A closer look at United States and global surface temperature change

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

Volumn 106, Issue D20, 2001, Pages 23947-23963

  Hansen, J ^a   Ruedy, R ^a   Sato, M ^a   Imhoff, M ^b   Lawrence, W ^b   Easterling, D ^c   Peterson, T ^c   Karl, T ^c  

^a NASA GODDARD INSTITUTE FOR SPACE STUDIES   (United States)

^b NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^c NOAA NATIONAL CLIMATIC DATA CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035193861     PISSN: 2169897X     EISSN: 21698996     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000JD000109     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Delworth, T. L. and T. R. Knutson, Simulation of early 20th century global warming, Science, 287, 2246-2250, 2000.
2. Easterling, D. R., and T. C. Peterson, A new method for detecting undocumented discontinuities in climatological time senes, Int. J. Climatol, 15, 369-377, 1995.
3. Hasterling, D. R., T. R. Karl, E. H. Mason, P. Y. Hughes, D. P. Bowman, R. C. Daniels, and T. A. Boden, in United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Environ. Sci. Div. Publ. 4500, Carbon Dioxide Inf. and Anal. Cent., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab, Oak Ridge, Term., 1996a.
4. Easterling, D. R., T. C. Peterson, and T. R. Karl, On the development and use of homogenized climate data sets, J. Clim., 9, 1429-1434, 1996b.
5. Easterling, D. R., et al., Maximum and minimum temperature trends for the globe, Science, 277, 364-367, 1997.
6. Folland, C. K., D. M. H. Sexton, D. J. Karoly, C. E. Johnson, D. P. Rowell, and D. E. Parker, Influences of anthropogenic and oceanic forcing on recent climate change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 353-356, 1998.
7. Hansen, J., et al., Forcings and chaos in interannual to decadal climate change, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 25, 679-25, 720, 1997.
8. Hansen, J., M. Sato, A. Lacis, R. Ruedy, I. Tegen, and E. Matthews, Climate forcings in the industrial era, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 95, 12, 753-12, 758, 1998.
9. Hansen, J., R. Ruedy, J. Glascoe, and M. Sato, GISS analysis of surface temperature change, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 30, 997-31, 022, 1999.
10. Hansen, J., R. Ruedy, A. Lacis, M. Sato, L. Nazarenko, N. Tausnev, I. Tegen, and D. Koch, Climate modeling in the global warming debate, in Climate Modeling: Past, Present and Future, edited by D. Randall, Acad. Press, San Diego, Calif., 2000.
11. Imhoff, M. L., W. T. Lawrence, D. C. Stutzer, and C. D. Elvidge. A technique for using composite DMSP/OLS "city lights" satellite data to map urban area, Remote Sens. Environ., 61, 361-370, 1997.
12. Imhoff, M. L., C. J. Tucker, W. T. Lawrence, D. Stutzer, and R. Rusin, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 38, 2549-2556, 2000.
13. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Climate Change 1995, edited by J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callandar, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1996.
14. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, edited by J. T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden and D. Xiaosu, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2001.
15. Jones, P. D., Land surface temperatures: Is the network good enough?, Clim. Change, 31, 545-558, 1995.
16. Jones, P. D., M. New, D. E. Parker, S. Martin, and I. G. Rigor, Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years, Rev. Geophys., 37, 173-199, 1999.
17. Karl, T. R., and C. N. Williams, An approach to adjusting climatological lime series for discontinuous inhomogeneilies, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 26, 1744-1763, 1987.
18. Karl, T. R., C. N. Williams, P. J. Young, and W. M. Wendland, Model to estimate the time of observation bias associated with monthly mean maximum, minimum and mean temperatures for the United States, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 25, 145-160, 1986.
19. Karl, T. R., H. F. Diaz, and G. Kukla, Urbanization: Its detecuon and effect in the United States climate record, J Clim., 1, 1099-1123, 1988.
20. Karl, T. R., J. D. Tarplay, R. G. Quayle, H. F. Diaz, D. A. Robinson, and R. S. Bradley, The recent climate record: What it can and cannot tell us, Rev. Geophys., 27, 405-430, 1989.
21. Karl, T. R., C. N. Williams, F. T. Quinlan, and T. A. Boden, in United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Environ. Sci. Div. Publ. 3404, Carbon Dioxide Inf. and Anal. Cent, Oak Ridge Natl. Lab, Oak Ridge, Tenn., 1990.
22. Karl, T. R., R. W Knight, and J. Christy, Global and hemispheric temperature trends. Uncertainües related to inadequate sampling, J. Clim., 7, 1144-1163, 1994
23. Karl, T. R., R. W. Knight, G. Kukla, and G. Gavin, Evidence for the radiative effects of anthropogenic sulfate aerosols in the observed climatic record, in Aerosol Forcing of Climate, edited by R. Charlson and J. Heintzenberg, pp. 363-382, John Wiley, New York, 1995
24. Landsberg, H. E., The Urban Climate, 275 pp., Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1981.
25. Lean, J., J. Beer, and R. Bradley, Reconstruction of solar irradiance since 1610: Implications for climate change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 3195-3198, 1995.
26. Manabe, S., K. Bryan, and M. J Spelman, Transient response of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model to a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 130-141, 1990.
27. Mitchell, J. M., On the causes of instrumentally observed secular temperature trends, J Meteorol, 10, 244-261, 1953.
28. Mitchell, J. M., Effect of changing observation time on mean temperature, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 39, 83-89, 1958.
29. Peterson, T. C., and R. S. Vose, An overview of the global historical climatology network temperature database, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 2837-2850, 1997.
30. Peterson, T. C., et al., Homogeneity adjustments of in situ atmospheric climate data: A review, Int. J. Climatol., 18, 1493-1517, 1998a.
31. Peterson, T. C., T. R. Karl, P. F. Jamason, R. Knight, and D. R. Easterling, First difference method: Maximizing station density for the calculation of long-term global temperature change, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 25, 967-25, 974, 1998b.
32. Peterson, T. C., R. Vose, R. Schmoyer, and V. Razuvaev, Global historical climatology network (GHCN) quality control of monthly temperature data. Int. J. Climatol., 18, 1169-1179, 1998c.
33. Peterson, T. C., K. P. Gallo, J. Lawnmore, T. W. Owen, A. Huang, and D. A. McKittnck, Global rural temperature trends, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 329-332, 1999.
34. Quayle, R. G., D. R. Easterling, T. R. Karl and P. Y. Hughes, Effects of recent thermometer changes in the cooperative station network, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 72, 1718-1724, 1991.
35. Quayle, R. G., T. C. Peterson, A. N. Basist, C. S. Godfrey, An operational near-real-time global temperature index, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 333-335, 1999.
36. Rayner, N. A., E. B. Horton, D. E. Parker, C. K. Folland, and R. B. Hackett, Global sea ice and sea surface temperature data set, 1903-1994, Hadley Cent. Clim. Res. Tech. Note, CRTN 74, Hadley Cent., UK, 1996.
37. Reynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith, Improved global sea surface temperature analyses, J. Clim., 7, 929-948, 1994.
38. Russell, G. L., J. R. Miller, D. Rind, R. A. Ruedy, G. A. Schmidt, and S. Sheth, Comparison of model and observed regional temperature changes during the past 40 years, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 14, 891-14, 898, 2000.
39. Shindell, D. T., R. L. Miller, G. A. Schmidt, and L. Pandolfo, Simulation of recent northern winter climate trends by greenhouse-gas forcing, Nature, 339, 452-455, 1999.
40. Thompson D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace, The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1297-1300, 1998.