Numerical simulation of paced electrogram fractionation: Relating clinical observations to changes in fibrosis and action potential duration

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 151-161

  Turner, Ian ^a   Huang, Christopher L H ^a   Saumarez, Richard C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Action potential model; Computer simulation; Electrogram; Fractionation; Sudden death (cardiac)

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; INWARDLY RECTIFYING POTASSIUM CHANNEL; TROPONIN;

ARTICLE; CALCIUM CELL LEVEL; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROGRAPHY; HEART BLOCK; HEART FAILURE; HEART MUSCLE FIBROSIS; HEART MUSCLE POTENTIAL; HEART RIGHT VENTRICLE; HEART STIMULATION; HEART VENTRICLE FIBRILLATION; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; LONG QT SYNDROME; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUDDEN DEATH;

ACTION POTENTIALS; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; FIBROSIS; HEART; HUMANS; MODELS, THEORETICAL; MYOCARDIUM; VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION;

EID: 14644437011     PISSN: 10453873     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2005.30490.x     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Wu TJ, Ong JJC, Hwang C, Lee JJ, Fishbein MC, Czer L, Trento A, Blanche C, Kass RM, Mandel WJ, Karagueuzian HS, Chen PS: Characteristics of wave fronts during ventricular fibrillation in human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy: Role of increased fibrosis in the generation of reentry. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;23:187-196.
2. de Bakker JMT, van Capelle FJL, Janse MJ, Tasseron S, Vermeulen JT, de Jonge N, Lahpor JR: Fractionated electrograms in dilated cardiomyopathy: Origin and relation to abnormal conduction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:1071-1078.
3. Rogers JM, Huang J, Smith WM, Ideker RE: Incidence, evolution, and spatial distribution of functional reentry during ventricular fibrillation in pigs. Circ Res 1999;84:945-954.
4. Merx W, Yoon MS, Han J: The role of local disparity in conduction and recovery time on ventricular vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation. Am Heart J 1977;94:603-610.
5. Brugada P, Abdollah H, Heddle B, Wellens HJJ: Results of a ventricular fibrillation induced with a single and double ventricular extrastimuli. Am J Cardiol 1983;58:75-79.
6. Bourke JP, Richards DA, Ross DL, McGuire MA, Uther JB: Does the induction of ventricular flutter or fibrillation at electrophysiologic testing after myocardial infarction have any prognostic significance? Am J Cardiol 1995;75:431-435.
7. Saumarez RC, Camm AJ, Panagos A, Gill JS, Stewart JT, de Beider MA, Simpson LA, McKenna WJ: Ventricular fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is associated with increased fractionation of paced right ventricular electrograms. Circulation 1992;86:467-474.
8. Saumarez RC, Slade AKB, Grace AA, Sadoul N, Camm AJ, McKenna WJ: The significance of paced electrogram fractionation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1995;91:2762-2768.
9. Saumarez RC, Heald S, Gill J, Slade AKB, de Belder M, Walczak F, Rowland E, Ward DE, Camm AJ: Primary ventricular fibrillation is associated with increased paced right ventricular electrogram fractionation. Circulation 1995;92:2565-2571.
10. Saumarez RC, Chojnowska L, Derksen R, Pytkowski M, Sterlinski M, Huang CL-H, Sadoul N, Hauer RNW, Ruzyo W, Grace AA: Sudden death in noncoronary heart disease is associated with delayed paced ventricular activation. Circulation 2003;107:2595-2600.
11. Roberge FA, Vinet A, Victorri B: Reconstruction of propagated electrical activity with a two-dimensional model of anisotropic heart muscle. Circ Res 1986;58:461-475.
12. Maglaveras N, de Bakker JMT, van Capelle FJL, Pappas C, Janse MJ: Activation delay in healed myocardial infarction: A comparison between model and experiment. Am J Physiol 1995;269:H1441-H1449.
13. Ellis WS, Auslander DM, Lesh MD: Effects of coupling heterogeneity on fractionated electrograms in a model of nonuniformly anisotropic ventricular myocardium. J Electrocardiol. 1997;27:171-178.
14. Lesh MD, Pring M, Spear JF: Cellular uncoupling can unmask dispersion of action potential duration in ventricular myocardium. Circ Res 1989;65:1426-1440.
15. Spach MS, Miller WT, Miller-Jones E, Warren RB, Barr RC: Extracellular potentials related to intracellular action potentials during impulse conduction in anisotropic canine cardiac muscle. Circ Res 1979;45:188-204.
16. Press WH, Teukolsky SA, Vetterling WT, Flannery BP: Numerical recipes in FORTRAN. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 1997.
17. Maglaveras N, Sahakian AV, Myers GA: Boundary conditions in simulations of cardiac propagating action potentials. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1988;35:755-758.
18. Priebe L, Beuckelmann DJ: Simulation study of cellular electric properties in heart failure. Circ Res 1998;82:1206-1223.
19. Luo CH, Rudy Y: A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential. Circ Res 1994;74:1071-1096.
20. Coltart DJ, Meldrum SJ: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. An electrophysiological study. Br Med J 1970;4:217-218.
21. Hart G: Cellular electrophysiology in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Cardiovasc Res 1994;28:933-946.
22. Stevenson WG, Weiss JN, Wiener I, Rivitz M, Nademanee K, Klitzner T, Yeatman L, Josephson M, Wohlgelernter D: Fractionated endocardial electrograms are associated with slow conduction in humans: Evidence from pace-mapping. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989;13:369-376.
23. Vechia LL, Ometto R, Bedogni F, Finocchi G, Mosele GM, Bozzola L, Bevilacqua P, Vincenzi M: Ventricular late potentials, interstitial fibrosis and right ventricular function in patients with ventricular tachycardia and normal left ventricular function. Am J Cardiol 1998;81:790-792.
24. Kirchhof JHJ, Josephson ME: Role of discontinuous conduction/nonuniform anisotropy in clinical arrhythmias. In Spooner PM, Joyner RW, Jalife J. eds Discontinuous Conduction in the Heart. Futura Publishing, New York, 1997, pp. 135-157.
25. Tanaka M, Fujiwara H, Onodera T, Wu DJ, Matsuda M, Hamashima Y, Kawai C: Pathogenetic role of myocardial fiber disarray in the progression of cardiac fibrosis in normal hearts, hypertensive hearts and hearts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Jpn Circ J 1987 Jun;51:624-630.
26. Varnava AM, Elliott PM, Baboonian C, Davison F, Davies MJ, McKenna WJ: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Histopathological features of sudden death in cardiac troponin T disease. Circulation 2001;104:1380-1384.
27. Vassallo JA, Cassidy DM, Kindwall E, Marchlinski FE, Josephson ME: Nonuniform recovery of the excitability in the left ventricle. Circulation 1988;78:1365-1372.
28. Fast VG, Kleber AG: Block of impulse propagation at an abrupt tissue expansion: Evaluation of the critical strand diameter in 2- and 3-dimensional computer models. Cardiovasc Res 1995;30:449-459.
29. Cabo C, Pertsov AM, Baxter WT, Davidenko JM, Gray RA, Jalife J: Wave-front curvature as a cause of slow conduction and block in isolated cardiac muscle. Circ Res 1994;75:1014-1028.
30. Kawara T, Derksen R, de Groot JR, Coronel R, Tassaeron SRT, Limmenbank AC, Hauer RNW, Kirkels H, Janse MJ, de Bakker JMT: Activation delay after premature stimulation in chronically diseased human myocardium relates to the architecture of interstitial fibrosis. Circulation 2001;104:3069-3075.
31. Avitall B, McKinnie J, Jazayeri M, Akhtar M, Anderson AJ, Tchou P: Induction of ventricular fibrillation versus monomorphic ventricular tachycardia during programmed stimulation. Role of premature beat conduction delay. Circulation 1992;85:1271-1278.
32. Gillis AM, Winkle RA, Echt DS: Role of extrastimulus prematurity and intraventricular conduction time in inducing ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation secondary to coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1987;60:590-595.
33. Saumarez RC and Grace AA: Paced ventricular electrogram fractionation and sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other non-coronary heart diseases. Cardiovascular Res 2000;47:11-22.
34. Papadatos GA, Wallerstein PM, Head CE, Ratcliff R, Brady PA, Benndorf K, Saumarez RC, Trezise AE, Huang CL, Vandenberg JI, Colledge WH, Grace AA: Slowed conduction and ventricular tachycardia after targeted disruption of the cardiac sodium channel gene SCN5A. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002;99:6210-6215.
35. Balasubramaniam R, Grace AA, Saumarez RC, Vandenberg JI, Huang CL-H: Electrogram prolongation and nifedipine-suppressible arrhythmias following targeted disruption of KCNE1. J Physiol (Lond) 2003;552:535-546.
36. Karibe A, Tobacman LS, Strand J, Butters C, Back N, Bachinski LL, Arai AE, Ortiz A, Roberts R, Homsher E, Fanapazir L: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy caused by a novel α Tropomyosin mutation (V95A) is associated with mild cardiac phenotype, abnormal calcium binding to Troponin, abnormal myosin cycling and poor prognosis. Circulation 2001;103:65-71.
37. Semsarian C, Ahmed I, Giewat M, Georgakopoulos D, Schmitt JP, McKonnell DK, Reiken S, Mende U, Marks AR, Kass DA, Seidman CE, Seidman JG: L-Type calcium channel inhibitor Diltiazem prevents cardiomyopathy in a mouse model. J Clin Invest 2002;109:1013-1020.
38. 2+ response in mutant sarcomere protein-mediated familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Clin Invest 2000;106:1351-1359.
39. Spach MS, Barr RC: Effects of cardiac microstructure on propagating electrical waveforms. Circ Res 2000:86:23e-35e.
40. Peters BS, Wit AL: Myocardial Architecture and ventricular arrhythmogensis. Circulation 1998;97:1746-1754.
41. Lu Y, Marhaut-Smith MP, Varghese A, Huang C-L, Kemp PR, Vandenberg JI: Effects of premature stimulation on HERG K+ Channels. J Physiol (Lond) 2001;537:843-851.