메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 139-143

Non-neurological organ dysfunction in neurocritical care: Impact on outcome and etiological considerations

Author keywords

Cerebral hemorrhage; Critical care; Head injury; Neurocritical care; Organ dysfunction

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATED PROTEIN C; ADRENALIN; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BARBITURIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; CATECHOLAMINE; CEFUROXIME; DOBUTAMINE; DOPAMINE; GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 16844366784     PISSN: 10705295     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.ccx.0000155356.86241.c0     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (56)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0032962030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracerebral organ dysfunction and neurologic outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Gruber A, Reinprecht A, Illievich UM, et al. Extracerebral organ dysfunction and neurologic outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:505-514. This paper identifies the association of non-neurological organ dysfunction and outcome in subarachnoid hemorrhage.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 505-514
    • Gruber, A.1    Reinprecht, A.2    Illievich, U.M.3
  • 2
    • 0346786556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-neurological organ dysfunction in neurocritical care
    • Zygun DA, Doig CJ, Gupta AK, et al. Non-neurological organ dysfunction in neurocritical care. J Crit Care 2003; 18:238-244.
    • (2003) J Crit Care , vol.18 , pp. 238-244
    • Zygun, D.A.1    Doig, C.J.2    Gupta, A.K.3
  • 3
    • 0030015661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure
    • On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
    • Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22:707-710.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 707-710
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Moreno, R.2    Takala, J.3
  • 4
    • 0042205411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of acute lung injury is associated with worse neurologic outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
    • Holland MC, Mackersie RC, Morabito D, et al. The development of acute lung injury is associated with worse neurologic outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2003; 55:106-111. This study defines the importance of acute lung injury in patients with head injury.
    • (2003) J Trauma , vol.55 , pp. 106-111
    • Holland, M.C.1    Mackersie, R.C.2    Morabito, D.3
  • 5
    • 0028267785 scopus 로고
    • Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination
    • The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS
    • Bernard GR, Artigas A, Brigham KL, et al. The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS. Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149(3 Pt 1): 818-24.
    • (1994) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.149 , Issue.3 PART 1 , pp. 818-824
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Artigas, A.2    Brigham, K.L.3
  • 6
    • 14944366530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-neurologic organ dysfunction in severe traumatic brain injury
    • in press
    • Zygun DA, Kortbeek UB, Fick GH, et al. Non-neurologic organ dysfunction in severe traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med 2005 (in press).
    • (2005) Crit Care Med
    • Zygun, D.A.1    Kortbeek, U.B.2    Fick, G.H.3
  • 7
    • 0001225324 scopus 로고
    • A new electrocardiographic pattern obseved in cerebrovascular accidents
    • Burch GE, Meyers R, Abildskov JA. A new electrocardiographic pattern obseved in cerebrovascular accidents. Circulation 1954; 9:719-723.
    • (1954) Circulation , vol.9 , pp. 719-723
    • Burch, G.E.1    Meyers, R.2    Abildskov, J.A.3
  • 8
    • 0029765118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible cardiogenic shock complicating subarachnoid haemorrhage
    • Parr MJ, Finfer SR, Morgan MK. Reversible cardiogenic shock complicating subarachnoid haemorrhage. BMJ 1996; 313:681-683.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.313 , pp. 681-683
    • Parr, M.J.1    Finfer, S.R.2    Morgan, M.K.3
  • 9
    • 0028361270 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac injury associated with neurogenic pulmonary edema following subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Mayer SA, Fink ME, Homma S, et al. Cardiac injury associated with neurogenic pulmonary edema following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology 1994; 44:815-820.
    • (1994) Neurology , vol.44 , pp. 815-820
    • Mayer, S.A.1    Fink, M.E.2    Homma, S.3
  • 10
    • 0028040574 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: Neurogenic stunned myocardium
    • Kono T, Morita H, Kuroiwa T, et al. Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: neurogenic stunned myocardium. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994; 24:636-640.
    • (1994) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.24 , pp. 636-640
    • Kono, T.1    Morita, H.2    Kuroiwa, T.3
  • 11
    • 0023103062 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary edema associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Evidence for a cardiogenic origin
    • Schell AR, Shenoy MM, Friedman SA, et al. Pulmonary edema associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Evidence for a cardiogenic origin. Arch Intern Med 1987; 147:591-592.
    • (1987) Arch Intern Med , vol.147 , pp. 591-592
    • Schell, A.R.1    Shenoy, M.M.2    Friedman, S.A.3
  • 12
    • 0027447310 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial perfusion following acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with an abnormal electrocardiogram
    • Szabo MD, Crosby G, Hurford WE, et al. Myocardial perfusion following acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with an abnormal electrocardiogram. Anesth Analg 1993; 76:253-258.
    • (1993) Anesth Analg , vol.76 , pp. 253-258
    • Szabo, M.D.1    Crosby, G.2    Hurford, W.E.3
  • 13
    • 0030852687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concurrent subarachnoid haemorrhage and myocardial injury
    • Raymer K, Choi P. Concurrent subarachnoid haemorrhage and myocardial injury. Can J Anaesth 1997; 44:515-519.
    • (1997) Can J Anaesth , vol.44 , pp. 515-519
    • Raymer, K.1    Choi, P.2
  • 14
    • 0034086307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased sympathetic nervous activity in patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Naredi S, Lambert G, Eden E, et al. Increased sympathetic nervous activity in patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 2000; 31; 901-906.
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 901-906
    • Naredi, S.1    Lambert, G.2    Eden, E.3
  • 15
    • 0029982990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the cardiac effects of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in dogs
    • discussion 741-2
    • Elrifai AM, Bailes JE, Shih SR, et al. Characterization of the cardiac effects of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in dogs. Stroke 1996; 27:737-741; discussion 741-2.
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , pp. 737-741
    • Elrifai, A.M.1    Bailes, J.E.2    Shih, S.R.3
  • 16
    • 0014555715 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial damage secondary to brain lesions
    • Connor RC. Myocardial damage secondary to brain lesions. Am Heart J 1969; 78:145-148.
    • (1969) Am Heart J , vol.78 , pp. 145-148
    • Connor, R.C.1
  • 17
    • 0033836791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional patterns of left ventricular systolic dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage: Evidence for neurally mediated cardiac injury
    • Zaroff JG, Rordorf GA, Ogilvy CS, et al. Regional patterns of left ventricular systolic dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage: evidence for neurally mediated cardiac injury. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2000; 13:774-779. This paper identifies a specific pattern of myocardial injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage.
    • (2000) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.13 , pp. 774-779
    • Zaroff, J.G.1    Rordorf, G.A.2    Ogilvy, C.S.3
  • 18
    • 0035114676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial dysfunction associated with brain death: Clinical, echocardiographic, and pathologic features
    • Dujardin KS, McCully RB, Wijdicks EF, et al. Myocardial dysfunction associated with brain death: clinical, echocardiographic, and pathologic features. J Heart Lung Transplant 2001; 20:350-357.
    • (2001) J Heart Lung Transplant , vol.20 , pp. 350-357
    • Dujardin, K.S.1    McCully, R.B.2    Wijdicks, E.F.3
  • 19
    • 0001811439 scopus 로고
    • Acute pulmonary edema as a complication of epileptic seizures
    • Shanahan WT. Acute pulmonary edema as a complication of epileptic seizures. NY Med J 1908; 37:54-56.
    • (1908) NY Med J , vol.37 , pp. 54-56
    • Shanahan, W.T.1
  • 20
    • 0036372951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary and cardiac sequelae of subarachnoid haemorrhage: Time for active management?
    • Macmillan CS, Grant IS, Andrews PJ. Pulmonary and cardiac sequelae of subarachnoid haemorrhage: time for active management? Intensive Care Med 2002; 28:1012-1023. An excellent and comprehensive review of the cardiopulmonary complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
    • (2002) Intensive Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 1012-1023
    • Macmillan, C.S.1    Grant, I.S.2    Andrews, P.J.3
  • 21
    • 0031007780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a hydrostatic mechanism in human neurogenic pulmonary edema
    • Smith WS, Matthay MA. Evidence for a hydrostatic mechanism in human neurogenic pulmonary edema. Chest 1997; 111:1326-1333.
    • (1997) Chest , vol.111 , pp. 1326-1333
    • Smith, W.S.1    Matthay, M.A.2
  • 22
    • 0015910215 scopus 로고
    • Epinephrine-induced changes in the pulmonary pressure-volume curve of the intact and hypovolemic rabbit
    • Davidson JT, Charuzi I. Epinephrine-induced changes in the pulmonary pressure-volume curve of the intact and hypovolemic rabbit. Chest 1973; 63:250-253.
    • (1973) Chest , vol.63 , pp. 250-253
    • Davidson, J.T.1    Charuzi, I.2
  • 23
    • 0014247796 scopus 로고
    • Increased intracranial pressure and pulmonary edema. 2. The hemodynamic response of dogs and monkeys to increased intracranial pressure
    • Ducker TB, Simmons RL. Increased intracranial pressure and pulmonary edema. 2. The hemodynamic response of dogs and monkeys to increased intracranial pressure. J Neurosurg 1968; 28:118-123.
    • (1968) J Neurosurg , vol.28 , pp. 118-123
    • Ducker, T.B.1    Simmons, R.L.2
  • 24
    • 0024385177 scopus 로고
    • Neurogenic pulmonary edema in the acute stage of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease
    • Touho H, Karasawa J, Shishido H, et al. Neurogenic pulmonary edema in the acute stage of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease. Neurosurgery 1989; 25:762-768.
    • (1989) Neurosurgery , vol.25 , pp. 762-768
    • Touho, H.1    Karasawa, J.2    Shishido, H.3
  • 25
    • 0027469626 scopus 로고
    • Increased interleukin-6 levels in cerebrospinal fluid following subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Mathiesen T, Andersson B, Loftenius A, et al. Increased interleukin-6 levels in cerebrospinal fluid following subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 1993; 78:562-567.
    • (1993) J Neurosurg , vol.78 , pp. 562-567
    • Mathiesen, T.1    Andersson, B.2    Loftenius, A.3
  • 26
    • 0028963732 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine production in cerebrospinal fluid after subarachnoid haemorrhage
    • Kikuchi T, Okuda Y, Kaito N, et al. Cytokine production in cerebrospinal fluid after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Neurol Res 1995; 17:106-108.
    • (1995) Neurol Res , vol.17 , pp. 106-108
    • Kikuchi, T.1    Okuda, Y.2    Kaito, N.3
  • 27
    • 0031309006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 response in children after severe traumatic brain injury or septic shock
    • Bell MJ, Kochanek PM, Doughty LA, et al. Comparison of the interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 response in children after severe traumatic brain injury or septic shock. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 1997; 70:96-97.
    • (1997) Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) , vol.70 , pp. 96-97
    • Bell, M.J.1    Kochanek, P.M.2    Doughty, L.A.3
  • 29
    • 0030804604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of platelet activating factor, inflammatory cytokines, and coagulation factors in the internal jugular vein of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Hirashima Y, Nakamura S, Endo S, et al. Elevation of platelet activating factor, inflammatory cytokines, and coagulation factors in the internal jugular vein of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurochem Res 1997; 22:1249-1255.
    • (1997) Neurochem Res , vol.22 , pp. 1249-1255
    • Hirashima, Y.1    Nakamura, S.2    Endo, S.3
  • 30
    • 0030913037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial cytokine gradients in patients requiring intensive care after acute brain injury
    • McKeating EG, Andrews PJ, Signorini DF, et al. Transcranial cytokine gradients in patients requiring intensive care after acute brain injury. Br J Anaesth 1997; 78:520-523.
    • (1997) Br J Anaesth , vol.78 , pp. 520-523
    • McKeating, E.G.1    Andrews, P.J.2    Signorini, D.F.3
  • 32
    • 0028326722 scopus 로고
    • Soluble fibrin and D-dimer as detectors of hypercoagulability in patients with isolated brain trauma
    • Bredbacka S, Edner G. Soluble fibrin and D-dimer as detectors of hypercoagulability in patients with isolated brain trauma. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 1994; 6:75-82.
    • (1994) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.6 , pp. 75-82
    • Bredbacka, S.1    Edner, G.2
  • 33
    • 0014597829 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms in acute trauma
    • Attar S, Boyd D, Layne E, et al. Alterations in coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms in acute trauma. J Trauma 1969; 9:939-965.
    • (1969) J Trauma , vol.9 , pp. 939-965
    • Attar, S.1    Boyd, D.2    Layne, E.3
  • 34
    • 0024505535 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiologic and biochemical events in disseminated intravascular coagulation: Dysregulation of procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways
    • Muller-Berghaus G. Pathophysiologic and biochemical events in disseminated intravascular coagulation: dysregulation of procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways. Semin Thromb Hemost 1989; 15:58-87.
    • (1989) Semin Thromb Hemost , vol.15 , pp. 58-87
    • Muller-Berghaus, G.1
  • 35
    • 0028875484 scopus 로고
    • Soluble thrombomodulin increases in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation and in those with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after trauma: Role of neutrophil elastase
    • Gando S, Nakanishi Y, Kameue T, et al. Soluble thrombomodulin increases in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation and in those with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after trauma: role of neutrophil elastase. J Trauma 1995; 39:660-664.
    • (1995) J Trauma , vol.39 , pp. 660-664
    • Gando, S.1    Nakanishi, Y.2    Kameue, T.3
  • 36
    • 0033811646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil elastase may play a key role in developing symptomatic disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure in patients with head injury
    • Takahasi H, Urano T, Nagai N, et al. Neutrophil elastase may play a key role in developing symptomatic disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure in patients with head injury. J Trauma 2000; 49:86-91.
    • (2000) J Trauma , vol.49 , pp. 86-91
    • Takahasi, H.1    Urano, T.2    Nagai, N.3
  • 37
    • 0032748981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of secondary ischemic insults after severe head injury
    • Robertson CS, Valadka AB, Hannay HJ, et al. Prevention of secondary ischemic insults after severe head injury. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:2086-2095.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 2086-2095
    • Robertson, C.S.1    Valadka, A.B.2    Hannay, H.J.3
  • 38
    • 0034765124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult respiratory distress syndrome: A complication of induced hypertension after severe head injury
    • Contant CF, Valadka AB, Gopinath SP, et al. Adult respiratory distress syndrome: a complication of induced hypertension after severe head injury. J Neurosurg 2001; 95:560-568. This study identifies risk factors for ARDS derived from a randomized trial comparing, in part, two CPP thresholds.
    • (2001) J Neurosurg , vol.95 , pp. 560-568
    • Contant, C.F.1    Valadka, A.B.2    Gopinath, S.P.3
  • 39
    • 0025180810 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of cellular immune activity following severe head injury
    • Quattrocchi KB, Frank EH, Miller CH, et al. Suppression of cellular immune activity following severe head injury. J Neurotrauma 1990; 7:77-87.
    • (1990) J Neurotrauma , vol.7 , pp. 77-87
    • Quattrocchi, K.B.1    Frank, E.H.2    Miller, C.H.3
  • 40
    • 0031767902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barbiturate coma may promote reversible bone marrow suppression in patients with severe isolated traumatic brain injury
    • Stover JF, Stocker R. Barbiturate coma may promote reversible bone marrow suppression in patients with severe isolated traumatic brain injury. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 54:529-534.
    • (1998) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.54 , pp. 529-534
    • Stover, J.F.1    Stocker, R.2
  • 41
    • 0041343199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiopental inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB through suppression of kappaB kinase activity
    • Loop T, Humar M, Pischke S, et al. Thiopental inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB through suppression of kappaB kinase activity. Anesthesiology 2003; 99:360-367. This paper identifies the mechanism of barbiturate-induced immunosupression.
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.99 , pp. 360-367
    • Loop, T.1    Humar, M.2    Pischke, S.3
  • 42
    • 1642458344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early onset pneumonia: Risk factors and consequences in head trauma patients
    • Bronchard R, Albaladejo P, Brezac G, et al. Early onset pneumonia: risk factors and consequences in head trauma patients. Anesthesiology 2004; 100:234-239. An excellent study of pneumonia following traumatic brain injury.
    • (2004) Anesthesiology , vol.100 , pp. 234-239
    • Bronchard, R.1    Albaladejo, P.2    Brezac, G.3
  • 43
    • 0242425880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothermia in the management of traumatic brain injury. A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Henderson WR, Dhingra VK, Chittock DR, et al. Hypothermia in the management of traumatic brain injury. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 2003; 29:1637-1644.
    • (2003) Intensive Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1637-1644
    • Henderson, W.R.1    Dhingra, V.K.2    Chittock, D.R.3
  • 44
    • 0026487844 scopus 로고
    • Extracranial complications of severe head injury
    • Piek J, Chesnut RM, Marshall LF, et al. Extracranial complications of severe head injury. J Neurosurg 1992; 77:901-907.
    • (1992) J Neurosurg , vol.77 , pp. 901-907
    • Piek, J.1    Chesnut, R.M.2    Marshall, L.F.3
  • 46
    • 0031743053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early onset pneumonia in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients
    • Berrouane Y, Daudenthun I, Riegel B, et al. Early onset pneumonia in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients. J Hosp Infect 1998; 40:275-280.
    • (1998) J Hosp Infect , vol.40 , pp. 275-280
    • Berrouane, Y.1    Daudenthun, I.2    Riegel, B.3
  • 47
    • 1642324400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Permissive hypercapnia-role in protective lung ventilatory strategies
    • Laffey JG, O'Croinin D, McLoughlin P, et al. Permissive hypercapnia-role in protective lung ventilatory strategies. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30:347-356.
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 347-356
    • Laffey, J.G.1    O'Croinin, D.2    McLoughlin, P.3
  • 48
    • 0035826096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis
    • Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:699-709.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 699-709
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Vincent, J.L.2    Laterre, P.F.3
  • 49
    • 0018129071 scopus 로고
    • Effect of propranolol and phentolamine on myocardial necrosis after subarachnoid haemorrhage
    • Neil-Dwyer G, Walter P, Cruickshank JM, et al. Effect of propranolol and phentolamine on myocardial necrosis after subarachnoid haemorrhage. BMJ 1978; 2:990-992.
    • (1978) BMJ , vol.2 , pp. 990-992
    • Neil-Dwyer, G.1    Walter, P.2    Cruickshank, J.M.3
  • 50
    • 0022337333 scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockade benefits patients following a subarachnoid haemorrhage
    • Neil-Dwyer G, Walter P, Cruickshank JM. Beta-blockade benefits patients following a subarachnoid haemorrhage. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1985; 28(Suppl): 25-29.
    • (1985) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.28 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 25-29
    • Neil-Dwyer, G.1    Walter, P.2    Cruickshank, J.M.3
  • 51
    • 0025733564 scopus 로고
    • Neurogenic pulmonary edema: Treatment with dobutamine
    • Knudsen F, Jensen HP, Petersen PL. Neurogenic pulmonary edema: treatment with dobutamine. Neurosurgery 1991; 29:269-270.
    • (1991) Neurosurgery , vol.29 , pp. 269-270
    • Knudsen, F.1    Jensen, H.P.2    Petersen, P.L.3
  • 52
    • 0030055383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haemodynamic changes in neurogenic pulmonary oedema: Effect of dobutamine
    • Deehan SC, Grant IS. Haemodynamic changes in neurogenic pulmonary oedema: effect of dobutamine. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22:672-676.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 672-676
    • Deehan, S.C.1    Grant, I.S.2
  • 53
    • 10744222806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increases in cardiac output can reverse flow deficits from vasospasm independent of blood pressure: A study using xenon computed tomographic measurement of cerebral blood flow
    • discussion 1051-2
    • Joseph M, Ziadi S, Nates J, et al. Increases in cardiac output can reverse flow deficits from vasospasm independent of blood pressure: a study using xenon computed tomographic measurement of cerebral blood flow. Neurosurgery 2003; 53:1044-1051; discussion 1051-2. This study demonstrates dobutamine may be useful in vasospasm.
    • (2003) Neurosurgery , vol.53 , pp. 1044-1051
    • Joseph, M.1    Ziadi, S.2    Nates, J.3
  • 54
    • 0032943961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial colonization patterns in mechanically ventilated patients with traumatic and medical head injury. Incidence, risk factors, and association with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Ewig S, Torres A, El-Ebiary M, et al. Bacterial colonization patterns in mechanically ventilated patients with traumatic and medical head injury. Incidence, risk factors, and association with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159:188-198.
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.159 , pp. 188-198
    • Ewig, S.1    Torres, A.2    El-Ebiary, M.3
  • 55
    • 0033802473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracheal colonisation within 24 h of intubation in patients with head trauma: Risk factor for developing early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Sirvent JM, Torres A, Vidaur L, et al. Tracheal colonisation within 24 h of intubation in patients with head trauma: risk factor for developing early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:1369-1372.
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 1369-1372
    • Sirvent, J.M.1    Torres, A.2    Vidaur, L.3
  • 56
    • 0031001758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of intravenously administered cefuroxime against nosocomial pneumonia in patients with structural coma
    • Sirvent JM, Torres A, El-Ebiary M, et al. Protective effect of intravenously administered cefuroxime against nosocomial pneumonia in patients with structural coma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155:1729-1734.
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.155 , pp. 1729-1734
    • Sirvent, J.M.1    Torres, A.2    El-Ebiary, M.3
  • 57
    • 0032916309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Head-injured patients who are nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus are at high risk for Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia
    • Campbell W, Hendrix E, Schwalbe R, et al. Head-injured patients who are nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus are at high risk for Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:798-801.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 798-801
    • Campbell, W.1    Hendrix, E.2    Schwalbe, R.3
  • 58
    • 0142012135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and prophylaxis for infection with topical intranasal mupirocin: An evidence-based review
    • Laupland KB, Conly JM. Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and prophylaxis for infection with topical intranasal mupirocin: an evidence-based review. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37:933-938.
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.37 , pp. 933-938
    • Laupland, K.B.1    Conly, J.M.2
  • 59
    • 7144257846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of prophylactic administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim) on the frequency of nosocomial infections in patients with acute traumatic brain injury or cerebral hemorrhage
    • The Filgrastim Study Group
    • Heard SO, Fink MP, Gamelli RL, et al. Effect of prophylactic administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim) on the frequency of nosocomial infections in patients with acute traumatic brain injury or cerebral hemorrhage. The Filgrastim Study Group. Crit Care Med 1998; 26:748-754.
    • (1998) Crit Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 748-754
    • Heard, S.O.1    Fink, M.P.2    Gamelli, R.L.3
  • 60
    • 0343893748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network: Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network: Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1301-1308.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 1301-1308
  • 61
    • 4744340431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency percussive ventilation: An alternative mode of ventilation for head-injured patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome
    • Salim A, Miller K, Dangleben D, et al. High-frequency percussive ventilation: an alternative mode of ventilation for head-injured patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome. J Trauma 2004; 57:542-546. A small series demonstrating improved oxygenation and ventilation with high frequency ventilation.
    • (2004) J Trauma , vol.57 , pp. 542-546
    • Salim, A.1    Miller, K.2    Dangleben, D.3
  • 62
    • 0036740556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive end-expiratory pressure alters ntracranial and cerebral perfusion pressure in severe traumatic brain injury
    • discussion 492-3
    • Huynh T, Messer M1 Sing RF, et al. Positive end-expiratory pressure alters ntracranial and cerebral perfusion pressure in severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2002; 53:488-492; discussion 492-3.
    • (2002) J Trauma , vol.53 , pp. 488-492
    • Huynh, T.1    Messer, M.2    Sing, R.F.3
  • 63
    • 0035989128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure
    • Videtta W, Villarejo F, Cohen M, et al. Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2002; 81:93-97.
    • (2002) Acta Neurochir Suppl , vol.81 , pp. 93-97
    • Videtta, W.1    Villarejo, F.2    Cohen, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.