCINERATION; NONHUMAN; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; RURAL AREA; SOIL ANALYSIS; SOLID WASTE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

AGED; ANIMALS; CHICKENS; DIOXINS; EGGS; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FEMALE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; FRANCE; HUMANS; INCINERATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; RURAL POPULATION; SOIL POLLUTANTS;

EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; EUROPE; FRANCE; WESTERN EUROPE; WORLD;

GALLUS GALLUS;

EID: 22044454850     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es0481981     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Olie, K.; Vermeulen, P. L.; Hutzinger, O. Chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurans are trace components of fly ash and flue gas of some municipal incinerators in The Netherlands. Chemosphere 1977, 6, 455-459.
2. Anderson, D. R.; Fisher, R. Sources of dioxins in the United Kingdom: the steel industry and other sources. Chemosphere 2002, 46, 371-381.
3. Eduljee, G. H.; Dyke, P. An updated inventory of potential PCDD and PCDF emission sources in the UK. Sci. Tot. Environ. 1996, 177, 303-321.
4. Lohmann, R.; Northcott, G. L.; Jones, K. C. Assessing the contribution of diffuse domestic burning as a source of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PAHs to the U.K. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34, 2892-2899.
5. Institut de Veille sanitaire (InVS), Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des aliments (Afssa). Incinérateurs et santé: Exposition aux dioxines de la population vivant à proximité des UIOM, 2003, pp 23-28, ISBN: 2-11-0993127-6.
6. Van Gerven, T.; Geysen, D.; Vandecasteele, C. Estimation of the contribution of a municipal waste incinerator to the overall emission and human intake of PCBs in Wilrijk, Flanders. Chemosphere 2004, 54, 1303-1308.
7. Luthardt, P.; Mayer, J.; Fuchs, J. Total TEQ emissions (PCDD/F and PCB) from industrial sources. Chemosphere 2002, 46, 1303-1308.
8. Brzuzy, L. P.; Hites, R. A. Estimating the atmospheric deposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1995, 29, 2090-2098.
9. Domingo, J. L.; Schuhmacher, M.; Granero, S.; Llobet, J. M.; De Kok, H. A. M. PCDD/F levels in the vicinity of an old municipal solid waste incinerator: temporal variation in soils. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1999, 36, 377-383.
10. Lorber, M.; Pinsky, P.; Gehring, P.; Braverman, C.; Winters, D.; Sovocool, W. Relationships between dioxins in soil, air, ash, and emissions from a municipal solid waste incinerator emitting large amounts of dioxins. Chemosphere 1998, 37, 2173-2197.
11. Harnly, M. E.; Petreas, M. X.; Flattery, J.; Goldman, L. R. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran contamination in soil and home-produced chicken eggs near pentachlorophenol sources. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34, 1143-1149.
12. Schuler, F.; Schmid, P.; Schlatter, C. The transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from soil into eggs of foraging chicken. Chemosphere 1997, 34, 711-718.
13. Stephens, R. D.; Petreas, M. X.; Hayward, D. G. Biotransfer and bioaccumulation of dioxins and furans from soil: chickens as a model for foraging animals. Sci. Tot. Environ. 1995, 175, 253-273.
14. Focant, J.-F.; Eppe, G.; Pirard, C.; De Pauw, E. Fast cleanup for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls analysis of high-fat-content biological samples. J. Chromatogr. A 2001, 925, 207-221.
15. Focant, J.-F.; De Pauw E. Fast automated extraction and cleanup of biological fluids for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls analysis. J. Chromatogr. B 2002, 776, 199-212.
16. Pirard, C.; Focant, J.-F.; De Pauw, E. An improved cleanup strategy for simultaneous analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in fatty food samples. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2002, 372, 373-381.
17. Akins, J. R.; Waldrep, K.; Bernert, J. T., Jr. The estimation o total serum lipids by a completely enzymatic "summation" method. Clin. Chim. Acta 1989, 184, 219-226.
18. Van den Berg, M.; Birnbaum, L.; Bosveld, A. T. C.; Brunström, B.; Cook, P.; Feeley, M.; Giesy, J. P.; Hanberg, A.; Hasegawa, R.; Kennedy, S. W.; Kubiak, T.; Larsen, J. C.; van Leeuwen, F. X. R.; Liem, A. K. D.; Nolt, C.; Peterson, R. E.; Poellinger, L.; Safe, S.; Schrenk, D.; Tillitt, D.; Tysklind, M.; Younes, M.; Waern, F.; Zacharewski, T. Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife. Environ. Health Perspect. 1998, 106, 775-792.
19. Final report of the Convention Region Wallonne no. 981/3901, 2001.
20. Schuhmacher, M.; Granero, S.; Xifro, A.; Domingo, J. L.; Rivera, J.; Eljarrat, E. Levels of PCDD/Fs in soil samples in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator. Chemosphere 1998, 37, 2127-2137.
21. Schuhmacher, M.; Xifro, A.; Llobet, J. M.; de Kok, H. A.; Domingo, J. L. PCDD/Fs in soil samples collected in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator: human health risks. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1997, 33, 239-246.
22. Schuhmacher, M.; Granero, S.; Rivera, J.; Muller, L.; Llobet, J. M.; Domingo, J. L. Atmospheric deposition of PCDD/Fs near an old municipal solid waste incinerator: levels in soil and vegetation. Chemosphere 2000, 40, 593-600.
23. Rotard, W.; Christmann, W.; Knoth, W. Background levels of PCDD/F in soils of Germany. Chemosphere 1994, 29, 2193-2200.
24. Schuhmacher, M.; Granero, S.; Llobet, J. M.; De Kok, H. A. M.; Domingo, J. L. Assessment of baseline levels of PCDD/F in soils in the neighborhood of a new hazardous waste incinerator in Catalonia, Spain. Chemosphere 1997, 35, 1947-1958.
25. Alcock, R. E.; Johnston, A. E.; McGrath, S. P.; Berrow, M. L.; Jones, K. C. Long-term changes in the polychlorinated biphenyl content of United Kingdom soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1993, 27, 1918-1923.
26. Covaci, A.; Manirakiza, P.; Schepens, P. Persistent organochloride pollutants in soils from Belgium, Italy, Greece and Romania. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2002, 68, 97-103.
27. Manz, M.; Wenzel, K. D.; Dietze, U.; Schuurmann, G. Persistent organic pollutants in agricultural soils of central Germany. Sci Tot. Environ. 2001, 277, 187-198.
28. Backe, C.; Cousins, I. T.; Larsson, P. PCB in soils and estimated soil-air exchange fluxes of selected PCB congeners in the south of Sweden. Environ. Pollut. 2004, 128, 59-72.
29. Jimenez, B.; Eljarrat, E.; Hernandez, L. M.; Rivera, J.; Gonzales, M. J. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in soils near a clinical waste incinerator in Madrid, Spain. Chemosphere 1996, 32, 1327-1348.
30. Compilation of EU Dioxin exposure and health data- task 2 - Environmental levels. 1999, p 6/13-Table 2.
31. Basler, A. Dioxins and related compounds - Status and regulatory aspects in Germany. Environ. Sci., Pollut. Res. 1995, 2, 117-121.
32. Domingo, J. L.; Schuhmacher, M.; Muller, L.; Rivera, J.; Granero, S.; Llobet, J. M. Evaluating the environmental impact of an old municipal waste incinerator: PCDD/F levels in soil and vegetation samples. J. Hazard. Mater. 2000, 76, 1-12.
33. Eljarrat, E.; Monjonell, A.; Caixach, J.; Rivera, J. Toxic Potency of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Food Samples from Catalonia (Spain). J. Agric. Food Chem. 2002, 50, 1161-1167.
34. Llobet, J. M.; Bocio, A.; Domingo, J. L.; Teixido, A.; Casas, C.; Muller, L. Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in foods from Catalonia, Spain: estimated dietary intake. J. Food Prot. 2003, 66, 479-484.
35. Hosseinpour, J.; Rottler, H.; Joas, R.; Potrykus, A.; Schott, R. Dioxin-like PCB levels in feed and food across the European Union. Organohalogen Compd. 2002, 57, 77-79.
36. Council Regulation No. 2375/2001. Official Journal of the European Communities, 6.12.2001, 2001, L321/1-5.
37. Traag, W.; Portier, L.; Bovee, T.; van der Weg, G.; Onstenk, C.; Elghouch, N.; Coors, R.; v.d. Kraats, C.; Hoogenboom, R. Residues of dioxins and coplanar PCBs in eggs of free range chickens. Organohalogen Compd. 2002, 57, 245-248.
38. Malisch, R. Update of PCDD/PCDF-Intake from food in Germany. Chemosphere 1998, 37, 1687-1698.
39. Pussemier, L.; Mohimont, L.; Huyghebaert, A.; Goeyens, L. Enhanced levels of dioxins in eggs from free range hens; a fast evaluation approach. Talanta 2004, 63, 1273-1276.
40. Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des aliments (Afssa). Dioxines: données de contamination et d'exposition de la population française, 2000. Available: http://www.afssa.fr/ftp/afssa/ basedoc/Dioxines2bis.pdf.
41. World Health Organization (VVHO). Consultation on assessment of the health risk of dioxins; reevaluation of the tolerable daily intake (TDI): executive summary. Food Addit. Contam. 2000, 17, 223-240.
42. European Commission's advisory Scientific Committee on Food (SCF). SCF/CS/CNTM/DIOXIN/20 final. 2000. Available: http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fs/ sc/scf/out90_en.pdf.
43. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). WHO Technical Report Series 2002, No. 909.
44. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The 1994 EPA Dioxin Reassessment. Health Assessment, 1994, Volume III: Risk Characterization.
45. Wingfors, H.; Lindstrom, G.; Van Bavel, B.; Schuhmacher, M.; Hardell, L. Multivariate data evaluation of PCB and dioxin profiles in the general population in Sweden and Spain. Chemosphere 2000, 40, 1083-1088.
46. Voorspoels, S.; Covaci, A.; Maervoet, J.; Schepens, P. Relationship between age and levels of organochlorine contaminants in human serum of a Belgian population. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2002, 69, 22-29.
47. Humphrey, HE.; Gardiner, J. C.; Pandya, J. R.; Sweeney, A. M.; Gasior, D. M.; McCaffrey, R. J.; Schantz, S. L. PCB congener profile in the serum of humans consuming Great Lakes fish. Environ. Health Perspect. 2000, 108, 167-172.
48. Jimenez, B.; Hernandez, L. M.; Eljarrat, E.; Rivera, J.; Gonzalez, M. J. Levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and nonortho PCBs in serum samples of nonexposed individuals living in Madrid (Spain). Chemosphere 1996, 33, 2403-2410.
49. Arfi, C.; Seta, N.; Fraisse, D.; Revel, A.; Escande, J.-P.; Momas, I. Dioxins in adipose tissue of nonoccupationally exposed persons in France: correlation with individual food exposure. Chemosphere 2001, 44, 1347-1352.
50. Kim, B. H.; Ikonomou, M. G.; Lee, S. J.; Kim, H. S.; Chang, Y. S. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dicixins and dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls in human blood samples from Korea. Sci. Total Environ. 2005, 336, 45-56.
51. Fierens, S.; Mairesse, H.; Hermans, C.; Bernard, A.; Eppe, G.; Focant, J.-F.; De Pauw, E. Dioxin Accumulation in Residents Around Incinerators. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, Part A 2003, 66, 1287-1293.
52. Goldman, L. R.; Harnly, M.; Flattery, J.; Patterson, D. G., Jr.; Needham, L. L. Serum polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans among people eating contaminated home-produced eggs and beef. Environ. Health Perspect. 2000, 108, 13-19.
53. Anderson, H. A.; Falk, C.; Hanrahan, L.; Olson, J.; Burse, V. W.; Needham, L.; Paschal, D.; Patterson, D., Jr.; Hill, R. H., Jr. Profiles of Great Lakes critical pollutants: a sentinel analysis of human blood and urine. The Great. Lakes Consortium. Environ. Health Perspect. 1998, 106, 279-289.
54. Johansen, H. R.; Alexander, J.; Rossland, O. J.; Planting, S.; Lovik, M.; Gaarder, P. I.; Gdynia, W.; Bjerve, K. S.; Becher, G. PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in human blood in relation to consumption of crabs from a contaminated fjord area in Norway. Environ. Health Perspect. 1996, 104, 756-764.