Modelling of output factors for conformal megavoltage X-ray beams

British Journal of Radiology

Volumn 78, Issue 931, 2005, Pages 612-622

  Redpath, A T ^a  

^a WESTERN GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; AUTOMATION; CALCULATION; COMPUTER PROGRAM; CONTROLLED STUDY; GEOMETRY; LINEAR ACCELERATOR; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; MEGAVOLTAGE RADIATION; PHANTOM; PROCESS OPTIMIZATION; RADIATION BEAM; RADIATION ENERGY; RADIATION SCATTERING; RADIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; X RAY;

ALGORITHMS; HUMANS; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; PHANTOMS, IMAGING; RADIOTHERAPY DOSAGE; RADIOTHERAPY, CONFORMAL; RADIOTHERAPY, HIGH-ENERGY; SCATTERING, RADIATION; TECHNOLOGY, RADIOLOGIC;

EID: 21644444514     PISSN: 00071285     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1259/bjr/35564097     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. van Gasteren JJM, Heukelom S, van Kleffens HJ, van der Laarse R, Venselaar JLM, Westermann CF. The determination of phantom and scatter components of the output of megavoltage photon beams: measurement of the collimator scatter part with a beam-coaxial narrow cylindrical phantom. Radiother Oncol 1991;20:250-7.
2. Kahn FM, Sewchand W, Lee J, Williamson JF. Revision of tissue maximum ratio and scatter maximum ratio concepts for cobalt 60 and higher energy x-ray beams. Med Phys 1980;7:230-7.
3. Ahensjo A. Analytic modeling of photon scatter from flattening filters in photon therapy beams. Med Phys 1994;21:1227-35.
4. Ahensjo A. Collimator scatter in photon therapy beams. Med Phys 1995;22:267-78.
5. Chaney EL, Cullip TJ. A Monte Carlo study of accelerator head scatter. Med Phys 1994;21:1383-90.
6. Hounsell AR, Wilkinson JM. Head scatter modelling for irregular field shaping and beam intensity modulation. Phys Med Biol 1997;42:1737-49.
7. Dunscombe PB, Nieminen JM. On the field size dependence of relative output from a linear accelerator. Med Phys 1992;19:1441-4.
8. Yu MK, Sloboda R. Analytical representation of head scatter factors for shaped photon beams using a two component x-ray source model. Med Phys 1996;23:973-84.
9. Kim S, Palta JR, Zhu TC. A generalized solution for the calculation of in-air output factors in irregular fields. Med Phys 1998;25:1692-701.
10. Jiang SB, Boyer AL, Ma C. Modeling the extra focal radiation and monitor chamber backscatter for photon beam dose calculation. Med Phys 2001;28:55-66.
11. McKerracher C, Thwaites DI. Analysis of methodology for scatter measurements in small fields. Radiother Oncol 2002;64(Suppl. 1):S43.
12. Kase KR, Svensson GK. Head scatter data for several linear accelerators (4-18 MV). Med Phys 1986;13:530-2.
13. Jaffray DA, Battista JJ, Fenster A, Munro P. X-ray sources of medical linear accelerators: focal and extra-focal radiation. Med Phys 1993;20:1417-27.
14. Zhu TC, Bjarngard BE. Modeling the output ratio in-air for megavoltage photon beams. Med Phys 2001;28:925-37.
15. Jursinic PA. Clinical implementation of a two-component x-ray source model for calculation of head scatter factors. Med Phys 1997;24:2001-7.
16. Lam KL, Muthuswamy MS, Ten Haken RK. Flattening-filter-based empirical methods to parameterize the head scatter factor. Med Phys 1996;23:343-52.
17. Olofsson J, Georg D, Karlsson M. A widely tested model for head scatter influence on photon beam output. Radiother Oncol 2003;67:225-38.
18. Liu HH, Mackie TR, McCullough EC. A dual source photon beam model used in convolution/superposition dose calculations for clinical megavoltage x-ray beams. Med Phys 1997;24:1960-74.
19. Liu HH, Mackie TR, McCullough EC. Calculating output factors for photon beam radiotherapy using a convolution/superposition method based on a dual source photon beam model. Med Phys 1997;24:1975-85.
20. Jordan TJ. Central axis depth dose data for use in radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 1996;(Suppl. 25):72.
21. Kirkpatrick S, Gelatt CD, Vecchi M. Optimisation by simulated annealing. Science 1983;220:671-80.
22. C-Series Clinac: Enhanced dynamic wedge implementation guide, Varian Oncology Systems. 1996 (1103580-01).