-
1
-
-
0028488874
-
Probabilistic health risk assessment for exposures to estuary sediments and biota contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated terphenyls, and other toxic substances
-
Adams, M.R., Hanna, C.A., Mayernick, J.A., and Mendez, W.M. 1994. Probabilistic health risk assessment for exposures to estuary sediments and biota contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated terphenyls, and other toxic substances. Risk Anal. 14, 4, 577-594.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 577-594
-
-
Adams, M.R.1
Hanna, C.A.2
Mayernick, J.A.3
Mendez, W.M.4
-
2
-
-
26444537583
-
-
Washington, DC, American Industrial Health Council, September
-
AIHC (American Industrial Health Council). 1992. Improving Risk Characterization. Washington, DC, American Industrial Health Council, September.
-
(1992)
Improving Risk Characterization
-
-
-
3
-
-
0343237307
-
-
Washington, DC, American Industrial Health Council, November
-
AIHC (American Industrial Health Council). 1995. Advances in Risk Characterization. Washington, DC, American Industrial Health Council, November.
-
(1995)
Advances in Risk Characterization
-
-
-
4
-
-
0001009063
-
Improving risk management by characterizing reality: A benefit of probabilistic risk assessment
-
Anderson, P.D. and Yuhas, A.L. 1996. Improving risk management by characterizing reality: A benefit of probabilistic risk assessment. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2, 1, 55-58.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, Issue.1
, pp. 55-58
-
-
Anderson, P.D.1
Yuhas, A.L.2
-
5
-
-
15844368450
-
Is there a role for benefit-cost analysis in environmental, health, and safety regulation?
-
Arrow, K.J., Cropper, M.L., Eads, G.C., Hahn, R.W., Lave, L.B., Noll, R.G., Portney, P.R., Russell, M., Schmalensee, R., Smith, V.K., and Stavins, R.N. 1996. Is there a role for benefit-cost analysis in environmental, health, and safety regulation? Science 272, 221-222.
-
(1996)
Science
, vol.272
, pp. 221-222
-
-
Arrow, K.J.1
Cropper, M.L.2
Eads, G.C.3
Hahn, R.W.4
Lave, L.B.5
Noll, R.G.6
Portney, P.R.7
Russell, M.8
Schmalensee, R.9
Smith, V.K.10
Stavins, R.N.11
-
6
-
-
0002775591
-
Noncancer risk assessment: A probabilistic alternative to current practice
-
Baird, S.J.S., Cohen, J.T., Graham, J.D., Shlyakhter, A.I., and Evans, J.S. 1996 Noncancer risk assessment: A probabilistic alternative to current practice. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2, 1, 79-102.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, Issue.1
, pp. 79-102
-
-
Baird, S.J.S.1
Cohen, J.T.2
Graham, J.D.3
Shlyakhter, A.I.4
Evans, J.S.5
-
8
-
-
0343796833
-
-
Produced for U.S. EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, March 1993
-
Bloom, D.L., Byrne, D.M., and Andresen, J.M. 1993. Communicating Risk to Senior EPA Policy Makers: A Focus Group Study. Produced for U.S. EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, March 1993.
-
(1993)
Communicating Risk to Senior EPA Policy Makers: A Focus Group Study
-
-
Bloom, D.L.1
Byrne, D.M.2
Andresen, J.M.3
-
10
-
-
0028111902
-
A note on compounded conservatism
-
Bogen, K.T. 1994. A note on compounded conservatism. Risk Anal. 14, 4, 379-381.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 379-381
-
-
Bogen, K.T.1
-
11
-
-
0023523194
-
Integrating uncertainty and variability in environmental risk assessment
-
Bogen, K.T. and Spear, R.C. 1987. Integrating uncertainty and variability in environmental risk assessment. Risk Anal. 7, 427-436.
-
(1987)
Risk Anal.
, vol.7
, pp. 427-436
-
-
Bogen, K.T.1
Spear, R.C.2
-
12
-
-
0029609167
-
Updating uncertainty in an integrated risk assessment: Conceptual framework and methods
-
Brand, K.P. and Small, M.J. 1995. Updating uncertainty in an integrated risk assessment: Conceptual framework and methods. Risk Anal. 15, 6, 719-732.
-
(1995)
Risk Anal.
, vol.15
, Issue.6
, pp. 719-732
-
-
Brand, K.P.1
Small, M.J.2
-
13
-
-
4243992499
-
-
Memorandum from Carol Browner, EPA Administrator dated March 21, 1995
-
Browner, C. 1995. Policy for Risk Characterization. Memorandum from Carol Browner, EPA Administrator dated March 21, 1995.
-
(1995)
Policy for Risk Characterization
-
-
Browner, C.1
-
14
-
-
0141618009
-
Mathematical properties of the risk equation when variance is present
-
Burmaster, D.E. and Bloomfield, L.R. 1996. Mathematical properties of the risk equation when variance is present. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2, 2, 348-355.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, Issue.2
, pp. 348-355
-
-
Burmaster, D.E.1
Bloomfield, L.R.2
-
15
-
-
26444576027
-
Are all distributions of risk with the same 95th percentile equally acceptable?
-
In press
-
Burmaster, D.E. and Edelmann, K. 1996. Are all distributions of risk with the same 95th percentile equally acceptable? Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. In press.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
-
-
Burmaster, D.E.1
Edelmann, K.2
-
16
-
-
0027251428
-
The magnitude of compounding conservatisms in Superfund risk assessments
-
Burmaster, D.E. and Harris, R.H. 1993. The magnitude of compounding conservatisms in Superfund risk assessments. Risk Anal. 13, 2, 131-143.
-
(1993)
Risk Anal.
, vol.13
, Issue.2
, pp. 131-143
-
-
Burmaster, D.E.1
Harris, R.H.2
-
17
-
-
84952385561
-
The need for new methods to backcalculate soil cleanup targets in interval and probabilistic cancer risk assessments
-
Burmaster, D.E., Lloyd, K.J., and Thompson, K.M. 1995. The need for new methods to backcalculate soil cleanup targets in interval and probabilistic cancer risk assessments. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 1, 1, 89-100.
-
(1995)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.1
, Issue.1
, pp. 89-100
-
-
Burmaster, D.E.1
Lloyd, K.J.2
Thompson, K.M.3
-
18
-
-
0000143361
-
Backcalculating cleanup targets in probabilistic risk assessments when acceptability of cancer risk is defined under different risk management policies
-
Burmaster, D.E. and Thompson, K.M. 1995. Backcalculating cleanup targets in probabilistic risk assessments when acceptability of cancer risk is defined under different risk management policies. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 1, 1, 101-120.
-
(1995)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.1
, Issue.1
, pp. 101-120
-
-
Burmaster, D.E.1
Thompson, K.M.2
-
19
-
-
0001009062
-
Logical probability and risk assessment
-
Carrington, C.D. 1996. Logical probability and risk assessment. Hum. Ecol.Risk Assess. 2, 1, 62-78.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol.Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, Issue.1
, pp. 62-78
-
-
Carrington, C.D.1
-
20
-
-
21444448434
-
The use of two-stage Monte Carlo simulation techniques to characterize uncertainty and variability in risk analysis
-
Submitted
-
Cohen, J.T., Lampson, M.A., and Bowers, T.S. 1996. The use of two-stage Monte Carlo simulation techniques to characterize uncertainty and variability in risk analysis. Submitted to Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2, 939-972.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, pp. 939-972
-
-
Cohen, J.T.1
Lampson, M.A.2
Bowers, T.S.3
-
22
-
-
0019748016
-
Methods of uncertainty analysis: A comparative survey
-
Cox, D.C. and Baybutt, P. 1981. Methods of uncertainty analysis: A comparative survey. Risk Anal. 1, 4, 251-258.
-
(1981)
Risk Anal.
, vol.1
, Issue.4
, pp. 251-258
-
-
Cox, D.C.1
Baybutt, P.2
-
23
-
-
0027938494
-
Measures of compounding conservatism in probabilistic risk assessment
-
Cullen, A.C. 1994. Measures of compounding conservatism in probabilistic risk assessment. Risk Anal. 14, 4, 389-393.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 389-393
-
-
Cullen, A.C.1
-
24
-
-
0029329115
-
The sensitivity of probabilistic risk assessment results to alternative model structures: A case study for municipal waste incineration
-
Cullen, A.C. 1995. The sensitivity of probabilistic risk assessment results to alternative model structures: A case study for municipal waste incineration. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 45, 538-546.
-
(1995)
J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
, vol.45
, pp. 538-546
-
-
Cullen, A.C.1
-
26
-
-
0028616980
-
Risk-based environmental remediation: Decision framework and role of uncertainty
-
Dakins, M.E., Toll, J.E., and Small, M.J. 1994. Risk-based environmental remediation: Decision framework and role of uncertainty. Environ. Tox. Chem. 13, 12, 1907-1915.
-
(1994)
Environ. Tox. Chem.
, vol.13
, Issue.12
, pp. 1907-1915
-
-
Dakins, M.E.1
Toll, J.E.2
Small, M.J.3
-
27
-
-
0029669727
-
Risk-based environmental remediation: Bayesian Monte Carlo analysis and the expected value of sample information
-
Dakins, M.E., Toll, J.E., Small, M.J., and Brand, K.P. 1996. Risk-based environmental remediation: Bayesian Monte Carlo analysis and the expected value of sample information. Risk Anal. 16, 1, 67-80.
-
(1996)
Risk Anal.
, vol.16
, Issue.1
, pp. 67-80
-
-
Dakins, M.E.1
Toll, J.E.2
Small, M.J.3
Brand, K.P.4
-
29
-
-
0023813660
-
A Monte Carlo analysis of health risks from PCB-contaminated mineral oil transformer fires
-
Eschenroeder, A.Q. and Faeder, E.J. 1988. A Monte Carlo analysis of health risks from PCB-contaminated mineral oil transformer fires. Risk Anal. 8, 291-299.
-
(1988)
Risk Anal.
, vol.8
, pp. 291-299
-
-
Eschenroeder, A.Q.1
Faeder, E.J.2
-
30
-
-
0028297491
-
A distributional characterization of cancer risk from formaldehyde exposure
-
Evans, J.S., Graham, J.D., Gray, G.M., and Sielken, R.L. 1994a. A distributional characterization of cancer risk from formaldehyde exposure. Risk Anal. 14, 1, 25-34.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.1
, pp. 25-34
-
-
Evans, J.S.1
Graham, J.D.2
Gray, G.M.3
Sielken, R.L.4
-
31
-
-
0027981369
-
Use of probabilistic expert judgment in uncertainty analysis of carcinogenic potency
-
Evans, J.S., Gray, G.M., Sielken, R.L., Smith, A.E., Valdez-Flores, C., and Graham, J.D. 1994b. Use of probabilistic expert judgment in uncertainty analysis of carcinogenic potency. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 20, 15-36.
-
(1994)
Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
, vol.20
, pp. 15-36
-
-
Evans, J.S.1
Gray, G.M.2
Sielken, R.L.3
Smith, A.E.4
Valdez-Flores, C.5
Graham, J.D.6
-
32
-
-
0024110924
-
The value of monitoring for radon in the home: A decision analysis
-
Evans, J.S., Hawkins, N., and Graham, J. 1988. The value of monitoring for radon in the home: A decision analysis. JAPCA 38, 11, 1380-1385.
-
(1988)
JAPCA
, vol.38
, Issue.11
, pp. 1380-1385
-
-
Evans, J.S.1
Hawkins, N.2
Graham, J.3
-
34
-
-
84994963961
-
Edifying presentation of risk estimates: Not as easy as it seems
-
Finkel, A.M. 1991. Edifying presentation of risk estimates: Not as easy as it seems. J. Policy Anal. Manage. 10, 2, 296-303.
-
(1991)
J. Policy Anal. Manage.
, vol.10
, Issue.2
, pp. 296-303
-
-
Finkel, A.M.1
-
35
-
-
0028148544
-
Stepping out of your own shadow: A didactic example of how facing uncertainty can improve decision-making
-
Finkel, A.M. 1994. Stepping out of your own shadow: A didactic example of how facing uncertainty can improve decision-making. Risk Anal. 14, 5, 751-761.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.5
, pp. 751-761
-
-
Finkel, A.M.1
-
36
-
-
0023434273
-
Evaluation the benefits of uncertainty reduction in environmental health risk management
-
Finkel, A.M. and Evans, J.S. 1987. Evaluation the benefits of uncertainty reduction in environmental health risk management. JAPCA 37, 1164-1171.
-
(1987)
JAPCA
, vol.37
, pp. 1164-1171
-
-
Finkel, A.M.1
Evans, J.S.2
-
37
-
-
0028213348
-
The benefits of probabilistic exposure assessment: Three case studies involving contaminated air, water, and soil
-
Finley, B.L. and Paustenbach, D.J. 1994. The benefits of probabilistic exposure assessment: Three case studies involving contaminated air, water, and soil. Risk Anal. 14, 1, 53-73.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.1
, pp. 53-73
-
-
Finley, B.L.1
Paustenbach, D.J.2
-
38
-
-
0028577154
-
The risks of 'putting the numbers in context:' a cautionary tale
-
Freudenberg, W.R. and Rursch, J.A. 1994. The risks of 'putting the numbers in context:' A cautionary tale. Risk Anal. 14, 6, 949-950.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.6
, pp. 949-950
-
-
Freudenberg, W.R.1
Rursch, J.A.2
-
39
-
-
0003717098
-
-
Washington, DC, Directorate for Science and Policy Programs, American Association for the Advancement of Science, September
-
Frey, H.C. 1992. Quantitative Analysis of Uncertainty and Variability in Environmental Policy Making. Washington, DC, Directorate for Science and Policy Programs, American Association for the Advancement of Science, September.
-
(1992)
Quantitative Analysis of Uncertainty and Variability in Environmental Policy Making
-
-
Frey, H.C.1
-
40
-
-
21444446390
-
Characterizing, simulating, and analyzing variability and uncertainty: An illustration of methods using an air toxics emissions example
-
Frey, H.C. and Rhodes, D.S. 1996. Characterizing, simulating, and analyzing variability and uncertainty: An illustration of methods using an air toxics emissions example. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2, 4, 762-797.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, Issue.4
, pp. 762-797
-
-
Frey, H.C.1
Rhodes, D.S.2
-
41
-
-
84928459682
-
Cancer in the courtroom: Risk assessment in the post-benzene era
-
Graham, J.D. 1987. Cancer in the courtroom: Risk assessment in the post-benzene era. J. Policy Anal. Manage. 6, 3, 432-450.
-
(1987)
J. Policy Anal. Manage.
, vol.6
, Issue.3
, pp. 432-450
-
-
Graham, J.D.1
-
42
-
-
0021393408
-
A probabilistic analysis of the passive-restraint question
-
Graham, J.D. and Henrion, M. 1984. A probabilistic analysis of the passive-restraint question. Risk Anal. 4, 1, 25-40.
-
(1984)
Risk Anal.
, vol.4
, Issue.1
, pp. 25-40
-
-
Graham, J.D.1
Henrion, M.2
-
45
-
-
0003987331
-
-
Memorandum from F. Henry Habicht, EPA Deputy Administrator dated February 26, 1992 (reprinted Appendix B in NAS, 1994)
-
Habicht, F.H. 1992. Guidance on Risk Characterization for Risk Managers and Risk Assessors. Memorandum from F. Henry Habicht, EPA Deputy Administrator dated February 26, 1992 (reprinted Appendix B in NAS, 1994).
-
(1992)
Guidance on Risk Characterization for Risk Managers and Risk Assessors
-
-
Habicht, F.H.1
-
46
-
-
0028034026
-
When and how you can specify a probability distribution when you don't know much
-
Haimes, Y.Y., Barry, T. and Lambert, J.H. 1994. When and how you can specify a probability distribution when you don't know much. Risk Anal. 14, 5, 661-706.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.5
, pp. 661-706
-
-
Haimes, Y.Y.1
Barry, T.2
Lambert, J.H.3
-
49
-
-
0000739413
-
Human interindividual variability in cancer risks - Technical and management challenges
-
Hattis, D. and Barlow, K. 1996. Human interindividual variability in cancer risks - Technical and management challenges. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2, 1, 194-220.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, Issue.1
, pp. 194-220
-
-
Hattis, D.1
Barlow, K.2
-
50
-
-
0028149336
-
Assessment of variability and uncertainty distributions for practical risk analysis
-
Hattis, D. and Burmaster, D.E. 1994. Assessment of variability and uncertainty distributions for practical risk analysis. Risk Anal. 14, 5, 713-730.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.5
, pp. 713-730
-
-
Hattis, D.1
Burmaster, D.E.2
-
51
-
-
0025993806
-
Conservatism in maximally exposed individual (MEI) predictive exposure assessments: A first cut analysis
-
Hawkins, N.C. 1991. Conservatism in maximally exposed individual (MEI) predictive exposure assessments: A first cut analysis. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 14, 107-117.
-
(1991)
Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
, vol.14
, pp. 107-117
-
-
Hawkins, N.C.1
-
52
-
-
0027810117
-
Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques for use in performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal
-
Helton, J.C. 1993. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques for use in performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal. Reliability Eng. Syst. Saf. 42, 327-367.
-
(1993)
Reliability Eng. Syst. Saf.
, vol.42
, pp. 327-367
-
-
Helton, J.C.1
-
53
-
-
85033043213
-
-
Personal communication with F. Owen Hoffman, SENES Oak Ridge Inc., Center for Risk Analysis, September 26
-
Hoffman, F.O. 1996. Personal communication with F. Owen Hoffman, SENES Oak Ridge Inc., Center for Risk Analysis, September 26.
-
(1996)
-
-
Hoffman, F.O.1
-
54
-
-
0028131950
-
Propagation of uncertainty in risk assessments: The need to distinguish between uncertainty due to lack of knowledge and uncertainty due to variability
-
Hoffman, F.O. and Hammonds, J.S. 1994. Propagation of uncertainty in risk assessments: The need to distinguish between uncertainty due to lack of knowledge and uncertainty due to variability. Risk Anal. 14, 5, 661-706.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.5
, pp. 661-706
-
-
Hoffman, F.O.1
Hammonds, J.S.2
-
55
-
-
0040109516
-
The role of uncertainty analysis in dose reconstruction and risk assessment
-
April 1995
-
Hoffman, F.O., Simon, S.L., and Thiessen, K.M. 1996. The role of uncertainty analysis in dose reconstruction and risk assessment. Presented at the 31st Annual Meeting of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements in Arlington, VA, April 1995.
-
(1996)
31st Annual Meeting of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements in Arlington, VA
-
-
Hoffman, F.O.1
Simon, S.L.2
Thiessen, K.M.3
-
56
-
-
0018943836
-
An assessment of decision analysis
-
Howard, R.A. 1980. An assessment of decision analysis. Operations Res. 28, 1, 4-27.
-
(1980)
Operations Res.
, vol.28
, Issue.1
, pp. 4-27
-
-
Howard, R.A.1
-
57
-
-
0004091215
-
Evaluating the Reliability of Predictions Using Environmental Transfer Models
-
Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, Safety Practice Publications of the IAEA
-
IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency). 1989. Evaluating the Reliability of Predictions Using Environmental Transfer Models. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, Safety Practice Publications of the IAEA, IAEA Safety Series No. 100.
-
(1989)
IAEA Safety Series No. 100
-
-
-
58
-
-
0023523236
-
Graphical communication of uncertain quantities to nontechnical people
-
Ibrekk, H. and Morgan, M.G. 1983. Graphical communication of uncertain quantities to nontechnical people. Risk Anal. 7, 4, 519-529.
-
(1983)
Risk Anal.
, vol.7
, Issue.4
, pp. 519-529
-
-
Ibrekk, H.1
Morgan, M.G.2
-
59
-
-
0023822856
-
An investigation of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques for computer models
-
Iman, R.L., and Helton, J.C. 1988. An investigation of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques for computer models. Risk Anal. 8, 1, 71-90.
-
(1988)
Risk Anal.
, vol.8
, Issue.1
, pp. 71-90
-
-
Iman, R.L.1
Helton, J.C.2
-
60
-
-
85033047556
-
-
(IUD vs. API) Industrial Union Department v. American Petroleum Institute. 1980. 448 U.S. Sup. Ct., 607
-
(IUD vs. API) Industrial Union Department v. American Petroleum Institute. 1980. 448 U.S. Sup. Ct., 607.
-
-
-
-
61
-
-
0028722904
-
'Improving' risk communication and risk management: Legislated solutions or legislated disasters?
-
Johnson, B.B. and Slovic, P. 1994. 'Improving' risk communication and risk management: Legislated solutions or legislated disasters? Risk Anal. 14, 6, 905-906.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.6
, pp. 905-906
-
-
Johnson, B.B.1
Slovic, P.2
-
62
-
-
0028972288
-
Presenting uncertainty in health risk assessment: Initial studies of its effects on risk perception and trust
-
Johnson, B.B. and Slovic, P. 1995. Presenting uncertainty in health risk assessment: Initial studies of its effects on risk perception and trust. Risk Anal. 15, 4, 485-494.
-
(1995)
Risk Anal.
, vol.15
, Issue.4
, pp. 485-494
-
-
Johnson, B.B.1
Slovic, P.2
-
63
-
-
0025196990
-
Mortality risks due to economic expenditures
-
Keeney, R.L. 1990. Mortality risks due to economic expenditures. Risk Anal. 10, 147-159.
-
(1990)
Risk Anal.
, vol.10
, pp. 147-159
-
-
Keeney, R.L.1
-
64
-
-
21344485321
-
Mortality risks induced by the costs of regulations
-
Keeney, R.L. 1994. Mortality risks induced by the costs of regulations. J. Risk Uncert. 6, 95-110.
-
(1994)
J. Risk Uncert.
, vol.6
, pp. 95-110
-
-
Keeney, R.L.1
-
66
-
-
0026321828
-
Regulating environmental carcinogens: Where do we draw the line?
-
Kocher, D.C. and Hoffman, F.O. 1991. Regulating environmental carcinogens: Where do we draw the line? Environ. Sci. Tech. 25, 12, 1987-1989.
-
(1991)
Environ. Sci. Tech.
, vol.25
, Issue.12
, pp. 1987-1989
-
-
Kocher, D.C.1
Hoffman, F.O.2
-
67
-
-
0024289475
-
Information value of the rodent bioassay
-
Lave, L.B., Ennever, F.K., Rosenkranz, H.S., and Omenn, G.S. 1988. Information value of the rodent bioassay. Nature 336, 631-633.
-
(1988)
Nature
, vol.336
, pp. 631-633
-
-
Lave, L.B.1
Ennever, F.K.2
Rosenkranz, H.S.3
Omenn, G.S.4
-
68
-
-
0026504372
-
Uncertainty in risk assessment: Exceedence frequencies, acceptable risk, and risk-based decision making
-
Lipton, J. and Gillett, J.W. 1992. Uncertainty in risk assessment: Exceedence frequencies, acceptable risk, and risk-based decision making. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 15, 51-61.
-
(1992)
Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
, vol.15
, pp. 51-61
-
-
Lipton, J.1
Gillett, J.W.2
-
69
-
-
0028915868
-
Short communication: Selecting input distributions for use in Monte Carlo simulations
-
Lipton, J., Shaw, W.D., Holmes, J., and Patterson, A. 1995. Short communication: Selecting input distributions for use in Monte Carlo simulations. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 21, 192-198.
-
(1995)
Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
, vol.21
, pp. 192-198
-
-
Lipton, J.1
Shaw, W.D.2
Holmes, J.3
Patterson, A.4
-
70
-
-
0028170157
-
Uses of probabilistic exposure models in ecological risk assessments of contaminated sites
-
MacIntosh, D.M., Suter, G.W., and Hoffman, F.O. 1994. Uses of probabilistic exposure models in ecological risk assessments of contaminated sites. Risk Anal. 14, 4, 405-420.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 405-420
-
-
MacIntosh, D.M.1
Suter, G.W.2
Hoffman, F.O.3
-
71
-
-
0028862683
-
Sensitivity analysis for models of population viability
-
McCarthy, M.A., Burgman, M.A., and Ferson, S. 1995. Sensitivity analysis for models of population viability. Biol. Conserv. 73, 93-100.
-
(1995)
Biol. Conserv.
, vol.73
, pp. 93-100
-
-
McCarthy, M.A.1
Burgman, M.A.2
Ferson, S.3
-
72
-
-
0028147844
-
Uncertainty and variability in human exposures to soil contaminants through homegrown food: A Monte Carlo assessment
-
McKone, T.E. 1994. Uncertainty and variability in human exposures to soil contaminants through homegrown food: A Monte Carlo assessment. Risk Anal. 14, 4, 449-463.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 449-463
-
-
McKone, T.E.1
-
73
-
-
0026239718
-
Predicting uncertainties in risk assessment
-
McKone, T.E. and Bogen, K.T. 1991. Predicting uncertainties in risk assessment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 25, 10, 1674-1681.
-
(1991)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.25
, Issue.10
, pp. 1674-1681
-
-
McKone, T.E.1
Bogen, K.T.2
-
74
-
-
0024731062
-
Human exposure to chemicals through food chains: An uncertainty analysis
-
McKone, T.E. and Ryan, P.B. 1989. Human exposure to chemicals through food chains: An uncertainty analysis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23, 9, 1154-1163.
-
(1989)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.23
, Issue.9
, pp. 1154-1163
-
-
McKone, T.E.1
Ryan, P.B.2
-
76
-
-
0001176823
-
Statistical issues in cost-effectiveness analysis
-
Ch. 8 (Sloan, F.A., Ed.). Cambridge, England, Cambridge University Press
-
Mullahy, J. and Manning, W. 1995. Statistical issues in cost-effectiveness analysis. In: Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of Pharmaceutical and Other Medical Technologies, Ch. 8 (Sloan, F.A., Ed.). Cambridge, England, Cambridge University Press.
-
(1995)
Valuing Health Care: Costs, Benefits, and Effectiveness of Pharmaceutical and Other Medical Technologies
-
-
Mullahy, J.1
Manning, W.2
-
77
-
-
0004158548
-
-
Washington, DC, National Academy Press, National Academy of Sciences
-
NRC (National Research Council). 1994. Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment. Washington, DC, National Academy Press, National Academy of Sciences.
-
(1994)
Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment
-
-
-
78
-
-
0003762673
-
-
Washington, DC, National Academy Press, National Academy of Sciences
-
NRC (National Research Council). 1996. Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society. Washington, DC, National Academy Press, National Academy of Sciences.
-
(1996)
Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society
-
-
-
79
-
-
0023918923
-
The perils of prudence: How conservative risk assessments distort regulation
-
Nichols, A.L. and Zeckhauser, R.J. 1988. The perils of prudence: How conservative risk assessments distort regulation. Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 8, 61-75.
-
(1988)
Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
, vol.8
, pp. 61-75
-
-
Nichols, A.L.1
Zeckhauser, R.J.2
-
80
-
-
26444566892
-
Quantitative analysis as a basis for decision under TSCA
-
North, D.W. 1983. Quantitative analysis as a basis for decision under TSCA. ACS Symposium Series 213, 181-195.
-
(1983)
ACS Symposium Series
, vol.213
, pp. 181-195
-
-
North, D.W.1
-
81
-
-
26444434964
-
The value of research: On health effects of ingested inorganic arsenic
-
(Chappell, W., Ed.). Northwood, UK, Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Science Reviews Ltd.
-
North, D.W., Selker, F.K., and Guardino, T. 1992. The value of research: on health effects of ingested inorganic arsenic. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects (Chappell, W., Ed.). Northwood, UK, Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Science Reviews Ltd., 1-20.
-
(1992)
Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects
, pp. 1-20
-
-
North, D.W.1
Selker, F.K.2
Guardino, T.3
-
83
-
-
0020645480
-
The process of establishing and revising National Ambient Air Quality Standards
-
Padgett, J. and Richmond, H. 1983. The process of establishing and revising National Ambient Air Quality Standards. JAPCA 33, 1, 13-16.
-
(1983)
JAPCA
, vol.33
, Issue.1
, pp. 13-16
-
-
Padgett, J.1
Richmond, H.2
-
84
-
-
0030286892
-
Uncertainties in risk analysis: Six levels of treatment
-
In press. October
-
Pate-Cornell, E. 1996. Uncertainties in risk analysis: Six levels of treatment. Reliability Eng. Syst. Saf. In press. October.
-
(1996)
Reliability Eng. Syst. Saf.
-
-
Pate-Cornell, E.1
-
85
-
-
0025848124
-
An assessment and quantitative uncertainty analysis of the health risks to workers exposed to chromium contaminated soils
-
Paustenbach, D.J., Meyer, D.M., Sheenan, P.J., and Lau, V. 1991. An assessment and quantitative uncertainty analysis of the health risks to workers exposed to chromium contaminated soils. Toxicol. Ind. Health 7, 159-196.
-
(1991)
Toxicol. Ind. Health
, vol.7
, pp. 159-196
-
-
Paustenbach, D.J.1
Meyer, D.M.2
Sheenan, P.J.3
Lau, V.4
-
86
-
-
26444585157
-
-
Cambridge, MA, JFK School of Government, Harvard University, CSIA Discussion Paper 93-04, June
-
Portney, P.R. and Stavins, R.N. 1993. Regulatory review of environmental policy: The potential role of health-health analysis. Cambridge, MA, JFK School of Government, Harvard University, CSIA Discussion Paper 93-04, June.
-
(1993)
Regulatory Review of Environmental Policy: The Potential Role of Health-health Analysis
-
-
Portney, P.R.1
Stavins, R.N.2
-
87
-
-
0030130843
-
Uncertainty and variability in indirect exposure assessments: An analysis of exposure to tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin from a beef consumption pathway
-
Price, P.S., Su, S.H., Harrington, J.R., and Keenan, R.E. 1996. Uncertainty and variability in indirect exposure assessments: An analysis of exposure to tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin from a beef consumption pathway. Risk Anal. 16, 2, 263-277.
-
(1996)
Risk Anal.
, vol.16
, Issue.2
, pp. 263-277
-
-
Price, P.S.1
Su, S.H.2
Harrington, J.R.3
Keenan, R.E.4
-
90
-
-
0024812340
-
Assessing the value of hydrogeologic information for risk-based remedial action decisions
-
Reichard, E.G. and Evans, J.S. 1989. Assessing the value of hydrogeologic information for risk-based remedial action decisions. Water Resources Res. 25, 7, 1451-1460.
-
(1989)
Water Resources Res.
, vol.25
, Issue.7
, pp. 1451-1460
-
-
Reichard, E.G.1
Evans, J.S.2
-
91
-
-
0002441260
-
Deterministic versus probabilistic risk assessment: Strengths and weaknesses in a regulatory context
-
Richardson, G.M. 1996. Deterministic versus probabilistic risk assessment: Strengths and weaknesses in a regulatory context. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2, 1, 44-54.
-
(1996)
Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
, vol.2
, Issue.1
, pp. 44-54
-
-
Richardson, G.M.1
-
92
-
-
21144465394
-
Legislating acceptable cancer risk from exposure to toxic chemicals
-
Rosenthal, A., Gray, G.M., and Graham, J.D. 1992. Legislating acceptable cancer risk from exposure to toxic chemicals. Ecol. Law Quart. 19, 269-362.
-
(1992)
Ecol. Law Quart.
, vol.19
, pp. 269-362
-
-
Rosenthal, A.1
Gray, G.M.2
Graham, J.D.3
-
93
-
-
0023523130
-
Error propagation for large errors
-
Seiler, F.A. 1987. Error propagation for large errors. Risk Anal. 7, 4, 509-518.
-
(1987)
Risk Anal.
, vol.7
, Issue.4
, pp. 509-518
-
-
Seiler, F.A.1
-
94
-
-
0029880514
-
On the selection of distributions for stochastic variables
-
Seiler, F.A. and Alvarez, J.L. 1996. On the selection of distributions for stochastic variables. Risk Anal. 16, 1, 5-18.
-
(1996)
Risk Anal.
, vol.16
, Issue.1
, pp. 5-18
-
-
Seiler, F.A.1
Alvarez, J.L.2
-
95
-
-
0028075308
-
Use of Monte Carlo simulation for human exposure assessment at a Superfund site
-
Smith, R.L. 1994. Use of Monte Carlo simulation for human exposure assessment at a Superfund site. Risk Anal. 14, 4, 433-440.
-
(1994)
Risk Anal.
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 433-440
-
-
Smith, R.L.1
-
96
-
-
0027623240
-
Using objective and subjective information to develop distributions for probabilistic exposure assessment
-
Taylor, A.C. 1993. Using objective and subjective information to develop distributions for probabilistic exposure assessment. J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 3, 3, 285-298.
-
(1993)
J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol.
, vol.3
, Issue.3
, pp. 285-298
-
-
Taylor, A.C.1
-
97
-
-
0027772439
-
The value of animal test information in environmental control decisions
-
Taylor, A.C., Evans, J.S., and McKone, T.E. 1993. The value of animal test information in environmental control decisions. Risk Anal. 13, 4, 403-412.
-
(1993)
Risk Anal.
, vol.13
, Issue.4
, pp. 403-412
-
-
Taylor, A.C.1
Evans, J.S.2
McKone, T.E.3
-
98
-
-
0029072372
-
Five-hundred life-saving interventions and their cost-effectiveness
-
Tengs, T.O., Adams, M.E., Pliskin, J.S., Safran, D.G., Siegel, J.E., Weinstein, M.C., and Graham, J.D. 1995. Five-hundred life-saving interventions and their cost-effectiveness. Risk Anal. 15, 3, 369-390.
-
(1995)
Risk Anal.
, vol.15
, Issue.3
, pp. 369-390
-
-
Tengs, T.O.1
Adams, M.E.2
Pliskin, J.S.3
Safran, D.G.4
Siegel, J.E.5
Weinstein, M.C.6
Graham, J.D.7
-
100
-
-
0026572584
-
Monte Carlo techniques for quantitative uncertainty analysis in public health risk assessments
-
Thompson, K.M., Burmaster, D.E., and Crouch, E.A.C. 1992. Monte Carlo techniques for quantitative uncertainty analysis in public health risk assessments. Risk Anal. 12, 1, 53-63.
-
(1992)
Risk Anal.
, vol.12
, Issue.1
, pp. 53-63
-
-
Thompson, K.M.1
Burmaster, D.E.2
Crouch, E.A.C.3
-
101
-
-
0343509520
-
-
Philadelphia, PA, US Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, EPA 903-F-94-001, February
-
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1994. Use of Monte Carlo Simulation in Risk Assessments. Philadelphia, PA, US Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, EPA 903-F-94-001, February.
-
(1994)
Use of Monte Carlo Simulation in Risk Assessments
-
-
-
102
-
-
26444523604
-
-
Denver, CO, US Environmental Protection Agency, Region VIII, Superfund Technical Guidance, RA-10, September
-
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1995a. Use of Monte Carlo Simulation in Risk Assessments. Denver, CO, US Environmental Protection Agency, Region VIII, Superfund Technical Guidance, RA-10, September.
-
(1995)
Use of Monte Carlo Simulation in Risk Assessments
-
-
-
103
-
-
0003672085
-
-
Washington, DC, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/P-92/003C, April
-
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1996a. Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. Washington, DC, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/P-92/003C, April.
-
(1996)
Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment
-
-
-
104
-
-
85033066073
-
-
Washington, DC, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/P-95/002B, August
-
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1996b. Exposure Factors Handbook, External Review Draft. Washington, DC, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/P-95/002B, August.
-
(1996)
Exposure Factors Handbook, External Review Draft
-
-
-
105
-
-
0020533849
-
Cost-effectiveness priorities for cancer prevention
-
Weinstein, M.C. 1983. Cost-effectiveness priorities for cancer prevention. Science 221, 4605, 17-23.
-
(1983)
Science
, vol.221
, Issue.4605
, pp. 17-23
-
-
Weinstein, M.C.1
-
106
-
-
0017347943
-
Foundations of cost-effectiveness analysis for health and medical practices
-
Weinstein, M.C. and Stason, W.B. 1977. Foundations of cost-effectiveness analysis for health and medical practices. New Engl. J. Med. 296, 13, 716-721.
-
(1977)
New Engl. J. Med.
, vol.296
, Issue.13
, pp. 716-721
-
-
Weinstein, M.C.1
Stason, W.B.2
-
107
-
-
0001890693
-
Analyzing the daily risks of life
-
February
-
Wilson, R. 1979. Analyzing the daily risks of life. Technol. Rev. February, 41-46.
-
(1979)
Technol. Rev.
, pp. 41-46
-
-
Wilson, R.1
|