Kaapvaal craton: Changing first- and second-order controls on sea level from c. 3.0 Ga to 2.0 Ga

Sedimentary Geology

Volumn 176, Issue 1-2 SPEC. ISS., 2005, Pages 121-148

  Eriksson, Patrick G ^a   Catuneanu, Octavian ^b   Els, B G ^a   Bumby, A J ^a   van Rooy, J L ^a   Popa, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

First and second order depositional cycles; Plate and plume tectonics; Precambrian sequence stratigraphy; Sequence architecture

Indexed keywords

EUSTACY; PRECAMBRIAN; SEA LEVEL CHANGE; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY;

AFRICA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; KAAPVAAL CRATON; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WORLD;

ARCHAEA;

EID: 17544381092     PISSN: 00370738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.12.010     Document Type: Article

References (119)

1. R.A. Armstrong W. Compston E.A. Retief I.S. Williams H.J. Welke Zircon ion microprobe studies bearing on the age and evolution of the Witwatersrand Triad Precambrian Res. 53 1991 243-266
2. L.B. Aspler J.R. Chiarenzelli Protracted breakup of Kenorland, a Neoarchean supercontinent? Geochronologic, tectonostratigraphic and sedimentologic evidence from the Paleoproterozoic Sediment. Geol. 120 1998 75-104
3. J.M. Barton Jr. L. Holzer B. Kamber R. Doig J.D. Kramers D. Nyfeler Discrete metamorphic events in the Limpopo belt, southern Africa: implications for the application of P-T paths in complex metamorphic terrains Geology 22 1994 1035-1038
4. N.J. Beukes Sole marks and combined-flow storm event beds in the Brixton Formation of the siliciclastic Archean Witwatersrand Supergroup, South Africa J. Sediment. Res. 66 3 1996 567-576
5. N.J. Beukes B. Cairncross A lithostratigraphic-sedimentological reference profile for the Late Archaean Mozaan Group, Pongola Sequence: application to sequence stratigraphy and correlation with the Witwatersrand Supergroup S. Afr. J. Geol. 94 1 1991 44-69
6. N.J. Beukes J.P. Nelson Sea-level fluctuation and basin subsidence controls on the setting of auriferous palaeoplacers in the Archaean Witwatersrand Supergroup: A genetic and sequence stratigraphic approach Abstract, centennial geocongress 1995 Geol. Soc. S. Afr. Johannesburg 860-863
7. R. Boyd C. Diessel J. Wadsworth G. Chalmers M. Little D. Leckie et al. Development of a nonmarine sequence stratigraphic model Official Program, Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA 1999 A15
8. J.P. Brun P. Choukroune Normal fautling, block tilting, and decollement in a stretched crust Tectonics 2 1983 245-356
9. S.G. Buck Stromatolite and ooid deposits within the fluvial and lacustrine sediments of the Precambrian Ventersdorp Supergroup of South Africa Precambrian Res. 12 1980 311-330
10. I.S. Buick R. Maas R. Gibson Precise U-Pb titanite age constraints on the emplacement of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa J. Geol. Soc. (Lond.) 158 2001 3-6
11. A.J. Bumby R. van der Merwe The Limpopo belt of Southern Africa: A Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic orogen In: P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu editors, The Precambrian Earth: tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 217-223
12. A.J. Bumby P.G. Eriksson R. van der Merwe Compressive deformation in the floor rocks to the Bushveld Complex (South Africa): Evidence from the Rustenburg Fault Zone J. Afr. Earth Sci. 27 1998 307-330
13. K. Burke W.S.F. Kidd T.M. Kusky Archean foreland basin tectonics in the Witwatersrand, South Africa Tectonics 5 1986 439-456
14. A. Button D.A. Pretorius H. Jansen V. Stockmayer D.R. Hunter J.F. Wilson et al. The cratonic environment In: D.R. Hunter editor, Precambrian of the Southern Hemisphere 1981 Elsevier Amsterdam 501-639
15. O. Catuneanu Flexural partitioning of the Late Archaean Witwatersrand foreland system, South Africa Sediment. Geol. 141-142 2001 95-112
16. O. Catuneanu Sequence stratigraphy of clastic systems: Concepts, merits, and pitfalls J. Afr. Earth Sci. 35/1 2002 1-43
17. O. Catuneanu Retroarc foreland systems - evolution through time Geological Society of Africa Presidential Review No. 7 J. Afr. Earth Sci. 38 2004 225-242
18. O. Catuneanu M.N. Biddulph Sequence stratigraphy of the Vaal Reef facies associations in the Witwatersrand foredeep, South Africa Sediment. Geol. 141-142 2001 113-130
19. O. Catuneanu P.G. Eriksson The sequence stratigraphic concept and the Precambrian rock record: An example from the 2.3-2.1 Ga Pretoria Group, Kaapvaal craton Precambrian Res. 97 1999 215-251
20. O. Catuneanu P.G. Eriksson Sequence stratigraphy of the Precambrian Rooihoogte-Timeball Hill rift succession, Transvaal Basin, South Africa Sediment. Geol. 147 2002 71-88
21. O. Catuneanu C. Beaumont P. Waschbusch Interplay of static loads and subduction dynamics in foreland basins: Reciprocal stratigraphies and the "missing" peripheral bulge Geology 25 12 1997 1087-1090
22. O. Catuneanu A.R. Sweet A.D. Miall Concept and styles of reciprocal stratigraphies: Western Canada foreland system Terra Nova 11 1999 1-8
23. O. Catuneanu M.A. Martins-Neto P.G. Eriksson Precambrian sequence stratigraphy Sediment. Geol. 176 2005 63-91
24. E.G. Charlesworth T.S. McCarthy I.G. Stanistreet A.B. Cadle Structural geology of the Rietfontein Fault System on the Central Rand Abstract, Geocongress '86 1986 Geol. Soc. S. Afr. Johannesburg 23-26
25. E.S. Cheney Sequence stratigraphy and plate tectonic significance of the Transvaal succession of southern Africa and its equivalent in Western Australia Precambrian Res. 79 1996 3-24
26. E.S. Cheney C. Roering H. de la R. Winter The Archean-Proterozoic boundary in the Kaapvaal Province of Southern Africa Precambrian Res. 46 1990 329-340
27. C.W. Clendenin E.G. Charlesworth S. Maske Tectonic style and mechanism of early Proterozoic successor basin development, southern Africa Tectonophysics 156 1988 275-291
28. W.P. Colliston W.U. Reimold A preliminary report on detailed structural, geochemical and isotopic study of the Broodkop migmatite complex, SE Vredefort Dome Contributions to International Workshop on Cryptoexplosions and Catastrophes in the Geol. Record, Parys, South Africa, section C3 1987 22 pp.
29. K.C. Condie Episodic continental growth and supercontinents: A mantle avalanche connection? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 163 1998 97-108
30. K.C. Condie Mantle plumes and their record in earth history 2001 Cambridge Univ. Press Cambridge, UK 305 pp.
31. K.C. Condie Precambrian superplume events In: P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu editors, The Precambrian Earth: tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 163-173
32. K.C. Condie D.J. Des Marais D. Abbott Precambrian superplumes and supercontinents: A record in black shales, carbon isotopes, and paleoclimates? Precambrian Res. 106/3-4 2001 239-260
33. M.P. Coward R.M. Spencer C.E. Spencer Development of the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa In: M.P. Coward A.C. Ries editors, Early Precambrian processes Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. London vol. 95 1995 243-269
34. S.L. Crampton P.A. Allen Recognition of forebulge unconformities associated with early stage foreland basin development: Example from north Alpine foreland basin Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull. 79 1995 1495-1514
35. Crozier J. The stratigraphy and geochemistry of the Rietgat Formation between Allanridge and Bothaville, Free State Province. MSc thesis (unpubl.), Bloemfontein, South Africa: University of the Free State; 2001. 230 pp.
36. K. Dahle K. Flesja M.R. Talbot T. Dreyer Correlation of fluvial deposits by the use of Sm-Nd isotope analysis and mapping of sedimentary architecture in the Escanilla Formation (Ainsa Basin, Spain) and the Statfjord Formation (Norwegian North Sea) Abstracts, Sixth International Conference on Fluvial Sedimentology, Cape Town, South Africa 1997 46
37. G.F. Davies Mantle plumes, mantle stirring and hot-spot chemistry Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 99 1990 96-109
38. M.J. de Wit C. Roering Formation of an Archaean continent Terra Nova Abstracts, Conference on Precambrian Sedimentary Basins of Southern Africa, Pretoria, Sediment. Div., Geol. Soc. S. Afr., Suppl. vol. 3 1991 8-9
39. M.J. de Wit C. Roering R.J. Hart R.A. Armstrong R.E.J. De Ronde R.W.E. Green et al. Formation of an Archaean continent Nature 357 1992 553-562
40. C.M. Doucouré M.J. de Wit Temporal variation in rigidity and mechanical behaviour of old thick continental lithosphere S. Afr. J. Geol. 105 2002 39-50
41. C.J. Ebinger N.H. Sleep Cenozoic magmatism throughout east Africa resulting from impact of a single plume Nature 395 1998 788-791
42. B.G. Els The auriferous late Archaean sedimentation systems of South Africa: Unique palaeo-environmental conditions? Sediment. Geol. 120 1998 205-224
43. B.G. Els The question of alluvial fans in the auriferous Archaean and Proterozoic successions of South Africa S. Afr. J. Geol. 101 1 1998 17-26
44. B.G. Els W.P. Karpeta An early incised-valley system: The Late Archaean "erosion channels" of the Carletonville goldfield, South Africa Abstracts, Sixth International Conference on Fluvial Sedimentology, Cape Town 1997 53
45. B.G. Els J.J. Mayer Transgressive and progradational beach and nearshore facies in the Late Archaean Turffontein Subgroup of the Witwatersrand Supergroup, Vredefort area, South Africa S. Afr. J. Geol. 95 1992 60-73
46. B.G. Els J.J. Mayer Authors' reply to discussion by P.G. Eriksson et al. of: Els, B.G., Mayer, J.J., 1992. Transgressive and progradational beach and nearshore facies in the Late Archaean Turffontein Subgroup of the Witwatersrand Supergroup, Vredefort Area, South Africa S. Afr. J. Geol. 96 1/2 1993 62
47. B.G. Els J.J. Mayer Coarse clastic tidal and fluvial sedimentation during a large late Archaean sea-level rise: The Turffontein Subgroup in the Vredefort Structure, South Africa SEPM Spec. Publ. 61 1998 155-165
48. P.G. Eriksson Sea level changes and the continental freeboard concept: general principles and application to the Precambrian Precambrian Res. 97 1999 143-154
49. P.G. Eriksson O. Catuneanu A commentary on Precambrian plate tectonics In: P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu editors, The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 201-213
50. P.G. Eriksson O. Catuneanu Third-order sequence stratigraphy in the Palaeoproterozoic Daspoort Formation (Pretoria Group, Transvaal Supergroup), Kaapvaal craton In: P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu editors, The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 724-735
51. K.A. Eriksson B.R. Turner R.G. Vos Evidence of tidal processes from the lower part of the Witwatersrand Supergroup, South Africa Sediment. Geol. 29 1981 309-325
52. P.G. Eriksson R. van der Merwe A.J. Bumby The Palaeoproterozoic Woodlands Formation of eastern Botswana - northwestern South Africa: lithostratigraphy and relationship with Transvaal Basin inversion structures J. Afr. Earth Sci. 27 1998 349-358
53. P.G. Eriksson R. Mazumder K.K. Roy P.K. Bose W. Altermann R. van der Merwe The 2.7-2.0 Ga volcano-sedimentary record of Africa, India and Australia: Evidence for global and local changes in sea level and continental freeboard Precambrian Res. 97 1999 269-302
54. P.G. Eriksson M.A. Martins-Neto D.R. Nelson L.B. Aspler J.R. Chiarenzelli O. Catuneanu et al. An introduction to Precambrian basins: their characteristics and genesis Sediment. Geol. 141-142 2001 1-35
55. P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann O. Catuneanu R. van der Merwe A.J. Bumby Major influences on the evolution of the 2.67-2.1 Ga Transvaal basin, Kaapvaal craton Sediment. Geol. 141-142 2001 205-231
56. P.G. Eriksson K.C. Condie W. van der Westhuizen R. van der Merwe H. de Bruiyn D.R. Nelson Late Archaean superplume events: A Kaapvaal-Pilbara perspective J. Geodyn. 34 2002 207-247
57. P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 941 pp.
58. P.G. Eriksson O. Catuneanu S. Sarkar H. Tirsgaard Patterns of sedimentation in the Precambrian Sediment. Geol. 176 2005a 17-37 [this volume].
59. P.G. Eriksson O. Catuneanu D.R. Nelson M. Popa Controls on Precambrian sea level change and sedimentary cyclicity Sediment. Geol. 176 2005b 39-61 [this volume].
60. R.E. Ernst K.L. Buchan A. Prokoph Large igneous province record through time In: P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu editors, The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 173-180
61. N.J. Grobler H. de Bruiyn W.A. van der Westhuizen A.E. Schoch Komatiite affinities at the bottom and top of the late Archaean-early Proterozoic intracratonic Ventersdorp volcanic pile Abstracts, Geocongress '86 1986 University of the Free State Bloemfontein, South Africa 129-132
62. N.J. Grobler W.A. van der Westhuizen E.A.W. Tordiffe The Sodium Group, South Africa: Reference section for late Archaean-early Proterozoic cratonic cover sequences Aust. J. Earth Sci. 36 1989 41-64
63. R.C.B. Hall Supporting evidence for the placement of the Inter-Reef Lavas and associated sediments within the Venterspost Conglomerate Formation: Kloof Gold Mine S. Afr. J. Geol. 97 1994 297-307
64. Hall RCB. The stratigraphic placement of the Venterspost Conglomerate Formation. MSc thesis (unpubl.) South Africa: Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education; 1996. 153 pp.
65. C.J.H. Hartnady C.W. Stowe The Archaean-Proterozoic transition: A review of the Randian Erathem in southern Africa with reference to the accretionary tectonic evolution of the Kaapvaal and Zimbabwe provinces Precambrian research unit Information Circular 1991 University of Cape Town South Africa 1-18
66. C.J. Hatton Mantle plume origin for the Bushveld and Ventersdorp magmatic provinces J. Afr. Earth Sci. 21 1995 571-577
67. C.J. Hatton J.K. Schweitzer Evidence for synchronous extrusive and intrusive Bushveld magmatism J. Afr. Earth Sci. 21 4 1995 579-594
68. R.I. Hill Mantle plumes and continental tectonics Lithos 30 1993 193-206
69. R.I. Hill I.H. Campbell G.F. Davies R.W. Griffiths Mantle plumes and continental tectonics Science 256 1992 186-193
70. L. Holzer R. Frei J.M. Barton J.D. Kramers Unraveling the record of successive high grade events in the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt using Pb single phase dating of metamorphic minerals Precambrian Res. 87 1998 87-115
71. P. Homewood P.A. Allen G.D. Williams Dynamics of the Molasse Basin of western Switzerland In: P.A. Allen P. Homewood editors, Foreland basins Spec. Publ. Internat. Assoc. Sedimentol. vol. 8 1986 Blackwell Oxford 199-218
72. B.S. Kamber J.D. Kramers R. Napier R.A. Cliff H.R. Rollinson The Triangle Shearzone, Zimbabwe revisited: New data document an important event at 2.0 Ga in the Limpopo Belt Precambrian Res. 70 1995 191-213
73. W.P. Karpeta Bedded cherts in the Rietgat Formation, Hartebeesfontein, South Africa: A late Archaean to early Proterozoic magadiitic alkaline playa lake deposit? S. Afr. J. Geol. 92 1989 29-36
74. A. Kröner P. Jaeckel G. Brandl A.A. Nemchin R.T. Pidgeon Single zircon ages for granitoid gneisses in the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt, Southern Africa and geodynamic significance Precambrian Res. 93 1999 299-337
75. R.L. Larson Latest pulse of Earth: Evidence for a mid-Cretaceous superplume Geology 19 1991 547-550
76. J.S. Marsh M.P. Bowen N.W. Rogers T.B. Bowen Petrogenesis of Late Archean flood-type basic lavas from the Klipriviersberg Group, Ventersdorp Supergroup, South Africa J. Petrol. 33 1992 817-847
77. T.S. McCarthy R.E. Myers I.G. Stanistreet Sedimentary response to Witwatersrand age basement movements Abstracts with. Programme, Tectonics Div., Geol. Soc. S. Afr., Meeting, Johannesburg 1987 A-F
78. S. McCourt The crustal architecture of the Kaapvaal crustal block South Africa, between 3.5 and 2.0 Ga Miner. Depos. 30 1995 89-97
79. S. McCourt R.A. Armstrong SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of granites from the Central Zone, Limpopo Belt, southern Africa: Implications for the age of the Limpopo Orogeny S. Afr. J. Geol. 101 4 1998 329-338
80. Meintjes PG. Stratigraphy, petrochemistry and genesis of the Makwassie Formation, Ventersdorp Supergroup. PhD thesis (unpubl.). South Africa: University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 1998. 336 pp.
81. A.D. Miall The geology of stratigraphic sequences 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin 433 pp.
82. A.D. Miall Testing for eustatic sea-level control in the Precambrian sedimentary record Sediment. Geol. 176 2005 9-16
83. R.E. Myers T.S. McCarthy M. Bunyard R.G. Cawthorn T.M. Falatsa T. Hewitt et al. Geochemical stratigraphy of the Klipriviersberg volcanic rocks S. Afr. J. Geol. 93 1990 224-238
84. D.R. Nelson A.F. Trendall W. Altermann Chronological correlations between the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cratons Precambrian Res. 97 1999 165-189
85. E.G. Nisbet The tectonic setting and petrogenesis of komatiites In: N. Arndt E.G. Nisbet editors, Komatiites 1982 George Allen and Unwin London 501-520
86. M. Poujol L.J. Robb New U-Pb zircon ages on gneisses and pegmatite from south of the Murchison greenstone belt, South Africa S. Afr. J. Geol. 102 2 1999 93-97
87. D.A. Pretorius The nature of the Witwatersrand gold deposits In: K.H. Wolf editor, Handbook on stratabound and strataform ore deposits vol. 7 1976 Elsevier Amsterdam 29-88
88. D.A. Pretorius Gold and uranium in quartz-pebble conglomerates Econ. Geol. 75 1981 117-138
89. R.N. Pysklywec J.X. Mitrovica The role of subduction-induced subsidence in the evolution of the Karoo Basin J. Geol. 107 1999 155-164
90. L.J. Robb F.M. Meyer The Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa: Geological framework and mineralization processes Econ. Geol. Research Unit, Information Circular vol. 293 1995 University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg, South Africa 37 pp.
91. L.J. Robb D.W. Davis S.L. Kamo Chronological framework for the Witwatersrand Basin and environs: Towards a time constrained depositional model S. Afr. J. Geol. 94 1991 86-95
92. S. Sarkar S. Banerjee P.G Eriksson O. Catuneanu Microbial mat control on siliciclastic Precambrian sequence stratigraphic architecture: Examples from India Sediment. Geol. 176 2005 191-205
93. E.L. Simpson F.F. Alkmim P.K. Bose A.J. Bumby K.A. Eriksson P.G. Eriksson et al. Sedimentary dynamics of Precambrian aeolianites In: P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu editors, The Precambrian Earth: Tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 642-657
94. N.H. Sleep Archean plate tectonics: What can be learned from continental geology? Can. J. Earth Sci. 29 1992 2066-2071
95. N.H. Sleep Lateral flow of hot plume material ponded at sub-lithospheric depths J. Geophys. Res. 101 1996 28065-28083
96. N.H. Sleep Lateral flow and ponding of starting plume material J. Geophys. Res. 102 1997 10001-10012
97. I.G. Stanistreet Ancient and modern examples of tectonic escape basins: the Archaean Witwatersrand Basin compared with the Cenozoic Maracaibo Basin In: L.E. Frostick R.J. Steel editors, Tectonic controls and signatures in sedimentary successions Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. vol. 20 1993 Blackwell Oxford 363-376
98. I.G. Stanistreet T.S. McCarthy Changing tectono-sedimentary scenarios relevant to the development of the Late Archaean Witwatersrand Basin J. Afr. Earth Sci. 13 1991 65-82
99. I.G. Stanistreet T.S. McCarthy E.G. Charlesworth R.E. Myers R.A. Armstrong Pre-Transvaal wrench tectonics along the northern margin of the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa Tectonophysics 131 1986 53-74
100. Strydom PM. The rocks of the Witwatersrand Triad in the Klerksdorp Goldfield. Unpublished Internal Report. South Africa: Anglo American Corporation; 1986. 16 pp.
101. A.J. Tankard M.P.A. Jackson K.A. Eriksson D.K. Hobday D.R. Hunter W.E.L. Minter Crustal evolution of southern Africa, 3.8 billion years of earth history 1982 Springer New York 523 pp.
102. J. Tinker M.J. de Wit J. Grotzinger Seismic stratigraphic constraints on Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic evolution of the western margin of the Kaapvaal craton, South Africa S. Afr. J. Geol. 105 2002 107-134
103. A.F. Trendall The significance of iron-formation in the Precambrian stratigraphic record In: W. Altermann P.L. Corcoran editors, Precambrian Sedimentary Environments: A Modern Approach to Depositional Systems Spec. Publ. Internat. Assoc. Sedimentol. vol. 44 2002 Blackwell Oxford 33-66
104. P.R. Vail R.M. Mitchum R.G. Todd J.M. Widmier S. Thompson III J.B. Sangree et al. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea-level In: C.E. Payton editor Seismic stratigraphy - Applications to hydrocarbon exploration Mem. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. vol. 26 1977 49-212
105. W.A. Van der Westhuizen H. de Bruiyn High temperature ash flow - wet sediment interaction in the Makwassie Formation, Ventersdorp Supergroup, South Africa Precambrian Res. 101 2000 341-351
106. W.A. Van der Westhuizen H. de Bruiyn P.G. Meintjies The Ventersdorp Supergroup: An overview J. Afr. Earth Sci. 13 1991 83-105
107. F. Walraven J. Martini Zircon Pb-evaporation age determinations of the Oak Tree Formation, Chuniespoort Group, Transvaal Sequence: Implications for Transvaal-Griqualand West basin correlations S. Afr. J. Geol. 98 1995 58-67
108. R.S. White Mantle plume origin for the Karoo and Ventersdorp flood basalts, South Africa S. Afr. J. Geol. 100 1997 271-282
109. R. White D. McKenzie Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts J. Geophys. Res. 94 1989 7685-7729
110. R.S. White D. McKenzie Mantle plumes and flood basalts J. Geophys. Res. 100 1995 17543-17585
111. G.E. Williams V.A. Gostin Mantle plume uplift in the sedimentary record: origin of kilometre-deep canyons within late Neoproterozoic successions, South Australia J. Geol. Soc. (Lond.) 157 2000 759-768
112. M.T.D. Wingate A palaeomagnetic test of the Kaapvaal-Pilbara (Vaalbara) connection at 2.78 Ga S. Afr. J. Geol. 101 1998 257-274
113. H. de la R. Winter A lithostratigraphic classification of the Ventersdorp Succession Trans. Geol. Soc. S. Afr. 79 1976 31-48
114. H. de la R. Winter Cratonic foreland model for Witwatersrand Basin development in a continental back-arc plate tectonic setting Abstracts, Geocongress '86 1986 Geol. Soc. S. Afr Johannesburg 75-80
115. H. de la R. Winter Vredefort structure fits naturally into regional geology Contributions to International Workshop on Cryptoexplosions and Catastrophes in the Geological record, Parys, South Africa, Section A-L 1987
116. H. de la R. Winter Understanding the development of the Witwatersrand foreland depobasin Terra Nova Abstracts, Conference on Precambrian Sedimentary Basins of Southern Africa, Pretoria Sedimentol. Div., Geol. Soc. S. Afr., Suppl. vol. 3 1991 30-31
117. H. de la R. Winter Foreland depobasin response of the Witwatersrand Supergroup in the Rietfontein-East Rand region: Eustatic marine parallels and tectonic continental contrasts around the proximal rim S. Afr. J. Geol. 97 2 1994 119-134
118. G.M. Young Earth's two great Precambrian glaciations: Aftermath of the "Snowball Earth" hypothesis In: P.G. Eriksson W. Altermann D.R. Nelson W.U. Mueller O. Catuneanu editors, The Precambrian Earth: tempos and events 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam 440-448
119. B.A. Zaitlin D. Potocki M.J. Warren L. Rosenthal R. Boyd Sequence stratigraphy in low accommodation foreland basins: An example from the lower Cretaceous Basal Quartz Formation of southern Alberta Abstracts, GeoCanada 2000 conference, Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol. On CD