메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 239-251

The restructuring and reengineering of AT&T: Analysis of a public relations crisis using organizational theory

Author keywords

AT T; Crisis management; Organizational theory

Indexed keywords


EID: 19044395119     PISSN: 03638111     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2005.02.015     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (12)

References (43)
  • 1
    • 19044372881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • And now, upsizing
    • June 8
    • And now, upsizing. (1996, June 8). The Economist.
    • (1996) The Economist
  • 2
    • 19044375986 scopus 로고
    • AT&T announces major restructuring for 21st century
    • September 20 AT&T news release
    • AT&T announces major restructuring for 21st century. (1995, September 20). AT&T news release.
    • (1995)
  • 3
    • 19044378326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT&T Chairman Allen reports on restructuring, investment commitments and earning impact
    • September 24 AT&T news release
    • AT&T Chairman Allen reports on restructuring, investment commitments and earning impact. (1996, September 24). AT&T news release.
    • (1996)
  • 4
    • 19044363066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT&T closes on sale of AT&T Capital Corporation
    • October 1 AT&T news release
    • AT&T closes on sale of AT&T Capital Corporation. (1996, October 1). AT&T news release.
    • (1996)
  • 5
    • 19044381908 scopus 로고
    • AT&T internal memorandum
    • AT&T internal memorandum. (1995).
    • (1995)
  • 6
    • 19044379280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT&T spins off Lucent Technologies to shareowners
    • September 30 AT&T news release
    • AT&T spins off Lucent Technologies to shareowners. (1996, September 30). AT&T news release.
    • (1996)
  • 7
    • 0037779232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A four-component model of procedural justice: Defining the meaning of a "fair" process
    • S.L. Blader & T.R. Tyler A four-component model of procedural justice: Defining the meaning of a "fair" process Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 29 6 2003 747-758
    • (2003) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 747-758
    • Blader, S.L.1    Tyler, T.R.2
  • 8
    • 19044395967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chairman's letter to the people of AT&T. February 26 AT&T in-house letter
    • Chairman's letter to the people of AT&T. (1996, February 26). AT&T in-house letter.
    • (1996)
  • 9
    • 84973748183 scopus 로고
    • Procedural justice and participation
    • R.L. Cohen Procedural justice and participation Human Relations 38 7 1985 643-663
    • (1985) Human Relations , vol.38 , Issue.7 , pp. 643-663
    • Cohen, R.L.1
  • 11
    • 1342328576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Airlines' use of mediated employee communication channels after the 9/11 terrorist attacks
    • J.R. Downing American Airlines' use of mediated employee communication channels after the 9/11 terrorist attacks Public Relations Review 30 2004 37-48
    • (2004) Public Relations Review , vol.30 , pp. 37-48
    • Downing, J.R.1
  • 13
    • 0003171707 scopus 로고
    • Exchange theory, part II: Exchange relations, exchange, and groups as exchange systems
    • J. Berger M. Zelditch Jr. & B. Anderson (Eds.) Houghton Mifflin Boston
    • R.M. Emerson Exchange theory, part II: Exchange relations, exchange, and groups as exchange systems In J. Berger M. Zelditch Jr. & B. Anderson (Eds.) Sociological themes in progress 1972 Houghton Mifflin Boston 38-57
    • (1972) Sociological Themes in Progress , pp. 38-57
    • Emerson, R.M.1
  • 14
    • 0345304858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Airlines' and American Airlines' online crisis communication following the September 11 terrorist attacks
    • C.F. Greer & K.D. Moreland United Airlines' and American Airlines' online crisis communication following the September 11 terrorist attacks Public Relations Review 29 2003 461-472
    • (2003) Public Relations Review , vol.29 , pp. 461-472
    • Greer, C.F.1    Moreland, K.D.2
  • 15
    • 0001756963 scopus 로고
    • Apologies and public-relations crises at Chrysler, Toshiba, and Volvo
    • K.M. Hearit Apologies and public-relations crises at Chrysler, Toshiba, and Volvo Public Relations Review 20 1994 113-125
    • (1994) Public Relations Review , vol.20 , pp. 113-125
    • Hearit, K.M.1
  • 17
    • 19044368898 scopus 로고
    • AT&T begins slicing computer unit, plans $1.2 billion third-quarter charge; as many as 10,000 workers, over 20% of GIS staff, are facing dismissal
    • September 15
    • J.J. Keller AT&T begins slicing computer unit, plans $1.2 billion third-quarter charge; as many as 10,000 workers, over 20% of GIS staff, are facing dismissal Wall Street Journal 1995, September 15
    • (1995) Wall Street Journal
    • Keller, J.J.1
  • 18
    • 19044387268 scopus 로고
    • Management - High anxiety: AT&T breakup jolts managers
    • November 21
    • J.J. Keller Management - high anxiety: AT&T breakup jolts managers Wall Street Journal 1995, November 21
    • (1995) Wall Street Journal
    • Keller, J.J.1
  • 19
    • 19044385725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT&T cuts are just the first shot in telecom wars; industry is facing heavy layoffs, stiff competition, and huge spending
    • January 4
    • J.J. Keller AT&T cuts are just the first shot in telecom wars; industry is facing heavy layoffs, stiff competition, and huge spending Wall Street Journal 1996, January 4
    • (1996) Wall Street Journal
    • Keller, J.J.1
  • 20
    • 19044393164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telecommunications: AT&T tries to put new spin on big job cuts
    • March 18
    • J.J. Keller Telecommunications: AT&T tries to put new spin on big job cuts Wall Street Journal 1996, March 18
    • (1996) Wall Street Journal
    • Keller, J.J.1
  • 21
    • 19044378894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT&T faces slow going in its effort to slash jobs; hires in growing businesses nearly outpace cutbacks that total 7,000 so far
    • May 17
    • J.J. Keller AT&T faces slow going in its effort to slash jobs; hires in growing businesses nearly outpace cutbacks that total 7,000 so far Wall Street Journal 1996, May 17
    • (1996) Wall Street Journal
    • Keller, J.J.1
  • 22
    • 19044384273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT&T plans to sell leasing unit for $2.2 billion
    • June 7
    • J.J. Keller AT&T plans to sell leasing unit for $2.2 billion Wall Street Journal 1996, June 7
    • (1996) Wall Street Journal
    • Keller, J.J.1
  • 23
    • 0036679739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beaten before begun: The role of procedural justice in planning change
    • M.A. Korsgaard H.J. Sapienza & D.M. Schweiger Beaten before begun: The role of procedural justice in planning change Journal of Management 28 4 2002 497-516
    • (2002) Journal of Management , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 497-516
    • Korsgaard, M.A.1    Sapienza, H.J.2    Schweiger, D.M.3
  • 24
    • 19044362865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We do the right thing, and you get cynical
    • [Letter to the editor] April 4
    • M. Laurie We do the right thing, and you get cynical [Letter to the editor] Wall Street Journal 1996, April 4
    • (1996) Wall Street Journal
    • Laurie, M.1
  • 26
    • 2342517333 scopus 로고
    • Management spinoffs may establish new companies, but they often spell the end of jobs
    • November 21
    • J.S. Lublin Management spinoffs may establish new companies, but they often spell the end of jobs Wall Street Journal 1995, November 21
    • (1995) Wall Street Journal
    • Lublin, J.S.1
  • 27
    • 19044366639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marketing and media: AT&T running ads urging firms to hire its laid-off workers
    • March 14
    • Marketing and media: AT&T running ads urging firms to hire its laid-off workers. (1996, March 14). Wall Street Journal.
    • (1996) Wall Street Journal
  • 28
    • 0035647310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organizational theory, organizational communication, organizational knowledge, and problematic integration
    • R.D. McPhee & P. Zaug Organizational theory, organizational communication, organizational knowledge, and problematic integration International Communication Association 2001 574-591
    • (2001) International Communication Association , pp. 574-591
    • McPhee, R.D.1    Zaug, P.2
  • 29
    • 84936823916 scopus 로고
    • Newbury Park, London, New Delhi: Sage Publications
    • G. Morgan Images of organization 1986 Sage Publications Newbury Park, London, New Delhi
    • (1986) Images of Organization
    • Morgan, G.1
  • 30
    • 1842798848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Living with layoffs
    • April 1
    • J. Nocera & E. Brown Living with layoffs Fortune 1996, April 1
    • (1996) Fortune
    • Nocera, J.1    Brown, E.2
  • 32
    • 0002714901 scopus 로고
    • Management as symbolic action: The creation and maintenance of organizational paradigms
    • J. Pfeffer Management as symbolic action: The creation and maintenance of organizational paradigms Research in Organizational Behavior 3 1981 1-52
    • (1981) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.3 , pp. 1-52
    • Pfeffer, J.1
  • 34
    • 19044394615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Registration for spinoff of NCR Corporation stock is filed with SEC
    • September 26 AT&T news release
    • Registration for spinoff of NCR Corporation stock is filed with SEC. (1996, September 26). AT&T news release.
    • (1996)
  • 35
    • 84980291424 scopus 로고
    • The strategic contingencies theory of power - Multiple perspectives
    • C.S. Saunders The strategic contingencies theory of power - multiple perspectives Journal of Management Studies 27 1 1990 1-18
    • (1990) Journal of Management Studies , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-18
    • Saunders, C.S.1
  • 36
    • 0002764834 scopus 로고
    • A resource dependence approach to organizational failure
    • J.P. Sheppard A resource dependence approach to organizational failure Social Science Research 24 1 1995 28-62
    • (1995) Social Science Research , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-62
    • Sheppard, J.P.1
  • 37
    • 19044364092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hitmen
    • February 26
    • A. Sloan The hitmen Newsweek 1996, February 26
    • (1996) Newsweek
    • Sloan, A.1
  • 38
    • 21844442887 scopus 로고
    • Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches
    • M.C. Suchman Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches Academy of Management Review 20 3 1995 571-610
    • (1995) Academy of Management Review , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 571-610
    • Suchman, M.C.1
  • 39
    • 19044377563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two cheers for loyalty
    • January 6
    • Two cheers for loyalty. (1996, January 6). The Economist.
    • (1996) The Economist
  • 40
    • 0036887848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crisis management and the discourse of renewal: Understanding the potential for positive outcomes of crisis
    • R.R. Ulmer & T.L. Sellnow Crisis management and the discourse of renewal: Understanding the potential for positive outcomes of crisis Public Relations Review 28 2002 361-365
    • (2002) Public Relations Review , vol.28 , pp. 361-365
    • Ulmer, R.R.1    Sellnow, T.L.2
  • 41
    • 19044399212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upsizing
    • February 10
    • Upsizing. (1996, February 10). The Economist.
    • (1996) The Economist
  • 42
    • 0032220361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The symbolic management of stakeholders: Corporate governance reforms and shareholder reactions
    • J.D. Westphal & E.J. Zajac The symbolic management of stakeholders: Corporate governance reforms and shareholder reactions Administrative Science Quarterly 43 1 1998 127-153
    • (1998) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 127-153
    • Westphal, J.D.1    Zajac, E.J.2
  • 43
    • 0141755329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crisis management planning and the threat of bioterrorism
    • B.J. Wrigley C.T. Salmon & H.S. Park Crisis management planning and the threat of bioterrorism Public Relations Review 29 2003 281-290
    • (2003) Public Relations Review , vol.29 , pp. 281-290
    • Wrigley, B.J.1    Salmon, C.T.2    Park, H.S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.