Neighborhood effects on crime for female and male youth: Evidence from a randomized housing voucher experiment

Quarterly Journal of Economics

Volumn 120, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 87-130

  Kling, Jeffrey R ^a   Ludwig, Jens ^b   Katz, Lawrence F ^c  

^a PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 15544377384     PISSN: 00335533     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/0033553053327470     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Akerlof, George A., and Rachel E. Kranton, "Economics and Identity," Quarterly Journal of Economics, CXV (2000), 715-754.
2. Angrist, Joshua A., Guido W. Imbens, and Donald B. Rubin, "Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables," Journal of the American Statistical Association, XCI (1996), 444-472.
3. Bertrand, Marianne, and Sendhil Mullainathan, "Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination," American Economic Review, XCIV (2004), forthcoming.
4. Block, Jeanne H., "Differential Premises Arising from Differential Socialization of the Sexes: Some Conjectures," Child Development, LIV (1983), 1335-1354.
5. Bloom, Howard, "Accounting for No-Shows in Experimental Evaluation Designs," Evaluation Review, VIII (1984), 225-246.
6. Blumstein, Alfred, and Joel Wallman, eds., The Crime Drop in America (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
7. Bottcher, Jean, "Social Practices of Gender: How Gender Relates to Delinquency in the Everyday Lives of High-Risk Youths," Criminology, XXXIX (2001), 893-931.
8. Coleman, James S., The Adolescent Society (New York: Free Press, 1961).
9. Coleman, John, and Leo B. Hendry, The Nature of Adolescence, third edition (London: Routledge, 1999).
10. Cook, Philip J., "The Demand and Supply of Criminal Opportunities," in M. Tonry and N. Morris, eds., Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986), pp. 1-27.
11. _, "The Technology of Personal Violence," in M. Tonry, ed., Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991), pp. 1-71.
12. Cook, Philip J., and Kristin A. Goss, "A Selective Review of the Social-Contagion Literature," Working Paper, Sanford Institute of Public Policy Studies, Duke University, 1996.
13. Cook, Philip J., and John Laub, "The Unprecedented Epidemic in Youth Violence," in M. Tonry, ed., Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998), pp. 26-64.
14. Cutler, David M., Edward L. Glaeser, and Jacob L. Vigdor, "The Rise and Decline of the American Ghetto," Journal of Political Economy, CVII (1999), 455-506.
15. Darity, William A., and Patrick L. Mason, "Evidence on Discrimination in Employment: Codes of Color, Codes of Gender," Journal of Economic Perspectives, XII (1998), 63-90.
16. Dunworth, Terence, and Aaron Saiger, Drugs and Crime in Public Housing: A Three-City Analysis (Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice, 1994).
17. Ehrlich, Isaac, "On the Usefulness of Controlling Individuals: An Economic Analysis of Rehabilitation, Incapacitation and Deterrence," American Economic Review, LXXI (1981), 307-322.
18. _, "Crime, Punishment and the Market for Offenses," Journal of Economic Perspectives, X (1996), 43-68.
19. Fox, James A., and Marianne W. Zawitz, Homicide Trends in the United States (Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2002).
20. Glaeser, Edward L., Bruce Sacerdote, and José A. Scheinkman, "Crime and Social Interactions." Quarterly Journal of Economics, CXI (1996), 507-548.
21. Glaeser, Edward L., and Jacob L. Vigdor, Racial Segregation in the 2000 Census: Promising News (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2001).
22. Haines, Michael R., "Ethnic Differences in Demographic Behavior in the United States: Has There Been Convergence?" Cambridge, MA: NBER Working Paper No. 9042, July 2002.
23. Jencks, Christopher, and Susan E. Mayer, "The Social Consequences of Growing up in a Poor Neighborhood," in L. Lynn and M. McGeary, eds., Inner-City Poverty in the United States (Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1990).
24. Johnson, William R., and Derek Neal, "Basic Skills and the Black-White Earnings Gap," in C. Jencks and M. Phillips, eds., The Black White Test Score Gap (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1998), pp. 480-500.
25. Katz, Lawrence F., Jeffrey R. Kling, and Jeffrey B. Liebman, "Moving to Opportunity in Boston: Early Results of a Randomized Mobility Experiment," Quarterly Journal of Economics, CXVI (2001), 607-654.
26. Kirschenman, Joleen, and Kathryn M. Neckerman, " 'We'd Love to Hire Them, But. . . ': The Meaning of Race for Employers," in C. Jencks and P. Peterson, eds., The Urban Underclass (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 1991).
27. Kling, Jeffrey R., and Jeffrey B. Liebman, "Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Effects on Youth," Princeton IRS Working Paper No. 483, April 2004.
28. Kling, Jeffrey R., Jens Ludwig, and Lawrence F. Katz, "Youth Criminal Behavior in the Moving to Opportunity Experiment," Princeton IRS Working Paper No. 482, March 2004.
29. Kraemer, Sebastian, "The Fragile Male," British Medical Journal, CCCXXI (2000), 23-30.
30. LaGrange, Teresa C., and Robert A. Silverman, "Low Self-Control and Opportunity: Testing the General Theory of Crime as an Explanation for the Gender Differences in Delinquency," Criminology, XXXVII (1999), 41-72.
31. Leventhal, Tama, and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, "New York City Site Findings: The Early Impacts of Moving to Opportunity on Children and Youth," in J. Goering and J. Feins, eds., Choosing a Better Life: Evaluating the Moving to Opportunity Social Experiment (Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press, 2003), pp. 213-244.
32. Levitt, Steven D., "Understanding Why Crime Fell in the 1990's: Four Factors that Explain the Decline and Six that Do Not," Journal of Economic Perspectives, XVIII (2004), 163-190.
33. Ludwig, Jens, Greg J. Duncan, and Paul Hirschfield, "Urban Poverty and Juvenile Crime: Evidence from a Randomized Housing-Mobility Experiment," Quarterly Journal of Economics, CXVI (2001), 655-680.
34. Ludwig, Jens, Brian A. Jacob, Greg J. Duncan, James Rosenbaum, Michael Johnson, "The Effects of Housing Vouchers on Criminal Behavior: Evidence from a Randomized Lottery," Working Paper, Georgetown University Public Policy Institute, 2004.
35. Maguire, Kathleen, and Anne L. Pastore, Bureau of Justice Statistics Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics - 1998 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1999).
36. Maltz, Michael D., "Bridging Gaps in Police Crime Data, NCJ 176365" (Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1999).
37. Massey, Douglas S., and Mary J. Fischer, "The Geography of Inequality in the United States, 1950-2000," in W. Gale and J. Pack, eds., Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2003).
38. Miller, Ted R., Mark A. Cohen, and Brian Wiersema, Victim Costs and Consequences: A New Look (Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice, NCJ 155282, 1996).
39. Neal, Derek A., and William R. Johnson, "The Role of Premarket Factors in Black-White Wage Differences," Journal of Political Economy, CIV (1996), 869-895.
40. Olsen, Edgar O., "Housing Programs for Low-Income Households," in R. Moffitt, ed., Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States (Chicago: University of Chicago Press and NBER, 2003).
41. Orr, Larry et al., Moving to Opportunity: Interim Impacts Evaluation (Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research, 2003).
42. Reiss, Albert J., "Co-Offending and Criminal Careers," in Michael Tonry and Norval Morris, eds., Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1988).
43. Sah, Raaj K., "Social Osmosis and Patterns of Crime," Journal of Political Economy, XCIX (1991), 1272-1295.
44. Sampson, Robert J., Jeffrey D. Morenoff, and Thomas Gannon-Rowley, "Assessing 'Neighborhood Effects': Social Processes and New Directions in Research," Annual Review of Sociology, XXVIII (2002), 443-478.
45. Sampson, Robert J., Stephen W. Raudenbush, and Felton Earls, "Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy," Science, CCLXXVII (1997), 918-924.
46. Sanbonmatsu, Lisa, Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, Greg J. Duncan, and Jeffrey R. Kling, "Neighborhoods and Academic Achievement: Results from the MTO Experiment," Princeton IRS Working Paper No. 492, July 2004.
47. Tracy, Paul E., Marvin E. Wolfgang, and Robert M. Figlio, Delinquency Careers in Two Birth Cohorts (New York: Plenum Press, 1990).
48. Watson, Tara, "Inequality and the Rising Segregation of American Neighborhoods," unpublished paper, Harvard University, 2003.
49. Wilson, William J., The Truly Disadvantaged (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
50. Wolfgang, Marvin E., Robert M. Figlio, Paul E. Tracy, and Simon J. Singer, The National Survey of Crime Severity, NCJ-96017 (Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Justice, 1985).
51. Zaslow, Martha J., and Cheryl D. Hayes, "Sex Differences in Children's Response to Psychosocial Stress: Toward a Cross-Context Analysis," in M. Lamb, A. Brown, and B. Rogoff, eds., Advances in Developmental Psychology, Volume 4 (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum, 1986), pp. 285-338.
52. Zimring, Franklin E., American Youth Violence (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998).