Organic homojunction diodes with a high built-in potential: Interpretation of the current-voltage characteristics by a generalized einstein relation

Physical Review Letters

Volumn 94, Issue 3, 2005, Pages

  Harada, K ^a   Werner, A G ^a   Pfeiffer, M ^a   Bloom, C J ^b   Elliott, C M ^b   Leo, K ^a  

^a DRESDEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^b Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GENERALIZED EINSTEIN RELATION; HOMOJUNCTION DIODES; ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS; SHOCKLEY THEORY;

AMORPHOUS SILICON; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; HETEROJUNCTIONS; SEMICONDUCTING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; SOLAR CELLS; ZINC COMPOUNDS;

DIODES;

EID: 18044366188     PISSN: 00319007     EISSN: 10797114     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.036601     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. M. Maitrot et al., J. Appl. Phys. 60, 2396 (1986); L. Athouel et al., J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol. 89, 1279 (1992); P. Trouillas, A. Moliton, and B. Ratier, Synth. Met. 73, 145 (1995).
2. M. Maitrot et al., J. Appl. Phys. 60, 2396 (1986); L. Athouel et al., J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol. 89, 1279 (1992); P. Trouillas, A. Moliton, and B. Ratier, Synth. Met. 73, 145 (1995).
3. M. Maitrot et al., J. Appl. Phys. 60, 2396 (1986); L. Athouel et al., J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol. 89, 1279 (1992); P. Trouillas, A. Moliton, and B. Ratier, Synth. Met. 73, 145 (1995).
4. M. Pfeiffer et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3202 (1998).
5. B. Maennig et al., Phys. Rev. B 64, 195208 (2001).
6. K. Yamashita et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 34, 3794 (1995); S. Hamm and H. Wachtel, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 10689 (1995); Q. Pei et al., Science 269, 1086 (1995).
7. K. Yamashita et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 34, 3794 (1995); S. Hamm and H. Wachtel, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 10689 (1995); Q. Pei et al., Science 269, 1086 (1995).
8. K. Yamashita et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 34, 3794 (1995); S. Hamm and H. Wachtel, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 10689 (1995); Q. Pei et al., Science 269, 1086 (1995).
9. W. Shockley, Bell Syst. Tech. J. 28, 435 (1949).
10. C. van Berkel et al., J. Appl. Phys. 73, 5264 (1993); M. A. Kroon and R. A. C. M. M. van Swaaij, J. Appl. Phys. 90, 994 (2001).
11. C. van Berkel et al., J. Appl. Phys. 73, 5264 (1993); M. A. Kroon and R. A. C. M. M. van Swaaij, J. Appl. Phys. 90, 994 (2001).
12. M. Pfeiffer et al.,Qrg. Electron. 4, 21 (2003); D. Gebeyehu et al., Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 79, 81 (2003).
13. M. Pfeiffer et al.,Qrg. Electron. 4, 21 (2003); D. Gebeyehu et al., Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 79, 81 (2003).
14. G. He et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3911 (2004).
15. A. Nollau et al., J. Appl. Phys. 87, 4340 (2000); A. G. Werner et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4495 (2003); A. G. Werner et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 14, 255 (2004).
16. A. Nollau et al., J. Appl. Phys. 87, 4340 (2000); A. G. Werner et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4495 (2003); A. G. Werner et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 14, 255 (2004).
17. A. Nollau et al., J. Appl. Phys. 87, 4340 (2000); A. G. Werner et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4495 (2003); A. G. Werner et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 14, 255 (2004).
18. C. J. Bloom et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 2933 (2003).
19. + = 4.7 eV; see A. Bard and L. R. Faulkner, Electrochemical Methods (Wiley, New York, 2001).
20. D. E. Morris, K. W. Hanck, and M. K. DeArmond, J. Electroanal. Chem. 149, 115 (1983).
21. D. Schlettwein et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 4791 (2001).
22. J. Blochwitz et al., Org. Electron. 2, 97 (2001).
23. D. Gebeyehu et al., Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 79, 81 (2003).
24. S. M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices (Wiley, New York, 1981), 2nd ed., p. 258.
25. N. W. Ashcroft and N. D. Mermin, Solid State Physics (Saunders College Publishing, Fort Worth, 1976), p. 612.
26. Y. Roichman and N. Tessler, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1948 (2002).
27. R. Richert, L. Pautmeier, and H. Bässler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 547 (1989); S. D. Baranovskii et al., Phys. Status Solidi B 205, 87 (1998).
28. R. Richert, L. Pautmeier, and H. Bässler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 547 (1989); S. D. Baranovskii et al., Phys. Status Solidi B 205, 87 (1998).
29. K. Taretto, U. Rau, and J. H. Werner, Appl. Phys. A 77, 865 (2003).