Continental and regional ranges of North American mammals: Rapoport's rule in real and null worlds

Journal of Biogeography

Volumn 32, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 961-971

  Arita, Héctor T ^a   Rodríguez, Pilar ^a   Vázquez Domínguez, Ella ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE ECOLOGÍA   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Distribution; Latitudinal gradient; Macroecology; Mammals; Mid domain models; North America; Null models; Species richness

Indexed keywords

BIOGEOGRAPHY; HYPOTHESIS TESTING; LATITUDINAL GRADIENT; MAMMAL; RANGE SIZE; RAPOPORT RULE; SPECIES RICHNESS;

NORTH AMERICA; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

MAMMALIA;

EID: 20044370452     PISSN: 03050270     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01276.x     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Arita, H.T. (2005) Range size in mid-domain models of species diversity. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 232, 119-126.
2. Arita, H.T. & Rodríguez, P. (2002) Geographic range, turnover rate and the scaling of species diversity. Ecography, 25, 541-553.
3. Arita, H.T. & Rodríguez, P. (2004) Local-regional relation-ships and the geographic distribution of species. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 13, 15-21.
4. Brown, J.H. & Kodric-Brown, A. (1977) Turnover rates in insular biogeography: effects of immigration on extinction. Ecology, 58, 445-449.
5. Brown, J.H., Stevens, G.C. & Kaufman, D.M. (1996) The geographic range: size, shape, boundaries, and internal structure. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 27, 597-623.
6. Colwell, R.K. & Hurtt, G.C. (1994) Nonbiological gradients in species richness and a spurious Rapoport effect. The American Naturalist, 144, 570-595.
7. Colwell, R.K. & Lees, D.C. (2000) The mid-domain effect: geometric constraints on the geography of species richness. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 15, 70-76.
8. Colwell, R.K., Rahbek, C. & Gotelli, N.J. (2004) The mid-domain effect and species richness patterns: what have we learned so far? The American Naturalist, 163, E1-E23.
9. Gaston, K.J. (2003) The structure and dynamics of geographic ranges. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
10. Gaston, K.J. & Blackburn, T.M. (2000) Pattern and process in macroecology. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
11. Gaston, K.J., Blackburn, T.M. & Spicer, J.I. (1998) Rapoport's rule: time for an epitaph? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 13, 70-74.
12. Gotelli, N.J. & Graves, G.R. (1996) Null models in ecology. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.
13. Hall, E.R. (1981) The mammals of North America, 2nd edn. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
14. Hawkins, B.A. (2001) Ecology's oldest pattern? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 16, 470.
15. Hawkins, B.A. & Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. (2002) The mid-domain effect cannot explain the diversity gradient of Nearctic birds. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 11, 419-426.
16. Hawkins, B.A., Field, R., Cornell, H.V., Currie, D.J., Guégan, J.F., Kaufman, D.M., Kerr, J.T., Mittelbach, G.G., Oberdorff, T., O'Brien, E.M., Porter, E.R. & Turner, J.R.G. (2003) Energy, water, and broad-scale geographic patterns of species richness. Ecology, 84, 3105-3117.
17. Hillebrand, H. (2004) On the generality of the latitudinal diversity gradient. The American Naturalist, 163, 192-211.
18. Jetz, W. & Rahbek, C. (2001) Geometric constrains explain much of the species richness pattern in African birds. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of the America, 98, 5661-5666.
19. Kaspari, M., Yuan, M. & Alonso, L. (2003) Spatial grain and the causes of regional diversity gradients in ants. The American Naturalist, 161, 459-477.
20. Kerr, J.T. (1999) Weak links: 'Rapoport's rule' and large-scale species richness patterns. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 8, 47-54.
21. Koleff, P. & Gaston, K.J. (2001) Latitudinal gradients in diversity: real patterns and random models. Ecography, 24, 341-351.
22. Laurie, H. & Silander, J.A., Jr (2002) Geometric constraints and spatial pattern of species richness: critique of range-based null models. Diversity and Distributions, 8, 351-364.
23. Lees, D.C., Kremen, C. & Andriamampianina, L. (1999) A null model for species richness gradients: bounded range overlap of butterflies and other rainforest endemics in Madagascar. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 67, 529-584.
24. Leitner, W.A. & Rosenzweig, M.L. (1997) Nested species-area curves and stochastic sampling: a new theory. Oikos, 79, 503-512.
25. Lyons, S.K. & Willig, M.R. (1997) Latitudinal patterns of range size: methodological concerns and empirical evaluations for New World bats and marsupials. Oikos, 79, 568-580.
26. Lyons, S.K. & Willig, M.R. (2002) Species richness, latitude, and scale sensitivity. Ecology, 83, 47-58.
27. McCain, C.M. (2003) North American desert rodents: a test of the mid-domain effect in species richness. Journal of Mammalogy, 84, 967-980.
28. McCain, C.M. (2004) The mid-domain effect applied to elevational gradients: species richness of small mammals in Costa Rica. Journal of Biogeography, 31, 19-31.
29. Ortega, J. & Arita, H.T. (1998) Neotropical-Nearctic limits in Middle America as determined by distributions of bats. Journal of Mammalogy, 79, 772-783.
30. Pagel, M.D., May, R.M. & Collie, A.R. (1991) Ecological aspects of the geographical distribution and diversity of mammalian species. The American Naturalist, 137, 791-815.
31. Peterson, A.T., Ortega-Huerta, M.A., Bartley, J., Sánchez-Cordero, V., Soberón, J., Beddenmeier, R.H. & Stockwell, D.R.B. (2002) Future projections for Mexican faunas under global climate change scenarios. Nature, 416, 626-629.
32. Pimm, S.L. & Brown, J.H. (2004) Domains of diversity. Science, 304, 831-833.
33. Rahbek, C. & Graves, G.R. (2001) Multiple scale assessment of patterns of avian species richness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98, 4534-4539.
34. Rapoport, E.H. (1975) Areografía: Estrategias geográficas de las especies. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Mexico City.
35. Rapoport, E.H. (1982) Areography: geographical strategies of species. Pergamon, New York.
36. Reid, F.A (1998) A field guide to the mammals of Central America and southeast Mexico. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
37. Ricklefs, R.E. (2004) A comprehensive framework for global patterns in biodiversity. Ecology Letters, 7, 1-15.
38. Rodríguez, P. & Arita, H.T. (2004) Beta diversity and latitude in North American mammals: testing the hypothesis of covariation. Ecography, 27, 547-556.
39. Rohde, K. (1999) Latitudinal gradients in species diversity and Rapoport's rule revisited: a review of recent work and what parasites teach us about the causes of the gradient? Ecography, 22, 593-613.
40. Rohde, K., Heap, M. & Heap, D. (1993) Rapoport's rule does not apply to marine teleost fish and cannot explain latitudinal gradients in species richness. The American Naturalist, 142, 1-16.
41. Shmida, A. & Wilson, M.V. (1985) Biological determinants of species diversity. Journal of Biogeography, 12, 1-20.
42. Smith, K.F. & Gaines, S.D. (2003) Rapoport's bathymetric rule and the latitudinal species diversity gradient for Northeast Pacific fishes and Northwest Atlantic gastropods: evidence against a causal link. Journal of Biogeography, 30, 1153-1159.
43. Stevens, G.C. (1989) The latitudinal gradient in geographical range: How so many species coexist in the tropics. The American Naturalist, 133, 240-256.
44. Willig, M.R. & Lyons, S.K. (1998) An analytical model of latitudinal gradients of species richness with an empirical test for marsupials and bats in the New World. Oikos, 81, 93-98.
45. Willig, M.R., Kaufman, D.M. & Stevens, R.D. (2003a) Latitudinal gradients of biodiversity: pattern, process, scales, and synthesis. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 34, 273-309.
46. Willig, M.R., Patterson, B.D. & Stevens, R.D. (2003b) Patterns of range size, richness, and body size in the Chiroptera. Bat ecology (ed. by T.H. Kunz and M.B. Fenton), pp. 580-621. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
47. Wilson, D.E. & Ruff, S. (1999) The Smithsonian book of North American mammals. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.
48. Zapata, F.A., Gaston, K.J. & Chown, S.L. (2003) Mid-domain models of species richness gradients: assumptions, methods and evidence. Journal of Animal Ecology, 72, 677-690.