Increasing body weight predicts the earlier onset of insulin-dependant diabetes in childhood: Testing the 'accelerator hypothesis' (2)

Diabetic Medicine

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 144-151

  Betts, Peter ^a,d   Mulligan, J ^b   Ward, P ^a   Smith, B ^a   Wilkin, T ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL SOUTHAMPTON NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

^c PENINSULA MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^d SOUTHAMPTON GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Accelerator hypothesis; Children; Diabetes mellitus; Obesity; Truncal adiposity

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ANTHROPOMETRY; ARTICLE; BIRTH WEIGHT; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPOTHESIS; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIFESTYLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; ONSET AGE; SCHOOL CHILD; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; WEIGHT GAIN; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

AGE OF ONSET; AUTOIMMUNITY; BIRTH WEIGHT; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS INDEX; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1; DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; WAIST-HIP RATIO; WEIGHT GAIN;

EID: 13444304163     PISSN: 07423071     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01368.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Fagot-Campagna A, Narayan KM, Imperatore G. Type 2 diabetes in children. BMJ 2000; 322: 377-378.
2. American Diabetes Association. Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2000; 105: 671-680.
3. Scott CR, Smith JM, Cradock MM, Pihoker C. Characteristics of youth-onset noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at diagnosis. Pediatrics 1997; 100: 84-91.
4. Hathout EH, Thomas W, El Shahawy M, Nahab F, Mace JW. Diabetic autoimmune markers in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes. Pediatrics 2001; 107: E102.
5. Tuomilehto-Wolf E, Tuomilehto J, Hitman GA, Nissinen A, Stengard J, Pekkanen J et al. Genetic susceptibility to non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and glucose intolerance are located in the HLA region. BMJ 1993; 307: 155-159.
6. Dahlquist G, Blom L, Tuvemo T, Nystrom L, Sandstrom A, Wall S. The Swedish childhood diabetes study-results from a nine year case register and a one year case-referent study indicating that type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is associated with both type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and autoimmune disorders. Diabetologia 1989; 32: 2-6.
7. Wilkin TJ. The Accelerator Hypothesis: weight gain as the missing link between type I and type II diabetes. Diabetologia 2001; 44: 914-922.
8. EURODIAS Substudy 2 Study Group. Rapid early growth is associated with increased risk of childhood type 1 diabetes in various European populations. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1755-1760.
9. Feltbower RG, Bodansky HJ, McKinney PA, Houghton J, Stephenson CR, Haigh D. Trends in the incidence of childhood diabetes in south Asians and other children in Bradford, UK. Diabet Med 2002; 19: 162-166.
10. Chinn S, Hughes JM, Rona RJ. Trends in growth and obesity in ethnic groups in Britain. Arch Dis Child 1998; 78: 513-517.
11. Baum JD, Ounsted M, Smith MA. Weight gain in infancy and subsequent development of diabetes mellitus in childhood. Lancet 1975; 2: 866.
12. Johansson C, Samuelsson U, Ludvigsson J. A high weight gain in early life is associated with an increased risk of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. Diabetologia 1994; 37: 91-94.
13. Hypponen E, Kenward MG, Virtanen SM, Piitulaineri A, Virta-Autio P, Tuomilehto J et al. Infant feeding, early weight gain and risk of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 1961-1965.
14. Bruining GJ. Association between infant growth before onset of juvenile type 1 diabetes and autoantibodies to IA-2. Lancet 2000; 356: 655-656.
15. Hypponen E, Virtanen SM, Kenward MG, Knip M, Akerblom HK. The Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group. Obesity, increased linear growth, and risk of type 1 diabetes in children Diabetes Care 2000; 23: 1755-1760.
16. Gorus FK, Pipeleers DG, the Belgian Diabetes Registry. Prospects for predicting and stopping beta cell destruction. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 15: 371-389.
17. Pundziute-Lycka A, Dahlquist G, Nysstrom L, Arnqvist H, Bjork E, Blohme G et al. The incidence of type 1 diabetes has not increased, but has shifted to a younger age-at-diagnosis in the 0-34 years group in Sweden 1983 to 1998. Diabetologia 2002; 45: 783-791.
18. Taylor RW, Jones IF, Williams SN, Goulding A. Evaluation of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and the conicity index as screening tools for high trunk fat mass, as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, in children 3-19y. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72: 490-495.
19. Maffeis C, Piettobelli A, Grezzani A, Provera S, Tato L. Waist circumference and cardiovascular risk factors in prepubertal children. Obes Res 2001; 9: 179-187.
20. Higgins PB, Gower BA, Hunter GR, Goran MI. Defining health-related obesity in prepubertal children. Obes Res 2001; 9: 233-240.
21. Kibirige M, Metcalf BS, Renuka R, Wilkin TJ. Testing the Accelerator Hypothesis (1): the relationship between body mass and age at onset of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 2865-2870.
22. Zhao HX, Stenhouse E, Soper C, Hughes P, Sanderson E, Baumer JH et al. Incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus in Devon and Cornwall, England, 1975-96. Diabet Med 1999; 16: 1030-1035.
23. Freeman JV, Cole TJ, Chinn S, Jones PRM, White EM, Preece MA. Cross sectional stature and weight reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch Dis Child 1995; 73: 17-24.
24. Cole TJ, Freeman JV, Preece MA. Body mass index reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch Dis Child 1995; 73: 25-29.
25. McCarthy HD, Jarrett KV, Crawley HF. The development of waist circumference percentiles in British children aged 5.0-16.9 y. Eur J Clin Nutr 2001; 55: 902-907.
26. Leslie RD, Taylor R, Pozzilli P. The role of insulin resistance in the natural history of type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 1997; 14: 327-331.
27. Armstrong J, Reilly JJ. Breastfeeding and lowering the risk of childhood obesity. Lancet 2002; 359: 2003-2004.
28. Barker D, ed. Fetal and Infant Origins of Adult Disease. London: BMJ Publishing, 1992.
29. Lucas A, Fewtrell MS, Cole TJ. Fetal origins of adult disease-the hypothesis revisited. BMJ 1999; 319: 245-249.
30. Wilkin TJ, Metcalf B, Jeffery A, Howdle S, Kirkby J, Voss LD. The relative contributions of birth weight, catch-up weight and current weight to the development of insulin resistance in contemporary children (EarlyBird 2). Diabetes 2002; 51: 3468-3472.
31. Palmer JP. Immunomodulatory therapy of human type 1 diabetes: lessons from the mouse. J Clin Invest 2001; 108: 31-33.
32. Pozzilli P. The DPT-1 trial: a negative result with lessons for future type 1 diabetes prevention. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2002; 18: 257-259.
33. Gale EA. Intervening before the onset of Type 1 diabetes: baseline data from the European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial (ENDIT). Diabetologia 2003; 46: 339-346.
34. Schatz D, Gale EA, Atkinson MA. Why can't we prevent Type 1 diabetes? Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 3326-3328.
35. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 393-403.
36. Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hamalainen H, Ilanne-Parikka P et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1343-1350.
37. Hamilton J, Cummings E, Zdravkovic V, Finegood D, Daneman D. Metformin as an adjunct therapy in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 138-143.