Skip Metastasis in Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma: Predictive Markers and Isolated Tumor Cells in N1 Lymph Nodes

Cancer

Volumn 100, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 1909-1917

  Prenzel, Klaus L ^a   Baldus, Stephan E ^a   Mönig, Stefan P ^a   Tack, Daniela ^a   Sinning, Jan M ^a   Gutschow, Christian A ^a   Grass, Guido ^a   Schneider, Paul M ^a   Dienes, Hans P ^a   Hölscher, Arnulf H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Bcl 2; Micrometastasis; Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma; p53; Skip metastasis; WAF 1 p21

Indexed keywords

ANTIBODY; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CYTOKERATIN ANTIBODY; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2; MUCIN 1; PROTEIN BCL 2; PROTEIN P21; PROTEIN P53; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER INFILTRATION; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER SURVIVAL; CELL ISOLATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EVALUATION; FEMALE; GENE; GENE EXPRESSION; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LARGE CELL CARCINOMA; LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA; LUNG CARCINOMA; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; LUNG SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METASTASIS; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SEX DIFFERENCE; SKIP METASTASIS; SURVIVAL RATE; SURVIVAL TIME; TUMOR CELL;

ADULT; AGED; BIOPSY, NEEDLE; CARCINOMA, NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG; COHORT STUDIES; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P21; CYCLINS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROBABILITY; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-BCL-2; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53;

EID: 11144357644     PISSN: 0008543X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.20165     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Martini N, Flehniger BJ, Zaman MB, Beattie EJ Jr. Results of resection in non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung with mediastinal lymph node metastases. Ann Surg. 1983;198:386-397.
2. Vansteenkiste JF, De Leyn PR, Deneffe GJ, et al. Survival and prognostic factors in resected N2 non-small-cell lung cancer: a study of 140 cases. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997;63:1441-1450.
3. Detterbeck FC, Jones DR. Surgical treatment of IIIA (N2) non-small-cell lung cancer. In: Detterbeck FC, Rivera MP, Socinski MA, Rosenman G, editors. Diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2001:244-256.
4. Okada M, Tsubota N, Yoshimura M, et al. Prognosis of completely resected pN2 non-small cell lung carcinomas: what is the significant node that affects survival? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1999;188:270-275.
5. Nakanishi R, Osaki T, Nakanishi K, et al, Treatment strategy for patients with surgically discovered N2-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997;64:342-348.
6. Miller DL, McManus KG, Allen MS, et al. Results of surgical resections in patients with N2 non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1994;57:1095-1101.
7. Watanabe Y, Shimizu J, Oda M, et al. Improved survival in left non-small cell N2 lung cancer after more extensive operative procedure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1991;39:89-93.
8. Ishida T, Yano T, Maeda K, et al. Strategy for lymphadenectomy in lung cancer three centimeters or less in diameter. Ann Thorac Surg. 1990;50:708-713.
9. Tateishi M, Fukuyama Y, Hamatake M, et al. Skip mediastinal lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. J Surg Oncol. 1994;57:139-142.
10. Prenzel KL, Mönig SP, Sinning JM, et al. Role of skip metastasis to mediastinal lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2003;82:256-260.
11. Yoshino I, Yokoyama H, Yano T, et al. Skip metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;62:1021-1025.
12. Fukuse T, Hirata T, Naiki N, et al. Prognostic significance of proliferative activity in pN2 non-small-cell lung carcinomas and their mediastinal lymph node metastases. Ann Surg. 2000;232:112-118.
13. Borner MM, Brousset P, Pfanner-Meyer B, et al. Expression of apoptosis regulatory proteins of the bcl-2 family and p53 in primary resected non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer. 1999;79:952-958.
14. Tanaka F, Takata T, Yamada T, et al. Apoptotic tumor-cell death in response to cell proliferation is influenced by p53 status in resected non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2002;36:27-32.
15. Noda A, Ning Y, Venable SF, et al. Cloning of senescent cell-derived inhibitors of DNA synthesis using an expression screen. Exp Cell Res. 1994;211:90-98.
16. Xiong Y, Hannon GJ, Zhang H, et al. p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases. Nature. 1994;366:701-704.
17. Komiya T, Hosono Y, Hirashima T, et al. p21 expression as a predictor for favorable prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Clin Cancer Res. 1997;3:1831-1835.
18. Shoji T, Tanaka F, Takata T, et al. Clinical significance of p21 expression in non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2002; 20:3865-3871.
19. Han H, Landreneau RJ, Santucci TS, et al. Prognostic value of immunohistochemical expressions of p53, her-2/neu, and bcl-2 in Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. Hum Pathol. 2002;33:105-110.
20. Moldvay J, Scheid P, Wild P, et al. Predictive survival markers in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6:1125-1134.
21. Ohsaki Y, Toyoshima E, Fujiuchi S, et al. Bcl-2 and p53 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancers: correlation with survival time. Clin Cancer Res. 1996;2:915-920.
22. Anton RC, Brown RW, Younes M, Gondo MM, Stephenson MA, Cagle PT. Absence of prognostic significance of bcl-2 immunopositivity in non-small cell lung cancer: analysis of 427 cases. Hum Pathol. 1997;28:1079-1082.
23. Bailey T, Biddlestone L, Shepherd N, Barr H, Warner P, Jankowski J. Altered cadherin and catenin complexes in the Barrett's esophagus-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence: correlation with disease progression and dedifferentiation. Am J Pathol. 1998;152:135-144.
24. Jawhari A, Jordan S, Poole S, Browne P, Pignatelli M, Farthing MJ. Abnormal immunoreactivity of the E-cadherin-catenin complex in gastric carcinoma: relationship with patient survival. Gastroenterology. 1997;112:46-54.
25. Ashida K, Terada T, Kitamura Y, Kaibara N. Expression of E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, beta-catenin, and CD44 (standard and variant isoforms) in human cholangiocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical study. Hepatology. 1998;27:974-982.
26. Gunji N, Oda T, Todoroki T, et al. Pancreatic carcinoma: correlation between E-cadherin and alpha-catenin expression status and liver metastasis. Cancer. 1998;82:1649-1656.
27. Sulzer MA, Leers MP, van Noord JA, Bollen EC, Theunissen PH. Reduced E-cadherin expression is associated with increased lymph node metastasis and unfavorable prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;157:1319-1323.
28. Guddo F, Giatromanolaki A, Koukourakis MI, et al. MUC1 (episialin) expression in non-small cell lung cancer is independent of EGFR and c-erbB-2 expression and correlates with poor survival in node positive patients. J Clin Pathol. 1998;51:667-671.
29. Mountain CF. Revisions in the International System for Staging Lung Cancer. Chest. 1997;111:1710-1717.
30. Baldus SE, Zirbes TK, Engel S, et al. Correlation of the immunohistochemical reactivity of mucin peptide cores MUC1 and MUC2 with the histopathological subtype and prognosis of gastric carcinomas. Int J Cancer. 1998;79:133-138.
31. Zirbes TK, Lorenzen J, Baldus SE, et al. Apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 protein are inverse factors influencing tumour cell turnover in primary carcinoid tumours of the lung. Histopathology. 1998;33:123-128.
32. Takizawa T, Terashima M, Koike T, et al. Mediastinal lymph node metastasis in patients with clinical Stage I peripheral non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1997; 113:248-252.
33. Naruke T, Goya T, Tsuchiya R, et al. The importance of surgery to non-small cell carcinoma of lung with mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Ann Thorac Surg. 1988;46:603-610.
34. Bonner JA, Garces YI, Sawyer TE, et al. Frequency of non-contiguous lymph node involvement in patients with resectable nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. Cancer. 1999;86:1159-1164.
35. Tsubota N, Yoshimura M. Skip metastasis and hidden N2 disease in lung cancer: how successful is mediastinal dissection? Surg Today. 1996;2:169-172.
36. Riquet M, Hidden G, Debesse B. Direct lymphatic drainage of lung segments to mediastinal nodes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1989;97:623-632.
37. Passlik B, Izbicki JR, Kubuschok B, et al. Detection of disseminated lung cancer cells in lymph nodes: impact on staging and prognosis. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;61:177-182.
38. Kubuschok B, Passlick B, Izbicki JR, et al. Disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes as a determinant for survival in surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:19-24.
39. Maruyama R, Sugio K, Mitsudomi T, et al. Relationship between early recurrence and micrometastasis in lymph nodes of patients with Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1997;114:535-543.
40. Wesseling J, van der Valk SW, Hilkens J. A mechanism for inhibition of E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion by the membrane-associated mucin episialin/MUC1. Mol Biol Cell. 1996;7:565-577.
41. Masaki Y, Oka M, Ogura Y, et al. Sialylated MUC1 mucin expression in normal pancreas, benign pancreatic lesions, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999;46:2240-2245.
42. Rahn JJ, Dabbagh L, Pasdar M, Hugh JC. The importance of MUC1 cellular localization in patients with breast carcinoma: an immunohistologic study of 71 patients and review of the literature. Cancer. 2001;91:1973-1982.
43. Song ZB, Gao SS, Yi XN, et al. Expression of MUC1 in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma and its relationship with prognosis of patients from Linzhou city, a high incidence area of northern China. World J Gastroenterol. 2003; 9:404-407.
44. Tateishi M, Ishida T, Kohdono S, Hamatake M, Fukuyama Y, Sugimachi K. Prognostic influence of the co-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and c-erbB-2 protein in human lung adenocarcinoma. Surg Oncol. 1994;3:109-113.
45. Harpole DH Jr., Herndon JE II, Wolfe WG, Iglehart JD, Marks JR. A prognostic model of recurrence and death in Stage I non-small cell lung cancer utilizing presentation, histopathology, and oncoprotein expression. Cancer Res. 1995;55: 51-56.
46. Giatromanolaki A, Koukourakis MI, O'Byrne K, et al. Non-small cell lung cancer: c-erbB-2 overexpression correlates with low angiogenesis and poor prognosis. Anticancer Res. 1996;16:3819-3825.
47. Wang Y, Szekely L, Okan I, Klein G, Wiman KG. Wild-type p53-triggered apoptosis is inhibited by bcl-2 in a v-myc-induced T-cell lymphoma line. Oncogene. 1993;8:3427-3431.
48. Korsmeyer SJ. Bcl-2 initiates a new category of oncogenes: regulators of cell death. Blood. 1992;80:879-886.
49. Jiang SX, Sato Y, Kuwao S, Kameya T. Expression of bcl-2 oncogene protein is prevalent in small cell lung carcinomas. J Pathol. 1995;177:135-138.
50. Pezzella F, Turley H, Kuzu I, et al. bcl-2 protein in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:690-694.
51. Ohsaki Y, Toyoshima E, Fujiuchi S, et al. bcl-2 and p53 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancers: correlation with survival time. Clin Cancer Res. 1996;2:915-920.
52. Mitsudomi T, Hamajima N, Ogawa M, Takahashi T. Prognostic significance of p53 alterations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6:4055-4063.
53. Schiller JH, Adak S, Feins RH, et al. Lack of prognostic significance of p53 and K-ras mutations in primary resected non-small-cell lung cancer on E4592: a laboratory ancillary study on an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group prospective randomized trial of postoperative adjuvant therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:448-457.
54. Harper JW, Adami GR, Wei N, Keyomarsi K, Elledge SJ. The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip1 is a potent inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Cell. 1993;75:805-816.
55. el-Deiry WS, Tokino T, Velculescu VE, et al. WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression. Cell. 1993;75:817-825.
56. Komija T, Hosono Y, Hirashima T, et al. p21 expression as a predictor for favorable prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Clin Cancer Res. 1997;3:1831-1835.
57. Shirodkar S, Ewen M, DeCaprio JA, Morgan J, Livingston DM, Chittenden T. The transcription factor E2F interacts with the retinoblastoma product and a p107-cyclin A complex in a cell cycle-regulated manner. Cell. 1992;68: 157-166.
58. Nevins JR. E2F: a link between the Rb tumor suppressor protein and viral oncoproteins. Science. 1992;258:424-429.
59. Scagliotti GV, Novello S. Adjuvant therapy in completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer. Curr Oncol Rep. 2003; 5:318-325.
60. Andre F, Grunewald D, Pigon JP, et al. Survival of patients with resected N2 non-small-cell lung cancer: evidence for a subclassification and implications. J Clin Oncol. 2000; 18:2981-2989.