Lipid-lowering drugs and essential omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in patients with coronary heart disease

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 36-41

  De Lorgeril, Michel ^a,b   Salen, Patricia ^a   Guiraud, Annabelle ^a   Zeghichi, Sabrina ^a   Boucher, François ^a   De Leiris, Joël ^a  

^a UNIV GRENOBLE ALPES   (France)

^b UFR de Medecine et Pharmacie   (France)

Author keywords

Coronary heart disease; Fibrate; Omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids; PPAR agonist; Statin

Indexed keywords

ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; ARACHIDONIC ACID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FENOFIBRATE; LINOLEIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; OMEGA 6 FATTY ACID; SIMVASTATIN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; FATTY ACID BLOOD LEVEL; FATTY ACID METABOLISM; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIPID METABOLISM; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATIENT SELECTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE;

EID: 17444379387     PISSN: 09394753     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2004.09.001     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Leaf A, Kang JX, Xiao YF, Billman GE. Clinical prevention of sudden cardiac death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and mechanism of prevention of arrhythmias by n-3 fish oils. Circulation 2003;107:2646-52.
2. de Lorgeril M, Salen P. Dietary intervention in coronary care units and in secondary prevention. In: Théroux Pierre, editor. Acute coronary syndromes. A companion to Braunwald's heart disease. USA: Elsevier Science; 2003. p. 613-31. [chapter 44].
3. de Lorgeril M, Salen P. Dietary prevention of coronary heart disease: focus on omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acid balance. World Rev Nutr Diet 2003;92:57-73.
4. Pearce ML, Dayton S. Incidence of cancer in men on a diet high in polyunsaturated fat. Lancet 1971;1:464-7.
5. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Manjaud I, Boucher P, Mamelle N. Mediterranean dietary pattern in a randomized trial. Prolonged survival and possible reduced cancer rate. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:1181-7.
6. Théroux P. Antithrombotic therapy. In: Théroux Pierre, editor. Acute coronary syndromes. A companion to Braunwald's heart disease. USA: Elsevier Science; 2003. p. 431-43. [chapter 31].
7. Jänne PA, Mayer RJ. Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2001;342:1960-8.
8. Kark JD, Kaufmann NA, Binka F, Goldberger N, Berry EM. Adipose tissue n-6 fatty acids and acute myocardial infarction in a population consuming a diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:796-802.
9. Dwyer JH, Allayee H, Dwyer KM, Fan J, Wu H, Mar R, et al. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase promoter genotype, dietary arachidonic acid, and atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2004;350:29-37.
10. Risé P, Pazzucconi F, Sirtori CR, Galli C. Statins enhance arachidonic acid synthesis in hypercholesterolemic patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2001;11:88-94.
11. Nakamura N, Hamazaki T, Jokaji H, Minami S, Kobayashi M. Effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in patients with hyperlipidemia. Int J Clin Lab Res 1998;28:192-5.
12. Dwight JF, Mendes Ribeiro AC, Hendry BM. Effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibition on erythrocyte membrane cholesterol and acyl chain composition. Clin Chim Acta 1996;256:53-63.
13. de Lorgeril M, Renaud S, Mamelle N, Salen P, Monjaud I, Delaye J, et al. Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet 1994;343:1454-9.
14. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Mamelle N, Delaye J. Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction. Final report of the Lyon diet heart study. Circulation 1999;99:779-85.
15. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Bontemps L, Monjaud I, Itti C. Effects of lipid-lowering drugs on left ventricular function and exercise tolerance in dyslipidemic patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1999;33:473-8.
16. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Paillard F, Lacan P, Richard G. Lipid-lowering drugs and homocysteine. Lancet 1999;353:209-10.
17. de Lorgeril M, Salen P. Fish and n-3 fatty acids for the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease. Am J Med 2002;112:316-9.
18. Secondary prevention by raising HDL cholesterol and reducing triglycerides in patients with coronary artery disease: the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) study. Circulation 2000;102:21-7.
19. Rubins HB, Robins SJ, Collins D, Fye CL, Anderson JW, Elan MB, et al. Gemfobrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Veterans affairs high-density lipoprotein cholesterol intervention trial study group. N Engl J Med 1999;341:410-8.
20. Sheperd J, Blauw GJ, Murphy MB, Bollen EL, Buckley BM, Cobbe SM, et al. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002;360:1623-30.
21. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF heart protection study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002;360:7-22.
22. The ALLHAT Officers and coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomised to pravastatin vs usual care. The antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack. JAMA 2002;288:2998-3007.
23. Sever PS, Dahlöf B, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Beevers G, Caulfield N, et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicenter randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003;361:1149-58.
24. Hsue P, Waters D. Control of risk factors. In: Théroux Pierre, editor. Acute coronary syndromes. A companion to Braunwald's heart disease. USA: Elsevier Science; 2003. p. 601-12. [chapter 43].
25. Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26.
26. Willerson JT. Treatment of cardiovascular inflammation. In: Théroux Pierre, editor. Acute coronary syndromes. A companion to Braunwald's heart disease. USA: Elsevier Science; 2003. p. 444-52. [chapter 32].
27. Ridker PM. Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention. Circulation 2003;107:363-9.
28. Serruys P, de Feyter P, Macaya C, Kokott N, Puel J, Vrolix M, et al. Fluvastatin for prevention of cardiac events following successful first percutaneous coronary intervention. A randomised controlled trial. JAMA 2002;287:3215-22.
29. Ferretti A, Nelson GJ, Schmidt PC, Kelly DS, Bartolini G, Flanagan VF. Increased dietary arachidonic acid enhances the synthesis of vasoactive eicosanoids in humans. Lipids 1997;32:435-9.
30. Lands WE. Primary prevention in cardiovascular disease: moving out of the shadows of the truth about death. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2003;13:154-64.
31. Li B, Birdwell C, Whelan J. Antithetic relationship of dietary arachidonic acid and eicosapentanoic acid on eicosanoid production in vivo. J Lipid Res 1994;35:1869-77.
32. Oe H, Kuzuya T, Hoshida S, Nishida M, Hori M, Kamada T, et al. Calcium overload and cardiac myocyte damage induced by arachidonate lipoxygenation. Am J Physiol 1994;267:H1396-402.
33. Kawashima Y, Musoh K, Lozuka H. Peroxisome proliferators enhance linoleic acid metabolism in rat liver. Increased biosynthesis of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Biol Chem 1990;265:9170-5.
34. Hrboticky N, Tang L, Zimmer B, Lux I, Weber PC. Lovastatin increases arachidonic acid levels and stimulates thromboxane synthesis in human liver and monocytic cell lines. J Clin Invest 1994;93:195-203.
35. Rizé P, Colombo C, Galli C. Effect of simvastatin on the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and on the glycerolipid, cholesterol, and de novo lipid synthesis in THP-1 cells. J Lipid Res 1997;38:1299-307.
36. Rizé P, Ghezzi S, Levati MG, Mirtini R, Colombo C, Galli C. Pharmacological modulation of fatty acid desaturation and of cholesterol biosynthesis in THP-1 cells. Lipids 2003;38:841-6.
37. Galli C, Rizé P, Marangoni F, Petroni A, Visioli F. Manipulation of the fate of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in cultured cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1997;57:23-6.
38. Rizé P, Ghezzi S, Galli C. Relative potencies of statins in reducing cholesterol synthesis and enhancing linoleic acid metabolism. Eur J Pharmacol 2003;467:73-5.